1642 Events January–June January 4 - First English Civil War: Charles I attempts to arrest six leading members of the Long Parliament , but they escape. March 1 - Georgeana, Massachusetts becomes the first incorporated city in America. March 19 - The citizens of Galway seize an English naval ship, close the town gates, and declare support for Confederate Ireland . April 8 - George Spencer is executed by the New Haven Colony , for alleged bestiality. May 1 - Honours granted by Charles I, from this date onward, are retrospectively annulled by Parliament . May 17 - Ville-Marie is founded as a permanent settlement.July–December July - First English Civil War: Charles I besieges Hull , in an attempt to gain control of its arsenal. August 4 - Lord Forbes relieves Forthill, and besieges Galway. August 22 - King Charles I raises the royal battle standard over Nottingham Castle , so declaring war on his own Parliament . September 2 - Parliament orders the theatres of London closed, effectively ending the era of English Renaissance theatre . September 6 - England's Long Parliament suppresses all stage plays in theatres. September 7 - Lord Forbes raises his unsuccessful siege of Galway. September 8 - Thomas Granger is executed by hanging at Plymouth, Massachusetts, for confessing to numerous acts of bestiality. October 23 - First English Civil War - Battle of Edgehill: Royalists and Parliamentarians battle to a draw. November 13 - First English Civil War - Battle of Turnham Green: The Royalist forces withdraw in face of the Parliamentarian army, and fail to take London. November 24 - Abel Tasman becomes the first European to discover the island Van Diemen's Land . First week of December - First English Civil War - Battle of Muster Green: A small Parliamentarian army routes a small Royalist army after fighting on Muster Green, Haywards Heath . December 13 - Abel Tasman is the first recorded European to sight New Zealand. December 25 - The birth of British polymath, Isaac Newton .Date unknown The Dutch drive Spain from Taiwan . The village of Bro, Sweden is granted city rights for the second time, and takes the name Kristinehamn after the then Swedish monarch, Queen Christina . Rembrandt finishes his painting, The Night Watch . The Manchu , under their leader Hong Taiji , raid the Ming Chinese province of Shandong from their base in Manchuria . Two years later Beijing falls to rebels, the Chongzhen Emperor commits suicide, and the Shunzhi Emperor becomes the first Qing Emperor to rule over China proper . 1642 Yellow River flood: Some 300,000 people die, when the Ming Dynasty army in China intentionally breaks the dams and dykes of the Yellow River, to break the siege by the large rebel force of Li Zicheng . Isaac Aboab da Fonseca is appointed rabbi in Pernambuco , Brazil, thus becoming the first rabbi of the Americas. Births January–March January 2 * Johannes van Haensbergen , Dutch Golden Age painter * Mehmed IV , Sultan of the Ottoman Empire January 3 - Diego Morcillo Rubio de Auñón , Spanish-born Peruvian Catholic bishop January 4 - Philippe Pierson , Belgian Jesuit missionary January 5 - Johann Philipp Jeningen , German Catholic priest from Eichstätt, Bavaria January 6 * Julien Garnier , French Jesuit missionary to Canada * Gisbert Steenwick , Dutch musician January 11 * Johann Friedrich Alberti , German composer and organist * Mary Carleton , Englishwoman who used false identities January 26 - Evert Collier , Dutch Golden Age painter February 3 - Philip Aranda , Spanish Jesuit theologian February 18 - Marie Champmeslé , French actress March 2 - Claudio Coello , Spanish Baroque painter March 4 - Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski , Polish noble March 23 - Hester Davenport , English stage actress March 25 - Anna Talbot, Countess of Shrewsbury , English countess March 28 - Henry Wolrad, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg March 29 - Emich Christian of Leiningen-Dagsburg , Lord of Broich, Oberstein and Bürgel March 31 - Ephraim Curtis , American colonial military officerApril–June April 15 - Suleiman II , Ottoman Sultan April 21 - Simon de la Loubère , French diplomat April 27 - Francisque Millet , Flemish-French painter April 30 - Christian Weise , German writer, dramatist, poet, pedagogue and librarian May 5 - James Tyrrell , English barrister and writer June 8 - Frescheville Holles , English Member of Parliament June 12 - Alexander Seton, 3rd Earl of Dunfermline , earl in the Peerage of Scotland June 13 - Queen Myeongseong , Korean royal consort June 18 - Paul Tallement the Younger , French writer June 20 - George Hickes , English minister and scholar June 28 - Jacob de Graeff , member of the De Graeff-family from the Dutch Golden AgeJuly–September July 3 - Joseph-François Hertel de la Fresnière , military officer of New France July 7 - Gregorio II Boncompagni , Italian nobleman, 5th Duke of Sora July 25 - Louis I, Prince of Monaco , Monegasque prince August 3 - Robert Austen , English politician August 14 - Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany September 1 - Angelo Paoli , Italian beatified September 5 - Maria of Orange-Nassau , Dutch princess September 6 - Georg Christoph Bach , German composer September 23 - Giovanni Maria Bononcini , Italian violinist and composerOctober–December October 12 - Abraham van Calraet , Dutch painter November 4 - Zheng Jing , Chinese pirate November 5 - Nils Gyldenstolpe , Swedish count, official and diplomat November 9 - Sir John Lowther, 2nd Baronet, of Whitehaven , English politician November 11 - André Charles Boulle , French cabinet-maker November 16 - Cornelis Evertsen the Youngest , Dutch admiral November 24 - Anne Hilarion de Tourville , French naval commander under King Louis XIV November 30 - Andrea Pozzo , Jesuit Brother, architect and painter December 6 * Johann Christoph Bach , German composer and organist * Gerard Callenburgh , Dutch admiral December 8 - Nicolas Roland , French priest and founder December 13 - Friedrich Seyler , Swiss theologian December 17 * Francisco Castillo Fajardo, Marquis of Villadarias , Spanish general * Francis de Geronimo , Italian priest December 23 - John Holt , English politician December 25 - Sir Isaac Newton , English scientist December 30 * Vincenzo da Filicaja , Italian poet * François Roger de Gaignières , French genealogist, antiquary, collectorDate unknown John Archdale , British colonial governor Giovanni Barbara , Maltese architect and military engineer Abdul-Qādir Bīdel , Persian Sufi poet Bonaventure Giffard , English Catholic priest Albert Janse Ryckman , Mayor of Albany , prominent brewermaster Thomas Shadwell , English writer Marie Anne de La Trémoille, princesse des Ursins , politically active Spanish court officialDeaths January 8 - Galileo Galilei , Italian astronomer and physicist January 12 - Johann Ernst, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg January 13 - Sophia Hedwig of Brunswick-Lüneburg , German noblewoman January 21 - Alban Roe , English Benedictine martyr February 7 - William Bedell , English clergyman February 19 - Jørgen Knudsen Urne , Danish noble March 30 - William Augustus, Duke of Brunswick-Harburg April 30 - Dmitry Pozharsky , Russian prince May 9 - Jacques Bonfrère , Flemish Jesuit priest and biblical scholar May 24 - Polyxena von Lobkowicz , politically active Czech aristocrat June 14 - Saskia van Uylenburgh , wife of painter Rembrandt van Rijn July 3 - Marie de' Medici , French queen consort and regent July 4 - Erzsébet Thurzó , Hungarian noblewoman July 5 - Festus Hommius , Dutch theologian July 18 - William of Nassau-Hilchenbach , German count July 25 - Crato, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken July 30 - Franz von Hatzfeld , Prince-Bishop of Würzburg August 18 - Guido Reni , Italian painter September 3 - Countess Elisabeth of Nassau , regent of Sedan September 12 - Henri Coiffier de Ruzé, Marquis of Cinq-Mars , French conspirator September 8 - Herman de Neyt , Flemish painter September 29 - René Goupil , French Jesuit missionary, first of the Canadian Martyrs October 3 - Charles Howard, 2nd Earl of Nottingham , English noble October 19 - Giovanni Doria , Spanish noble October 23 - George Stewart, 9th Seigneur d'Aubigny , Scottish nobleman and military commander October 24 - Robert Bertie, 1st Earl of Lindsey , English Fen drainage adventurer and soldier November 1 - Jean Nicolet , French explorer November 7 - Henry Montagu, 1st Earl of Manchester , English politician November 14 - Henry Wallop , English politician November 24 - Walatta Petros , saint in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church November 25 - Christian Günther I, Count of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen December 4 - Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal Richelieu , French statesman December 6 - Charles Caesar , English politician and judge December 23 - Louis de Dieu , Dutch theologian December 27 - Herman op den Graeff , Dutch bishop date unknown - Catholicos Patriarch Eudemus I of Georgia
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