December 17 Events 497 BC - The first Saturnalia festival was celebrated in ancient Rome . 546 - Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoths under king Totila plunder the city, by bribing the Byzantine garrison. 920 - Romanos I Lekapenos is crowned co-emperor of the underage Constantine VII . 942 - Assassination of William I of Normandy . 1398 - Sultan Nasir-u Din Mehmud's armies in Delhi are defeated by Timur . 1538 - Pope Paul III excommunicates Henry VIII of England . 1583 - Cologne War: Forces under Ernest of Bavaria defeat troops under Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg at the Siege of Godesberg . 1586 - Go-Yōzei becomes Emperor of Japan . 1718 - War of the Quadruple Alliance: Great Britain declares war on Spain. 1777 - American Revolution: France formally recognizes the United States . 1790 - The Aztec calendar stone is discovered at El Zócalo, Mexico City. 1807 - Napoleonic Wars: France issues the Milan Decree , which confirms the Continental System . 1812 - War of 1812: U.S. forces attack a Lenape village in the Battle of the Mississinewa . 1819 - Simón Bolívar declares the independence of Gran Colombia in Angostura. 1835 - The second Great Fire of New York destroys 50 acres of New York City's Financial District . 1837 - A fire in the Winter Palace of Saint Petersburg kills 30 guards. 1862 - American Civil War: General Ulysses S. Grant issues General Order No. 11 , expelling Jews from parts of Tennessee , Mississippi , and Kentucky . 1865 - First performance of the Unfinished Symphony by Franz Schubert . 1892 - First issue of Vogue is published. 1896 - Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania's Schenley Park Casino , which was the first multi-purpose arena with the technology to create an artificial ice surface in North America, is destroyed in a fire. 1903 - The Wright brothers make the first controlled powered, heavier-than-air flight in the Wright Flyer at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina . 1907 - Ugyen Wangchuck is crowned first King of Bhutan . 1913 - A spur of the Shaker Heights streetcar line opens, the first line of the eventual Cleveland RTA Rapid Transit system . 1918 - Darwin Rebellion: Up to 1,000 demonstrators march on Government House in Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia . 1919 - Uruguay becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty . 1926 - Antanas Smetona assumes power in Lithuania as the 1926 coup d'état is successful. 1927 - Indian revolutionary Rajendra Lahiri is hanged in Gonda jail, Uttar Pradesh, India, two days before the scheduled date. 1928 - Indian revolutionaries Bhagat Singh , Sukhdev Thapar and Shivaram Rajguru assassinate British police officer James Saunders in Lahore , Punjab , to avenge the death of Lala Lajpat Rai at the hands of the police. The three were executed in 1931 . 1933 - The first NFL Championship Game is played. The game was at Wrigley Field between the New York Giants and Chicago Bears . The Bears won 23–21. 1935 - First flight of the Douglas DC-3 . 1938 - Otto Hahn discovers the nuclear fission of the heavy element uranium, the scientific and technological basis of nuclear energy . 1939 - World War II: Battle of the River Plate: The Admiral Graf Spee is scuttled by Captain Hans Langsdorff outside Montevideo . 1941 - World War II: Japanese forces land in Northern Borneo . 1943 - All Chinese are again permitted to become citizens of the United States upon the repeal of the Act of 1882 and the introduction of the Magnuson Act . 1944 - World War II: Battle of the Bulge: Malmedy massacre: American 285th Field Artillery Observation Battalion POWs are shot by Waffen-SS Kampfgruppe Joachim Peiper . 1946 - Kurdistan flag day, the flag of Kurdistan was raised for the first time in Mahabad in eastern Kurdistan. 1947 - First flight of the Boeing B-47 Stratojet strategic bomber . 1948 - The Finnish Security Police is established to remove communist leadership from its predecessor, the State Police . 1950 - The F-86 Sabre's first mission over Korea. 1951 - The American Civil Rights Congress delivers "We Charge Genocide" to the United Nations . 1957 - The United States successfully launches the first Atlas intercontinental ballistic missile at Cape Canaveral, Florida . 1960 - Troops loyal to Emperor Haile Selassie in Ethiopia crush the coup that began December 13 , returning power to their leader upon his return from Brazil. Haile Selassie absolves his son of any guilt. 1960 - Munich C-131 crash: Twenty passengers and crew on board as well as 32 people on the ground are killed. 1961 - Niterói circus fire: Fire breaks out during a performance by the Gran Circus Norte-Americano in the city of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil , killing more than 500. 1967 - Harold Holt , Prime Minister of Australia , disappears while swimming near Portsea, Victoria , and is presumed drowned. 1969 - Project Blue Book: The United States Air Force closes its study of UFOs . 1970 - Polish protests: In Gdynia , soldiers fire at workers emerging from trains, killing dozens. 1973 - Thirty passengers are killed in an attack by Palestinian terrorists on Rome's Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport . 1981 - American Brigadier General James L. Dozier is abducted by the Red Brigades in Verona , Italy. 1983 - Provisional IRA members detonate a car bomb at Harrods Department Store in London. Three police officers and three civilians are killed. 1989 - Romanian Revolution: Protests continue in Timișoara , Romania , with rioters breaking into the Romanian Communist Party's District Committee building and attempting to set it on fire. 1989 - Fernando Collor de Mello defeats Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in the second round of the Brazilian presidential election , becoming the first democratically elected President in almost 30 years. 1989 - The Simpsons premieres on television with the episode "Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire". 2002 - Second Congo War: The Congolese parties of the Inter Congolese Dialogue sign a peace accord which makes provision for transitional governance and legislative and presidential elections within two years. 2003 - The Soham murder trial ends at the Old Bailey in London, with Ian Huntley found guilty of two counts of murder. His girlfriend, Maxine Carr, is found guilty of perverting the course of justice . 2003 - SpaceShipOne , piloted by Brian Binnie , makes its first powered and first supersonic flight . 2005 - Anti-World Trade Organization protesters riot in Wan Chai, Hong Kong . 2005 - Jigme Singye Wangchuck abdicates the throne as King of Bhutan. 2009 - sinks off the coast of Lebanon , resulting in the deaths of 44 people and over 28,000 animals. 2010 - Mohamed Bouazizi sets himself on fire . This act became the catalyst for the Tunisian Revolution and the wider Arab Spring . 2014 - The United States and Cuba re-establish diplomatic relations after severing them in 1961 .Births 1239 - Kujō Yoritsugu , Japanese shōgun 1267 - Emperor Go-Uda of Japan 1554 - Ernest of Bavaria, Roman Catholic bishop 1556 - Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana , Pakistani-Indian poet 1616 - Roger L'Estrange , English pamphleteer and author 1619 - Prince Rupert of the Rhine 1632 - Anthony Wood , English historian and author 1685 - Thomas Tickell , English poet 1699 - Charles-Louis Mion , French composer and educator 1706 - Émilie du Châtelet , French mathematician and physicist 1734 - Maria I of Portugal 1749 - Domenico Cimarosa , Italian composer and educator 1778 - Humphry Davy , English chemist and physicist 1796 - Thomas Chandler Haliburton , Canadian judge and politician 1797 - Joseph Henry , American physicist and engineer 1807 - John Greenleaf Whittier , American poet and activist 1812 - Vilhelm Petersen , Danish painter 1827 - Alexander Wassilko von Serecki , Austrian lawyer and politician 1830 - Jules de Goncourt , French author and critic 1835 - Alexander Emanuel Agassiz , Swiss-American ichthyologist and engineer 1840 - Nozu Michitsura , Japanese field marshal 1842 - Sophus Lie , Norwegian mathematician and academic 1847 - Émile Faguet , French author and critic 1853 - Pierre Paul Émile Roux , French physician and immunologist, co-founded the Pasteur Institute 1859 - Paul César Helleu , French painter and illustrator 1866 - Kazys Grinius , Lithuanian physician and politician, 3rd President of Lithuania 1873 - Ford Madox Ford , English novelist, poet, and critic 1874 - William Lyon Mackenzie King , Canadian economist and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Canada 1881 - Aubrey Faulkner , South African-English cricketer and coach 1884 - Alison Uttley , English children's book writer 1887 - Josef Lada , Czech painter and illustrator 1890 - Prince Joachim of Prussia 1892 - Sam Barry , American basketball player and coach 1893 - Charles C. Banks, English captain and pilot 1893 - Erwin Piscator , German director and producer 1894 - Arthur Fiedler , American conductor 1894 - Patrick Flynn , Irish-American runner and soldier 1894 - Wim Schermerhorn , Dutch cartographer, engineer, and politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands 1895 - Gerald Patterson , Australian tennis player 1898 - Loren Murchison , American sprinter 1900 - Mary Cartwright , English mathematician and academic, one of the first people to analyze a dynamical system with chaos 1900 - Katina Paxinou , Greek actress 1903 - Erskine Caldwell , American novelist and short story writer 1903 - Ray Noble , English bandleader, composer, and actor 1904 - Paul Cadmus , American painter and illustrator 1905 - Simo Häyhä , Finnish soldier and sniper 1905 - Mohammad Hidayatullah , 11th Chief Justice of India , and politician, 6th Vice President of India 1905 - Erico Verissimo , Brazilian author and translator 1906 - Fernando Lopes-Graça , Portuguese composer and conductor 1906 - Russell C. Newhouse, American pilot and engineer 1908 - Willard Libby , American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate 1910 - Eknath Easwaran , Indian-American educator and author 1910 - Sy Oliver , American singer-songwriter and trumpet player 1912 - Edward Short, Baron Glenamara , English captain and politician, Lord President of the Council 1913 - Burt Baskin , American businessman, co-founded Baskin-Robbins 1914 - Mushtaq Ali , Indian cricketer 1914 - Fernando Alonso , Cuban ballet dancer, co-founded the Cuban National Ballet 1916 - Penelope Fitzgerald , English author and poet 1917 - Kenneth Dike , Nigerian historian, author, and academic 1920 - Kenneth E. Iverson, Canadian computer scientist, developed the APL programming language 1921 - Lore Berger , German-Swiss author and translator 1922 - Alan Voorhees , American engineer and academic 1923 - Jaroslav Pelikan , American historian and scholar 1926 - Ray Jablonski , American baseball player 1926 - John Hans Krebs , American lawyer and politician 1926 - Stephen Lewis , English actor, director, screenwriter, and playwright 1927 - Richard Long , American actor and director 1927 - Edward Meneeley , American painter and sculptor 1928 - Marilyn Beck , American journalist 1928 - Eli Beeding , American captain and pilot 1928 - Doyle Conner , American farmer and politician, 7th Florida Commissioner of Agriculture 1929 - William Safire , American journalist and author 1930 - Bob Guccione , American photographer and publisher, founded Penthouse 1930 - Armin Mueller-Stahl , German actor and painter 1930 - Dorothy Rowe , Australian psychologist and author 1931 - Gerald Finnerman , American director and cinematographer 1931 - Dave Madden , Canadian-American actor 1931 - James McGaugh , American neurobiologist and psychologist 1932 - John Bond , English footballer and manager 1934 - Irving Petlin , American painter and academic 1934 - Ray Wilson , English footballer and manager 1935 - Brian Langford , English cricketer 1935 - Cal Ripken Sr ., American baseball player, coach, and manager 1936 - Pope Francis 1936 - Tommy Steele , English singer, guitarist, and actor 1937 - Brian Hayes , Australian-English radio host 1937 - Art Neville , American singer and keyboard player 1937 - Kerry Packer , Australian businessman, founded World Series Cricket 1937 - John Kennedy Toole , American novelist 1937 - Calvin Waller , American general 1938 - Peter Snell , New Zealand runner 1939 - James Booker , American pianist 1939 - Eddie Kendricks , American R&B singer-songwriter 1940 - Kåre Valebrokk , Norwegian journalist 1940 - María Elena Velasco , Mexican actress, singer, director, and screenwriter 1941 - Dave Dee , English singer-songwriter and guitarist 1941 - Stan Mudenge , Zimbabwean historian and politician, Zimbabwean Minister of Foreign Affairs 1942 - Muhammadu Buhari , Nigerian general and politician, 7th Head of State of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1942 - Paul Butterfield , American singer and harmonica player 1943 - Ron Geesin , Scottish pianist and composer 1944 - Jack L. Chalker, American author and educator 1944 - Carlo M. Croce, Italian-American oncologist and academic 1944 - Bernard Hill , English actor 1945 - Ernie Hudson , American actor 1945 - David Mallet , British director 1945 - Chris Matthews , American journalist and author 1945 - Jüri Talvet , Estonian poet and critic 1945 - Jacqueline Wilson , English author and academic 1946 - Simon Bates , English radio host 1946 - Eugene Levy , Canadian actor, director, and screenwriter 1947 - Wes Studi , American actor and producer 1948 - Valery Belousov , Russian ice hockey player and coach 1948 - Jim Bonfanti , American rock drummer 1948 - Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu , Turkish economist and politician 1949 - Sotiris Kaiafas , Cypriot footballer 1949 - Paul Rodgers , English singer-songwriter and producer 1950 - Laurence F. Johnson, American educator and author 1950 - Maurice Peoples , American sprinter and coach 1951 - Pat Hill , American football player and coach 1951 - Ken Hitchcock , Canadian ice hockey player and coach 1951 - Tatyana Kazankina , Russian runner 1953 - Bill Pullman , American actor 1954 - Sergėjus Jovaiša , Lithuanian basketball player 1955 - Brad Davis , American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster 1956 - Peter Farrelly , American director, producer, and screenwriter 1956 - Dominic Lawson , English journalist and author 1956 - Totka Petrova , Bulgarian runner 1957 - Wendy Hoyte , English sprinter 1957 - Bob Ojeda , American baseball player and coach 1958 - Mike Mills , American bass player, songwriter, and producer 1959 - Bob Stinson , American songwriter and guitarist 1961 - Mansoor al-Jamri , Bahraini journalist and author 1962 - Paul Dobson , English footballer 1962 - Galina Malchugina , Russian sprinter 1962 - Rocco Mediate , American golfer and journalist 1964 - Frank Musil , Czech ice hockey player and coach 1964 - Joe Wolf , American basketball player and coach 1965 - Craig Berube , Canadian ice hockey player and coach 1966 - Tracy Byrd , American singer-songwriter and guitarist 1966 - Kristiina Ojuland , Estonian politician, 23rd Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs 1967 - Vincent Damphousse , Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster 1967 - Karsten Neitzel , German footballer and manager 1968 - Claudio Suárez , Mexican footballer 1968 - Paul Tracy , Canadian race car driver and sportscaster 1969 - Laurie Holden , American actress and model 1969 - Inna Lasovskaya , Russian triple jumper 1969 - Chuck Liddell , American mixed martial artist and kick-boxer 1969 - Mick Quinn , English singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer 1971 - Alan Khan , South African radio and TV presenter 1971 - Antoine Rigaudeau , French basketball player 1972 - Iván Pedroso , Cuban long jumper and coach 1973 - Eddie Fisher , American drummer 1973 - Konstadinos Gatsioudis , Greek javelin thrower 1973 - Rian Johnson , American director, producer, and screenwriter 1973 - Paula Radcliffe , English runner 1973 - Hasan Vural , German-Turkish footballer 1974 - Charl Langeveldt , South African cricketer 1974 - Sarah Paulson , American actress 1974 - Giovanni Ribisi , American actor 1975 - Nick Dinsmore , American wrestler and trainer 1975 - Susanthika Jayasinghe , Sri Lankan sprinter 1975 - Milla Jovovich , Ukrainian-American actress 1976 - Éric Bédard , Canadian speed skater and coach 1976 - Nir Davidovich , Israeli footballer and manager 1976 - Patrick Müller , Swiss footballer 1976 - Andrew Simpson , English sailor 1976 - Takeo Spikes , American football player and sportscaster 1977 - Arnaud Clément , French tennis player 1977 - Samuel Påhlsson , Swedish ice hockey player 1977 - Katheryn Winnick , Canadian actress 1977 - Maria Brink , American singer and songwriter 1978 - Alex Cintrón , Puerto Rican-American baseball player and sportscaster 1978 - Manny Pacquiao , Filipino boxer and politician 1978 - Neil Sanderson , Canadian drummer and songwriter 1978 - Chase Utley , American baseball player 1978 - Riteish Deshmukh , Indian film actor, producer and architect 1979 - Matt Murley , American ice hockey player 1979 - Paul Smith , English footballer 1980 - Ryan Hunter-Reay , American race car driver 1980 - Alexandra Papageorgiou , Greek hammer thrower 1980 - Eli Pariser , American activist and author 1981 - Jerry Hsu , American skateboarder and photographer 1981 - Tim Wiese , German footballer 1982 - Josh Barfield , American baseball player 1982 - Lorenzo Cittadini , Italian rugby player 1982 - Craig Kielburger , Canadian activist and author 1982 - Stéphane Lasme , Gabonese basketball player 1982 - Ryan Moats , American football player 1982 - Onur Özsu , Turkish singer-songwriter 1983 - Erik Christensen , Canadian ice hockey player 1983 - Haron Keitany , Kenyan runner 1983 - Sébastien Ogier , French race car driver 1984 - Luis Maria Alfageme , Argentinian footballer 1984 - Julian Bennett , English footballer 1984 - Andrew Davies , English footballer 1984 - Mikky Ekko , American singer-songwriter and producer 1984 - Shannon Woodward , American actress 1985 - Łukasz Broź , Polish footballer 1985 - Craig Reid , English footballer 1985 - Greg James , English radio presenter and comedian 1986 - Emma Bell , American actress 1986 - Frank Winterstein , Australian-Samoan rugby league player 1987 - Maryna Arzamasova , Belorussian middle-distance runner 1987 - Bo Guagua , Chinese businessman 1987 - Chelsea Manning , American soldier and intelligence analyst 1988 - Liisa Ehrberg , Estonian cyclist 1988 - Grethe Grünberg , Estonian ice dancer 1988 - Kris Joseph , Canadian basketball player 1988 - David Rudisha , Kenyan runner 1988 - Craig Sutherland , Scottish footballer 1991 - James Hurst , American football player 1991 - Jordan Rankin , Australian rugby league player 1991 - Atsedu Tsegay , Ethiopian runner 1992 - Joshua Ingram , Canadian drummer and percussionist 1992 - Quinton de Kock , South African cricketer 1993 - Patricia Kú Flores , Peruvian tennis player 1994 - Lloyd Perrett , New Zealand rugby league player 1994 - Nat Wolff , American singer-songwriter, keyboard player and actor 1996 - Elizaveta Tuktamysheva , Russian figure skater 1997 - Naiktha Bains , British-Australian tennis player 1997 - Shoma Uno , Japanese figure skater 1998 - Jasmine Armfield , English actress 1998 - Martin Ødegaard , Norwegian footballerDeaths 779 - Sturm , abbot of Fulda 908 - al-Abbas ibn al-Hasan al-Jarjara'i , Abbasid vizier 908 - Abdallah ibn al-Mu'tazz , Abbasid prince and poet, anti-caliph for one day 942 - William I , duke of Normandy 1187 - Pope Gregory VIII 1195 - Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut 1273 - Rumi , Persian jurist, theologian, and poet 1419 - William Gascoigne , Chief Justice of England 1471 - Infanta Isabel, Duchess of Burgundy 1559 - Irene di Spilimbergo , Italian Renaissance poet and painter 1562 - Eleonora di Toledo , Grand Duchess of Tuscany 1663 - Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba 1721 - Richard Lumley, 1st Earl of Scarbrough , English soldier and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1830 - Simón Bolívar, Venezuelan general and politician, 2nd President of Venezuela 1833 - Kaspar Hauser , German feral child 1847 - Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma 1857 - Francis Beaufort , Irish hydrographer and officer in the Royal Navy 1904 - William Shiels , Irish-Australian politician, 16th Premier of Victoria 1907 - William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin , Irish-Scottish physicist and engineer 1909 - Leopold II of Belgium 1917 - Elizabeth Garrett Anderson , English physician and activist 1927 - Rajendra Lahiri, Indian activist 1928 - Frank Rinehart , American photographer 1929 - Manuel de Oliveira Gomes da Costa , Portuguese general and politician, 10th President of Portugal 1930 - Peter Warlock , Welsh composer and critic 1932 - Charles Winckler , Danish discus thrower, shot putter, and tug of war competitor 1933 - 13th Dalai Lama 1935 - Lizette Woodworth Reese , American poet 1940 - Alicia Boole Stott , Anglo-Irish mathematician and academic 1942 - Allen Bathurst, Lord Apsley , English lieutenant and politician 1947 - Christos Tsigiridis , Greek engineer 1956 - Eddie Acuff , American actor 1957 - Dorothy L. Sayers, English author, poet, and playwright 1962 - Thomas Mitchell , American actor 1964 - Victor Francis Hess , Austrian-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate 1967 - Harold Holt, Australian lawyer and politician, 17th Prime Minister of Australia 1970 - Oliver Waterman Larkin , American historian, author, and educator 1978 - Don Ellis , American trumpet player, composer, and bandleader 1981 - Antiochos Evangelatos , Greek composer and conductor 1982 - Homer S. Ferguson, American lawyer, judge, and politician 1986 - Guillermo Cano Isaza , Colombian journalist 1987 - Linda Wong , American porn actress 1987 - Marguerite Yourcenar , Belgian-American author and poet 1992 - Günther Anders , German journalist and philosopher 1992 - Dana Andrews , American actor 1999 - Rex Allen , American singer-songwriter and actor 1999 - Grover Washington Jr., American singer-songwriter and saxophonist 1999 - C. Vann Woodward, American historian and academic 2002 - K. W. Devanayagam, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, 10th Sri Lankan Minister of Justice 2003 - Otto Graham , American football player and coach 2004 - Tom Wesselmann , American painter and sculptor 2005 - Jack Anderson , American journalist and author 2005 - Marc Favreau , Canadian actor and poet 2005 - Haljand Udam , Estonian orientalist and academic 2006 - Larry Sherry , American baseball player and coach 2008 - Sammy Baugh , American football player and coach 2008 - Freddy Breck , German singer-songwriter, producer, and journalist 2008 - Dave Smith , American baseball player and coach 2009 - Chris Henry , American football player 2009 - Jennifer Jones , American actress 2009 - Alaina Reed Hall , American actress 2010 - Captain Beefheart , American singer-songwriter 2010 - Walt Dropo , American basketball and baseball player 2010 - Ralph Coates , English footballer 2011 - Eva Ekvall , Venezuelan journalist and author, Miss Venezuela 2000 2011 - Kim Jong-il , North Korean commander and politician, 2nd Supreme Leader of North Korea 2012 - Richard Adams , Filipino-American activist 2012 - James Gower , American priest and activist, co-founded the College of the Atlantic 2012 - Daniel Inouye , American captain and politician 2012 - Laurier LaPierre , Canadian historian, journalist, and politician 2012 - Frank Pastore , American baseball player and radio host 2013 - Fred Bruemmer , Latvian-Canadian photographer 2013 - Ricardo María Carles Gordó , Spanish cardinal 2013 - Richard Heffner , American historian and television host 2013 - Tetsurō Kashibuchi , Japanese drummer, songwriter, and producer 2013 - Janet Rowley , American geneticist and biologist 2013 - Conny van Rietschoten , Dutch sailor 2014 - Dieter Grau , German-American scientist and engineer 2014 - Richard C. Hottelet, American journalist 2014 - Oleh Lysheha , Ukrainian poet and playwright 2014 - Lowell Steward , American captain 2014 - Ivan Vekić , Croatian colonel, lawyer, and politician, Croatian Minister of the Interior 2015 - Hal Brown , American baseball player and manager 2015 - Osamu Hayaishi , American-Japanese biochemist and academic 2015 - Michael Wyschogrod , German-American philosopher and theologian 2016 - Benjamin A. Gilman, American soldier and politician 2016 - Henry Heimlich , American doctor 2016 - Gordon Hunt , American voice directorHolidays and observances Christian feast day: * Daniel the Prophet * Josep Manyanet i Vives * Lazarus of Bethany * O Sapientia * Olympias the Deaconess * Wivina * Sturm * December 17 Kurdistan flag day Accession Day International Day to End Violence Against Sex Workers Kurdish flag day National Day Pan American Aviation Day Wright Brothers Day , a United States federal observance by Presidential proclamation
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