Portuguese vocabulary

Most of the Portuguese vocabulary comes from Latin because Portuguese is a Romance language.
since the year 1,000
However, other languages that came into contact with it have also left their mark. In the thirteenth century, the lexicon of Portuguese had about 80% words of Latin origin and 20% of pre-Roman Gallaecian and Celtiberian, Germanic, Greek and Arabic origin.

Pre-Roman languages of Portugal (Proto-Celtic, Tartessian, Celtic, Basque)

Traces of the languages from native peoples of western Iberia persist in Portuguese, as shown below. Most of the pre-Roman placenames or rivers in Portugal originate from the Hispano-Celtic Gallaecian and Celtiberian languages. There are also a few Iberian, Basque and Tartessian components in Portuguese.

List of Portuguese words of Iberian and Basque origin

Iberian">Iberian language">Iberian-Basque">Basque language">Basque

arroio "brook, stream"
baía "bay"
balsa "ferry"
barranco "ravine"
barranceira "steep climb or cliff"
barro "mud; clay"
bizarro "quaint, bizarre"
boina "Basque berret"
cabaça "kalabash, gourd"
cachorro "puppy"
carapaça "shell, armour"
cavaco "small woods"
charco "puddle"
gordo "fat individual or liquid"
gordura "lard, fat content"
manteiga "butter" ***Uncertain origin, possibly Lat. mantica
mata, mato "woods"
medronheiro "strawberry-tree"
mochila "rucksack, backpack"
morro "hill"
mouta, moita "bush"
sapato "shoe" ***Uncertain origin
sapo "toad"
silo "silo"

Projections on Iberian vocabulary, toponyms and derivations in Portuguese, indicate just a few dozen words in total.

Basque">Basque language">Basque

A claim of Basque influence in Portuguese is the voiceless alveolar retracted sibilant , a sound transitional between laminodental and palatal ; this sound also influenced other Ibero-Romance languages such as Catalan. The apico-alveolar retracted sibilant is a result of bilingualism of speakers of Basque and Vulgar Latin. The Basque influence in Portuguese is believed to have entered mainly through Spanish, because many of those who took part in the Reconquista and later repopulation campaigns in Portugal, were of Basque lineage, even if bilingual Basque-Castilian or Castilian-only speakers with strong Basque influence. There are a few words, surnames and forenames:

bacalhau "cod", from Basque bakailao, maybe through Old Dutch bakeljauw or kabeljauw.
cachorro "puppy" or "dog", from Basque txakur, xakur "puppy".
carrasco "executioner" or "Portuguese oak", from Basque karraska "thunder, crash of falling tree"
chamorro "close-cropped"
chaparro "dwarf oak"
esquerdo "left"
sarça, "bramble", fr early Basque çarzi
sarna "scabies" from Medieval Latin, but as serna attested in Theodorus Priscianus. however, after studying the variants of the word in the Latin medical treatises, proposes a Hispano-Celtic origin; cf. Middle Welsh sarn "mess" and sarnaf "to wreck".
veiga "meadow, grassland", from Basque *baika, bai "river" + relational suffix -ko
Names of Basque origin

Forenames

Inácio variant of Ignatius. ***Of uncertain origin. Often claimed an Etruscan-Latinised derivation but probably Pre-Roman Iberian, Celtiberian or Basque see* Íñigo, Íñaki

Variants: Egnatius, Iñaki, Ignasi, Ignác, Ignaas, Iggy, Ignace, Ignatz, Ignác, Ignazio, Ignas, Ignacy, Ignatiy, Ignac, Ignacij, Nace, Ignacio, Nacho, Nacio

Vasco derived from Basque "belasko", 'small raven'
Xavier, from Basque Xabier, from etxe berri, meaning 'new house' or 'new home'
Ximeno, a variant of the medieval Basque given name Semen, root seme < senbe 'son' as found in the ancient Aquitanian name Sembetten, attested form "sehi" as 'child', hypothetical ancient root *seni
Surnames
Galarça, from Basque "galartza", 'abundant in dead wood'
García, from Basque "gartzia", 'the young'
Mendonça is a common Portuguese and Old Galician variant of Spanish surname Mendoza. The name derives from Basque mendi and otz.
Veiga from old Basque *baika, bai "river"
Velasco derived from Basque "belasko", 'small raven'
Ximenes, son of Ximeno. From a variant of the medieval Basque given name Semen, root seme < senbe 'son' as found in the ancient Aquitanian name Sembetten, attested form "sehi" as 'child', hypothetical ancient root *seni
Celtic">Celtic languages">Celtic

Although there is not a comprehensive study or wordcount on how much Celtic, survived in Portuguese ; it is fair to say that after Latin, this is the second largest component in the Portuguese culture and language. Projections on Celtic vocabulary, toponyms and derivations in Portuguese, indicate well over 1,500 words. The Celtic substratum is often overlooked, due to the strong Latinisation of Celtic-derived words in Portuguese.

List of Portuguese words of Celtic origin

Placenames

Abrantes,
Abrunhosa-a-Velha,
Arouca
Aveiro,
Braga,
Braganza,
Bidoeira,
Briteiros,
Coimbra,
Menir de Forjães,
Menir do Castelo,
Cabanas de Viriato,
Dólmen da Pedreira,
Borba,
Bouçã, Bouças, Bouçoães,
Brejo,
Britelo,
Caminha,
Cantanhede,
Carvalhos, Carvalhosa, Carvalhal, Carvalhais, Carvalha, Carvalheira, Carvalhoa,
Cerva, Cervaínhos, Cerval, Cervanha, Cervão, Cervas, Cerveira, Cerveiro, Cervela, Cervelhe, Cervelhos, Cervetelos, Cervicol, Cervinho,
Casal de Cambra,
Coruche, *Crato,
Amieira, Amieiro, Vale do Amieiro,
Évora,
Gouvães do Douro, Gouveia,
Lagos,
Lajeosa do Dão,
Lamego,
Lapa, Lapa do Lobo,
Leiria,
Lousã,
Luso,
Maia,
Minho,
Nóbrega,
Penalva
Penela
Penedono
Setúbal,
Sintra,
St Antão do Tojal, São Julião do Tojal, Tojo, Tojeiro, Tojeira, * Vale de Cambra,
Vargem, Monte das Vargens,
Vidoeira,
Xabregas

and many others.

Rivers

Ardila,
Arda,
Arouca,
Cavalum,
Douro,
Lima,
Minho,
Tâmega.

Even the apparently Mozarabic river 'Guadiana' derives from the ancient Celtic Anas river, with 'Guadi' added in the Middle-Ages.

Names

Forenames

Artur, derived from the Celtic elements artos "bear" combined with viros "man" or rigos "king". Used in Catalan, Czech, Estonian, Galician, German, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Swedish, with the same spelling. Variants= : Arthur, Tuur Artturi, Arto, Arttu, Artúr, Arturo, Artūrs, Tuur, Artūras, Artair, Arturo
Breno, Latinised form of an ancient Celtic name that possibly meant either "king, prince" or "raven".
Brígida, which means 'exalted one'. Variants: Breda, Bríd, Bride, Brighid, Brigid, Bridgette, Brighid, Brigid, Brigit. Also: Brigita, Birgit, Birgitta, Birgitte, Berit, Birte, Birthe, Brita, Britt, Britta, Gitte, Brigitta, Birita, Birgitta, Piritta, Brita, Pirjo, Pirkko, Priita, Riitta, Brigitte, Brigitta, Brigitte, Gitta, Brigitta, Brigida, Brigita, Breeshey, Birgit, Birgitta, Birgitte, Berit, Brit, Brita, Britt, Britta, Brygida, Brigita, Brigida, Birgit, Birgitta, Berit, Brita, Britt, Britta, Gittan, Ffraid
Genoveva, from Genovefa, a Gaulish name possibly meaning "tribe woman". Rare, variants: Geneviève, Genevieve, Genoveffa, Genowefa, Genoveva
Lusitânia or Lusitana probably of Celtic origin: 'Lus and Tanus', "tribe of Lusus", connecting the name with the personal Celtic name Luso and with the god Lugh.
Nelson also Nélson from the Gaelic name Niall, which is of disputed origin, possibly meaning "champion" or "cloud". This was the name of a semi-legendary 4th-century Irish king, Niall of the Nine Hostages. In the early Middle Ages the name was adopted by Viking raiders and settlers in Ireland in the form Njal.
Óscar derived from Gaelic "deer" and cara "friend", possibly means "deer friend". Variants: Òscar, Oskari, Osku, Oskar, Oszkár, Oscar, Óskar, Oskars, Oskar, Oskar, Óscar
Tristão from Pictish "Drustan", derived from Celtic drest meaning "riot" or "tumult". This name was borne by several kings of the Picts, including their last king Drust X, who ruled in the 9th century. Variants: Drest, Tristan, Tristan, Tristen, Tristin, Triston, Tristram, Tristan, Tristán, Drystan, Tristan, Trystan
Viriato, from Ancient Celtic 'viriae' "bracelets". Viriathus was a leader of the Lusitani who rebelled against Roman rule in the 2nd century BC. This name is historically unique to Portugal.
Surnames

A considerable number of the Portuguese surnames is Celtic or of Latinised, Celtic-borrowings. This is not a comprehensive list of those.

A

Abranches Gaulish from 'Abrincate' cognate of Breton *ambrouga 'to lead' or Welsh *hebryngydd, hebryngiad 'leader, guide' + suffix "ate"
Abrantes from Proto-Celtic 'Arantis' or Latin 'Aurantes'
Abrunhosa, Abrunheiro Latinised aprūnum, from Celtic *agrīnio
Albon, Albor, Alboeira, Alva, Alvão, Alvainha, Alvim, Alvina, Alvino, Alvor, Alvorada, Alvozedo from proto-Celtic *Albiū, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *albʰós
Amieiro, Ameira, Amieira from *abon 'river'
Arouca, Aroucas, Arouquela Latinised from Celtic *arauca
B
Bacelar,, Bacel, Bacelo from Celtic *baccos 'young man, lad' akin to Gaulish and Breton bach
Barreto also Barrete from Proto-Celtic *birros 'short coat with a hood'
Bico, Bicudo, also Bica, Bicalho, from Proto-Celtic *bekko 'beak, kiss', cognate of Italian becco, French bec.
Borba, from Proto-Celtic *borwâ 'mud, slime, mucus'
Bouça, Bouças, Boiça, Bouçada, Bouchinhas probably from Proto-Celtic *baudea-, *baud- smear
Braga, Bragadesto, Bragão, Bragante, Bragues, Brai, Braia, Braieira from Celtic *braco 'hoop iron, small fortification'

and Iberia

Bragança toponymic, also synonymous with the House of Braganza, from Bregança or Bragancia, from Brigantia Proto-Celtic *bhr̥g'hntī, berg'h high, lofty, elevated
Brenha from Celtic *brigna < *briga- 'high, hill'
Brites from Celtic *brig- / brigo- / briga 'great, high, eminent' also relating to Brigantia the Celtic deity
Brito from Celtic 'brìgh' < Proto-Celtic *brīgos 'strength'
Brochado from Celtic *brokko-
C
Cabanelas, Cabanas, Cabana, from Celtic *cab 'hut'
Calhau, from proto-Celtic *ca-la cognate of French caillou 'pebble'
Camba, Cambão from Celtic *kambos- bent
Caminha, Caminho Latinised *cammīnus, from proto-Celtic *kanxsman 'step'
Canastra, from Old French 'banaste', from Celtic *benna- 'straw-basket'
Canto, Canteiro from Proto-Celtic *kanto 'rim'
Cangas, Cangueiro from Celtic *kambika 'collar, yoke'
Carpinteiro from Proto-Celtic *carbanto ' chariot, wooden box'
Carqueijo, Carquejo, Carqueja 'gorse', from Celtic *carcasia, *querquesia, or similar.< Indo-European *pérkus|*pérkus ~ *pr̥kʷéu-|t=oak. Compare pre-Roman tribal name
Carvalho, Carvalhal, Carvalheira, Carvalhão, Carvalhinho, Carvalhosa, Carvalheda from cassīcos, from Celtic *cassos 'curly, twisted'
Cavaleiro from Celtic-Gaulish *caballos < cabō 'work horse'
Cerveja also Cervejaria from Vulgar Latin *cerevisia derived from Gaulish Cognates: Old French cervoise, Provençal, Spanish cerveza; akin to Old Irish coirm, Welsh cwrw, Breton korev.
Charrua, Charruadas also Charraz, from Celtic *carros-
Coelho, Coelhos, Coelhoso also Coelha, Coelhas, from Irish coinân, Cornish conyn, Manx coneeyn, Gaelic coineanach, Welsh cwningen, alternatively from Celtiberian *cun-icos 'little dog'
Colmeia, from a Celtic form *kolmēnā 'made of straw', from *kolmos 'straw', which gave Leonese cuelmo; cf. Welsh calaf "reed, stalk", Cornish kalav "straw", Breton kolo "stalk").
Coimbra, from Celtic Connimbriga 'city of the Conii' or Cynetes people
Contreiras, from Celtiberian 'Kontebria' the Sun goddess
Correia, Corrêa from Gallo-Latin corrigia 'strap'; akin to Old Irish cuimrech "fetter", Irish 'creasa', Scottish cuibhreach "bond, chain", 'crios', Welsh cyfrwy "saddle", Middle Welsh kyfreieu "leashes", Cornish kevrenn "fastening, link", Breton kevre "link, bond"
Curral, from Celtic *korro 'corral, pen, corner'
D, E, F
, Dorne, Dornes, Dornalha from proto-Celtic *durno
Faia, Faial, Faião, Faiardo, Faias from Latin loanword 'fagea', from proto-Celtic *bagos 'beech tree'
G, H, I, J, K
Galante, Galhardo also Galharde, from Celtic *gal- force, via Gaulish *galia-
Garça, Garção, Garcês also Garcez, from Celtic *cárcia akin to Breton kerc'heiz, Cornish kerghydh 'egret'
Garra, Garracho, Garrão, Garraio, from *garra 'leg, claw'
Gouveia toponymic, via Gaulish *guvia from Proto-Celtic *gulb-
L
Lage, Lages, Laginha also Laginhas from the medieval form lagena, from proto-Celtic *ɸlāgenā, cognate of Old Irish lágan, láigean, Welsh llain 'broad spearhead, blade'; akin to Irish láighe 'mattock, spade'.
Lagos from Celtic toponymic Laccobriga
Lança also Lanças, from Gaulish *lancea- 'to launch, to throw '
Lanes also Lande, Landes, Delannes and Delanes originally a French toponymic from Proto-Celtic *landā
Lapa, Lapinha, Lapas, Lapenha from Proto-Celtic *lappa, akin to Irish Gaelic lapa 'paw, flipper' and Polish łapa 'paw, flipper, mutton fist'
Lemos, from Prot-Celtic *lemo- 'elm-tree'
Leira, Leirão also Leirião, Leirio, Leiro, Leiria, Leirosa from Proto-Celtic *ɸlāryo- 'floor'
Lima, Limes, Limeira, Limas from Proto-Celtic *leim- 'mud, silt'
Lousa, Louza, Lousão, Lousã, Lousado, Louzado, Loisa, Lousano, also Lousan, Lousada from Proto-Celtic *laws
M, N
Magalhães, also Magalhaes and Magalhã from Celtic magal ‘great, grandiose’. Toponymic of towns with the same name.
Menino, from medieval mennino, from proto-Celtic *menno-, akin to Old Irish menn 'kid ', Irish meannán, Welsh myn, Breton menn.
Minhoca, from medieval form *milocca, from Proto-Celtic *mîlo-, akin to Asturian milu, merucu 'earthworm', Irish míol 'worm, maggot', Welsh, Breton mil 'animal'
Navio, Nave, Naves from Celtic *nauo-
O, P, Q, R
Raia also Raiano, from Celtic *rica- 'furrow, line'
Rego, also Rêgo from proto-Celtic *ɸrikā 'furrow, ditch', akin to Welsh rhych, Breton reg, Scottish/Irish riach 'trace left from something'; cognate of French raie, Occitan, Catalan rega, Basque erreka, Italian riga 'wrinkle'.
Ruão, from proto-Celtic *roudos 'red, russet'; akin to Irish Gaelic 'rua' or Breton 'ruz'.
Rocha, also Rochas, Rochel from old Breton *roc'h, with Latin loanword rocca 'rock, stone'
Rodovalho from Celtic *rodo-ball-jo
S
Seara, also Seareiro, Senra, from medieval senara, a Celtic compound of *seni- 'apart, separated' and *aro- 'ploughed field'..
Saboga, from Celtic *sabauca' or *sabŏlos, see also "sável"
Seabra, Celtiberian toponymic of sena-briga, of which *briga means 'castro/fortress'
T
Tojal, Tojeira, Tojeiro, from Celtic *togi 'furze'
Trancão, Trancoso, Travanca, Trave from *tarankā- 'pole, nail'
Tristão from Celtic *drest 'riot'
Truta, from Celtic *tructa- freshwater fish of the salmon family. Cognate of French truite, English trout, Catalan truita, Spanish trucha, Italian trota.
U, V, W, X, Y, Z
Vargas, Vargem, Vargieiras from Celtic *barga; cognate of middle-Irish, old-Fr. *barc, 'wooden house', 'moorland'
Vassalo Latinised 'vassalum' from proto-Celtic *wasto-, cognate of French vassal, Spanish vasallo, Middle Irish foss 'servant', Welsh gwas 'servant; lad', Breton gwaz
Viriato from Ancient Celtic 'viriae' "bracelets". This exists as both Christian name and surname and is historically unique to Portugal.
Xabregas from toponymic 'Axabriga'
General vocabulary
abanqueiro 'waterfall' < *' dam', formally a derivative in -arium of *abanco, from Proto-Celtic *abankos 'beaver, water demon' cognate of Old Irish abacc 'dwarf', Welsh afanc 'beaver, dwarf', Breton avank 'dwarf, sea monster'. Akin also to Arpitan avans 'wicker'.
alauda 'lark', Latin borrowing 'alauda' from Gaulish *alauda 'skylark', cognate of French alouette, Walloon alôye, Provençal alauza, alauseta, Catalan alosa, alova, Spanish alondra, Italian allodola, lodola.
álamo 'poplar', from Celtic *lēmos 'elm', cognate of Asturian llamera, Irish leamhán, Welsh llwyfen, Spanish álamo.

alameda lane, avenue, alamedar to plant trees in a lane, avenue

alvo 'white', from Celtic albo* 'white'.

alvura whiteness, alvorada dawn, alvor light, whiteness, alvorecer daybreak.

amieiro 'common alder', *likely a derivative in -arium of *abona 'river', related to Breton avon, Welsh afon, Irish abha/abhainn 'river'.

amieiral alder woods, amieira young alder tree or hand-basket made of alder or chestnut shoots. A Galician suggestion points to another Celtic voice “ameia”

arpente also arpento 'arpent acre' Latin borrowing likely from Gaulish *arpen, cognate of French arpent, akin to Old Irish airchenn 'short mete, bound ; end, extremity', Welsh arbenn 'chief'
abater 'to knock down, to lower' from Vulgar Latin abbattuere to demolish, knock down, overthrow: from ad- + Latin battuere, see bater below. The d is assimilated to the b in battuere from older Celtic.
abrolho 'sprout, thorn, thicket, rocky surfaces just under water, keys', from Celtic *brogilos 'copse',.

abrolhar 'to cover with thorns, to sprout, to get covered in spots, blisters, to sprout', abrolhamento 'to fence smthg with thorns, cover with sprouts, to cause hardship', desabrolhar 'to sprout, to bloom, to blossom'.

abrunho/abrunheiro 'sloe', from Vulgar Latin *aprūneu, from Latin prūnum, under the influence of Celtic *agrīnio; akin to Irish áirne, Welsh eirin 'plum'; cognate of Occitan agranhon, Provençal agreno, Catalan aranyó, Aragonese arañon.
albóio 'window-pane, skylight, from *arbowyo, from Proto-Celtic *ɸare-bow-yo- akin to Old Irish airbe 'covered, enclosed'.
anzol 'little hook, fish hook', from *ankiolo < *h₂ṇk-y-olo, Asturian anzuelu
atol a muddy place, bog: from atolar "to dirty to soil," from a- + tol "mire, muddy place" + the verbal infinitive suffix -ar.

atoleiro, atoladoiro, atoladouro 'bog', atolado 'to get swamped, to get bogged down', atoladiço 'place or person with the quality to get swamp/get bogged down'

bacelo 'young vine', from Celtic *baccos- 'young man, lad' akin to Gaulish and Breton bach

baceleiro 'young vine nursery, man who specialises in planting new vines', bacelar , abacelar 'to plant and tender to new vines', abacelamento 'the act of sorting out young vines ', bacharelato 'baccalaureat, university degree', Latinised from *baccalaris- person of lower rank or young cadet, bacharel 'same as baccalaureat, chatter-box, chatty or witty person', bacharelar 'to talk too much', bacharelice, bacharelismo 'habit of chatting too much or for too long', barcelo 'white grape variety from Northern Portugal'

bacia 'basin', Latinised borrowing 'baccinum< baccia, from Gaulish *bacca- 'burden, load to bear' cognate of French bassin, Provençal bachè, bacha 'large vat', Amognard bassie 'sink', akin to Irish/Scots Gaelic bac 'hindrance, heed', Welsh baich 'load, burden', Cornish begh 'load, burden', Breton bec'h 'burden, toil'.

bacia-hidrográfica, bacia-fluvial 'catchment basin, watershed, catchment area', sub-bacia 'sub-catchment basin', bacio 'chamber-pot', baciada 'contents of a basin, pot'.

badalo 'bell, penis' from Latinised 'battua'< Gaul. *bathu < Celt. *bathi or *baeti

abadalar or badalar, 'to ring a bell, to jabber, to gossip or chat away'.

badalhoco 'filthy, untidy, sexually promiscuous, pig' Latinised 'battua+culum' < Gaul. *bathu < Celt. *bathi 'beat, strike'
balaia also balaio 'small straw-basket' via Old French baleen 'broom ', from Gaul *balatno, metathesis of *banatlo, cognate of Breton balannen, Scots-Gaelic bealaidh, Irish beallaidh, Welsh banadl, Cornish banadhel, Asturian baléu
bálano 'barnacle, gland' from Gaulish *barenica 'limpet', akin to French balane and barnache, Irish báirneach, Scots-Gaelic bàirneach, Welsh brennig, Cornish brennik, Breton bernig, brennig
banzo 'crossbar, beam, parapet, balustrade, nostalgia' from Proto-Celtic *wankio-'beam'.

banzeiro 'moving gently, wind gusts', banzear 'to move gently'

barco 'boat, ship' from Proto-Celtic *barga-, loanward into Latin bargo, 'boat'.
barca 'small seagoing vessel', from proto-Celtic *barga- 'boat', from Old French 'barge', Old Provençal 'barca'.

barcaça, barça, barcagem, barcada, 'barge, shallow boat with a sail', 'freight', 'boatload'; from Gaulish *barge-, cognate old Provençal 'barca', Medieval Latin loanword from Celtic 'barga'. Maybe from Greek 'baris' "Egyptian boat," from Coptic 'bari' "small boat." Meaning "flat-bottomed freight boat" dates from late 15c.

bardo 'bard, poet' from Proto-Celtic *bardos- 'bard, poet' cognate of French 'barde', Scottish Gaelic 'bard', Irish 'bard', Catalan 'bard'.
barra 'garret, loft, upper platform', from proto-Celtic *barro-, cognate of Irish, Breton barr 'summit, peak, top', Welsh bar.

barrote 'wooden beam'

barrete 'hood', from Celtic or Gaulish *birros-'short coat with a hood'.

barretada 'greeting someone with your hat', barrete-de-clérigo 'fortification or building work composed of three protruding angles and two sinking ones', enfiar o barrete 'to mislead or deceive someone'.

barulho 'noise, confusion, turmoil' from Gaulish *bruge- 'to troat', akin to French bruit, barouf, Welsh broch 'din, tumult', Breton bruchell 'roar, bellow', Scots-Gaelic broiglich 'noise', broighleadh 'turmoil'; Irish brúcht 'belch'.

barulhento 'noisy', barulhar 'to confuse, to deceive', barulheira, barulhada 'disruptive noise, tumult, turmoil'

bater 'to beat, to beat up, to win over' Latinised *battuere from Gaulish *battu, bathu-* 'I beat', akin to Welsh bathu 'to coin, mint ', Celtic bathi 'to mint '.

combate 'combat, fight', combater 'to fight', combatante 'combatant, fighter', combativo 'combative, contentious', abater 'to strike, to shoot down, to kill with a gun', debate 'debate', debater 'to debate, to discuss', batalhar 'to fight, to battle', batalha 'battle', batalhão 'battalion', batalhador, batalhante 'fighter, combative'.

batuta 'an orchestra conductor's baton': from Italian battuta, from battere, from Latin battere, battuerre, see bater above.
beiço 'snout, animal's mouth', from Proto-Celtic *beiccion- or *baykkyon- "animal's mouth/snort", from *baicciō "to yell"; akin to Old Irish béccim, Irish béic 'yell, roar', Scottish beuc, Welsh beichio 'to low, sob', Cornish begi 'to bray', Breton begiad 'to bleat', Spanish bezo 'big lip'.

gaita-de-beiços 'harmonica, panpipe', beiçola, beiça, beiçorra all to do with 'mouth', there are several popular expressions like: fazer beicinho 'pout', 'pucker', or andar pelo beiço 'to have a crush on someone', beiçudo 'thick-lipped, big-mouth person or animal'.

berço 'cradle', from Gaulish *bertu 'I rock', Old French *berta 'load', cognate of French berceau, Provençal bressà 'to rock', brès 'cradle', Irish beartaim 'I rock', beárt 'load, action'; further to Old Irish brith, breth 'carrying, judgment', Middle Welsh bryd 'thought, mind, intent', Cornish brys 'thought'.

berçário, new-born ward, 'nursery', berceiro 'lazy man'.

betume 'putty', from Celtic *betu- derived from Indo-European *gwetu- with the labialisation of 'gw' into 'b' typical of Celtic, which meant resin. The Latin 'bitumen' is very likely borrowed from the older Celtic 'betu-'.
bezerro 'year old veal', Uncertain: from Proto-Celtic *bicurru- or Iberian *ibicurri- or Latin *Ibex- "wild goat"
bétula 'birch', from Gaulish *betuo-, derivation from *betu- 'woods, forest', cognate of Gaelic 'beith', Cornish 'betho', Breton 'bezo, bedwen', Welsh 'bedw, bedwen'.
bico 'beak, kiss', from Proto-Celtic *bekko-, cognate of Italian becco, French bec.

bicar 'to kiss', debicar 'pecking'.

bilha, 'spigot; stick' to Proto-Celtic *beljo- 'tree, trunk', akin to Old Irish bille 'large tree, tree trunk', Manx billey 'tree', Welsh pill 'stump', Breton pil; cognate of French bille 'log, chunk of wood'.
bode 'billy-goat, male goat' from Proto-Celtic *bukko- akin to French bouc, loanword into Dutch bok.
bodalho also godalho 'male goat, messy or careless person, loose woman', from Celtic *ghaidos 'happiness, folly'.
boi 'bull, male cow' Latinised form, from Celtic *bou 'cow'.

boi-cavalo yak, boieiro cow herder, cowboy, garça-boieira cattle-egret, boiuno bovine.

borba 'mud, slime, mucus', from proto-Celtic *borwâ-, cognate of French bourbe 'mud'; akin to Irish borb 'mud, slime', bearbh 'boiling', Welsh berw 'boiling', Breton berv 'broth, bubbling'.

borbotar , 'to blossom, to bloom', borbulhar 'to burble, to boil', borbulha 'bubble, spot, pimple', borbulhante 'bubbly'.

borne 'terminal, metal part of an electrical circuit that connects to an external electrical circuit, inner bark of a tree, lukewarm' from Proto-Celtic *botina 'troop', akin to Old Irish buiden and Welsh byddin 'army'.

bornear 'to align an object with the view, generally closing one eye, to put a gun/weapon to aim, i.e.: to aim a cannon'.

bosta , 'excrement from cows and any animal feces, dung, muck, colloquial-derogatory: someone who is a coward, nonsense, shit'.

bostal 'corral for cattle', bostar 'to expel dung, to say very unpleasant or sickening things', bostear , embostear , embostar 'to cover with dung or manure, to dirty something', bosteiro 'dung-beetle, lamellicorn beetle'.

bouça , touça , boiça , toiça 'land with overgrown vegetation i.e. gorse, broom, heather', possibly from Proto-Celtic *baudea-, *baud- 'smear'
braço 'arm', from proto-Celtic *brac- 'arm', loanword into Latin 'brachium' and Greek βραχίων 'brakhíôn'; cognate of French 'bras', Welsh 'braich', Breton 'brec'h'.

braça, braçada, abraço, abraçar ; 'tree-branch', 'breaststroke', 'hug, embrace', 'to embrace, to hug'. See further list of derived words:

* antebraço 'forearm'
* antebraquial 'forearm'
* avambraço 'forearm'
* braço-curto
* braço-de-armas
* braço-de-ferro
* braço-de-mono
* braço-de-preguiça
* braço-forte
* braquio
* cana-de-braço
* guarda-braço
* quebra-de-braço
* queda-de-braço
* rebraço
* violão-sem-braço

There are numerous other Portuguese expressions and colloquialisms deriving from the word '

braça 'treelimb, branch' Latin borrowing branca 'paw', from Gaulish *vranca- cognate of French branche, Breton brank, branc'h 'bough, antlers', Scots-Gaelic bràc 'branch, antler; reindeer'
braga ' Hoop iron that held the fetter, male type of trouser, wall that served as a fortification junk, type of naval crane to lift and move weights, small four-string type of guitar'. From *braco-, cognate of Galician, Spanish, Occitan braga, French braie, Italian brache.

braguilha 'trouser-flier, braguinha 'small guitar', bragal 'coarse fabric whose plot is cord, underclothes, old measurement for land demarcation: Portion of a farm which served as the unit price in certain contracts, set of bucks and fetter', desbragar 'to make dissolute, profligate, to drop your buckles', desbragado 'riotous, foul-mouthed, indecorous, libertine, dissolute, immoral', desbragadamente 'indecorously', desbragamento 'riotous quality, ribaldry, impropriety, Bracarense 'relating to Braga, native of that city', brácaro 'a person native of Braga', bracamarte 'old claymore sword which was swung with both hands'.

bravo 'brave, daring, wild' from Gaulish *bragos 'show-off', akin to French brave, Italian bravo 'bold', Occitan/Catalan brau 'wild', Irish breá, Scots Gaelic brèagh, Cornish bray, Breton braga 'to strut around'.

bravura , braveza bravery, courage, desbravar 'to pave, to clear, to trace out', bravio 'untamed, ferocious, undomesticated, rude', braviamente ' in a daring, brave, courageous way or manner'

brejo 'marsh, marshland, moor' from Celtic *vroikos- akin to French 'bruyère', old Gaulish 'brucus', Breton 'brug' Welsh 'grug', Irish and Scottish Gaelic 'fraoch', Galician 'breixo', Occitan 'bruga'.

bregiais, bregieira, bregieiros, bregio, breja, brejão, brejeira, brejenjas, brejinho, brejioso, brejoeira, brejões, brejos all relating to 'marsh, marshlands, moors', and also brejeiro, brejeirice, brejeirar , 'meaning naughty person, slightly saucy or cocky talk or behaviour'.

brenha 'thick bush' from Celtic *brigna- hill.

embrenhar 'to go deep into a bush or forest, figurative: to go deep in thought', embrenhado 'someone who is lost in a deep forest or in thought, concentrating on smthg'.

brim 'fabric, thread, brime' via Fra. 'brin' < Breton *brienen-
brio 'pride, courage, might, power', from Italian brio, from Catalan/Old Occitan briu 'wild', from Celtic *brigos, cognate of Occitan briu, Old French brif 'finesse, style'; akin to Old Irish bríg 'power', Welsh bri 'prestige, authority', Breton bri 'respect'.

brioso 'proud, brave, exuberant', briosamente 'proudly, with dignity', desbrio 'lacking pride or courage, a cowardly act', desbrioso 'someone who acts without pride, a coward, a wimp'

brita 'grit, stone, gravel' from Proto-Celtic *brīgos 'strength', akin to Old Irish bríg 'force, power, value, Scots-Gaelic brìgh 'strength', Welsh bri 'honour, esteem'.

britar 'to grit, to crush', britadeira 'stone-breaker, trimmer, crusher ', britamento 'act of crushing, grinding', britador 'person who crushes stone, crusher, trimmer, stamp'

Britânico , from Latin loanword britannicus, from Britannia; akin to Welsh pryd "form", Irish cruth
broche , 'brooch', clasp, clip, fastener: from Old French broche "a spit," from Vulgar Latin brocca "a nail, spike," from Latin broccus, brocchus "a nail, projecting, buck-toothed " loanword from Celtic brokko- "a pin, badger."

desabrochar 'to blossom, to unfasten', desabrochamento 'blooming, efflorescence, full development'.

broca 'drill, skewer, skew-diver, sharp pointed object' from Gaulish *brocca, akin to French broche 'drill, skewer' Scots-Gaelic brog 'awl; to prod', Welsh procio 'to poke, thrust', Irish broc, Welsh broch, Breton broc'h, Asturian bruecu.

brocar also broquear 'to drill, to sever', brocante 'with a drilling quality'

brócolos or brócolis 'broccoli'

originates from Gaulish brixtia

bruxa 'witch, sorcerer', Latinised *bruxtia, from Gaulish *brixtia-, akin to Old French brixtu 'charms, spells' Middle Welsh brithron 'magic wand', Breton bre 'witch, magic', breoù 'spells, charms', Old Irish brichtu 'spells', brigim 'to light up, illuminate', Brigit 'shining'.

Derivatives:bruxaria, bruxedo 'witchcraft, sorcery', bruxulear,'flicker, shimmera luz bruxuleia= the light shimmers', bruxo 'clairvoyant'
buscar 'to search, to look for smtgh or someone', *uncertain but possibly from Proto-Celtic *boudi- 'to win, to achieve' from Indo-European *bhudh-skō. Akin to Welsh 'budd'.
busca 'search'
bunda 'bottom, bum ' from Gaulish. bunda 'base, bottom', cognate of French bonde, Old Irish bunud, Scots-Gaelic bonn 'foundation', Welsh bonedd 'base, foundation'
cabana 'hut' Proto-Celtic *cab-
cabine, cabina cabin, gabinete office, telecabine cable-car, pessoal de cabine cabin-crew.

cabra 'goat' Latinised 'capra' from Celtic *gabro-. Well attested in G PNN, Gabrus, Gabrius, Gabar, etc.. Formation *kpro- IEW 529. ACPN: 79-80; PNPG, Celtic Elements, s.v.; RGC: 172–73. Note that not all LNN in gabro- are by default Celtic; see A. Falileyev, Celtic presence in Dobrudja: Onomastic evidence, in Ethnic Contacts and Cultural Exchanges North and West of the Black Sea from Greek Colonization to the Ottoman Conquest, 296–303.

cadeira 'chair' often claimed as Latin cathedra loanword from Greek καθέδρα 'cathedral'; is however very likely from Proto-Celtic *cathair- 'chair, seat', akin to Welsh cadair Cornish kador, Breton kador, Irish cathaoir, Scottish Gaelic cathair, Manx caair.

cadeira-de-braços 'armchair', cadeira-de-rodas 'wheelchair', cadeira de escritório 'office-chair', cadeirão 'sofa'

cais 'quay, jetty', maybe from French quai, from proto-Celtic *kag-yo-, akin to Welsh cae, Cornish ke, Breton kae 'hedge'; French chai 'cellar'.
calhau 'pebble, stone', from Celtic *caliavo- cognate of French caillou, Piccardie caillau, Poitou chail, Provençal calado, Asturian cayuela, Welsh caill, Cornish kell, Breton kell, kall, Irish caull 'testicle'.

calhoada 'cairn'

camba 'wheel rim' from proto-Celtic *kambo-, cognate of Old Irish camm 'crooked, bent, curved'. Cognate of Occitan cambeta 'part of plough', Limousin Occitan chambija 'part of plough'.

cambada, cambeira 'coil; crooked log for hanging fish', cambela 'type of plough', cambota 'beam', encambar 'to string, to entangle', cambo 'pole, bent', cambaio, cambão 'crooked, lame', cambar 'to change, to alter, to move direction ', cambalhota 'tumble, gambol', cambalhotar 'to caper, to tumble'.
câmbio 'foreign exchange, Forex' Latin borrowing from Gaulish *cambion 'exchange', cognate of French change, Breton kemm 'exchange', Old Irish cimb 'ransom' Spanish/Italian cambio, Asturian cambéu 'exchange'.
cambiar 'to exchange currencies', cambista 'Foreign Exchange agent or trader', cambiante 'changing, or with the ability to change colours'
camboa 'trap, hole dug for capturing fish trapped at low tide', from Celtic *combā 'valley' or *cambos 'bent'.
cambueira 'fishing net used for low tide catch', from Celtic *combā 'valley' or *cambos 'bent'.

caminho 'pathway', from Vulgar Latin *cammīnus, from proto-Celtic *kanxsman-, cognate of Italian cammino, French chemin, Spanish camino, Catalan camí, Occitan camin, Old Irish céimm, Breton cam 'step'.

caminhar 'to walk', caminhada 'walk, journey', caminhante, caminheiro 'hiker, walker, someone who loves to walk, pilgrim', caminheira 'sort of locomotive used in road transportation', caminhável 'area or place adept/safe to walk'

camisa 'shirt' from Latin, from Gaulish camisia. cognate of Spanish/Occitan camisa, Italian camicia, French chainse.

camisola 'jersey', camiseta 'undershirt, singlet', camisa-de-dormir 'nightgown', camisa-de-Venus or camisinha 'condom'
camurça 'chamois, suede, fawn' Latinised 'camox' from Celtic *kamoke, akin to French 'chamois'.
acamurçado, camurçado 'made of suede, suede-like', acamurçar , encamurçar 'to cover with leather, to die or treat leather making it look like suede', camurcina 'suedette'

canapé 'Canapé' from Latin 'canāpēum' mosquito net, from Old French *conopé- 'small-size open sandwich'
canastra 'basket, large basket' from Old French 'banaste', from Celtic *benna- 'straw-basket'.

canastrada 'basket load, contents in a basket', canastrão 'big basket, pejorative for bad acting or public performance', canastreiro 'someone who makes straw baskets as a trade, canastrel 'small basket with a handle and cover', canastrice 'poor performance or show'.

candado, cando dry tree-branch, stick or trunk, horse hoof, from Celtic *kando- 'bright, white', cognate of Welsh cann 'bright, light'
canga 'collar, yoke', from Celtic *kambika.
cangaço, also engaço 'grape stalk, rachis' from Celtic *cambĭca 'bent wood', der. from *cambos 'bent, round'; cf. Welsh kamek.
cangaceiro 'bandit, outlaw' from Celtic *cambĭca 'bent wood', der. from *cambos 'bent, round'; cf. Welsh kamek.
cangalha 'shoulder yoke, saddle yoke', from Celtic *kambika.
cangalheta 'rustic saddle, horse saddle', from Celtic *kambika.
cangalho 'worthless, trashy person or worn out animal', from Celtic *kambika.

canto 'rim, corner', from proto-Celtic *kanto-, akin to Old Irish cét 'round stone pillar, Welsh cant 'tire rim', Breton kant 'disk'; cognate of Old French chant, Occitan cant.

cantoneiro 'road worker', cantonar 'railway traffic control', recanto 'corner', cantinho 'small corner', Cantão, Cantonal 'Swiss Canton, relating to Canton's legal affairs or government, acantoar or acantonar 'to hide, to isolate', canteiro 'vegetable plot, flowerbed, border', acanteirar, encanteirar 'to place/arrange in pods', encanteirado 'in a pod', cantonado 'engraved corner '.

caroço 'fruit core, pip, kernel', from *karosio < *kr_o-o-syo, related with Celtic *karīso ‘fruit core’, asturian caruezu and Latin carīna ‘nut shell’.
carqueja, carqueijeira 'gorse', from Celtic *carcasia, *querquesia, or similar.< Indo-European *pérkus|*pérkus ~ *pr̥kʷéu-|t=oak. Compare pre-Roman tribal name.
carquilha 'wrinkle, crinkle, furrow', from Celtic *carquila.

encarquilhar 'to crinkle', encarquilhado 'wrinkled, with deep wrinkles'.

carro 'cart, wagon', from Vulgar Latin carrum, from proto-Celtic *karro-, cognate of Rumanian car, Italian carro, French char, Provençal car, Spanish carro; akin to Irish carr, Welsh car, Breton karr.

carroça 'cart', carregar 'to load', acarretar, acartar 'to cart, to carry', carreta 'cart', carrear 'to guide animals in a cart, to drive', carroçaria 'bodywork', carruagem 'carriage', carreto 'load', carrinha 'van', carro-de-mão 'wheelbarrow', carrossel 'carousel', charrete 'carriage, horsecart'.
carvalho 'common oak' from *cassīcos, from Celtic *cassos 'curly, twisted', akin to Irish cas 'twist, turn, spin', Old Welsh cascord 'to twist'; cognate of Asturian caxigu, Aragonese caixico, Gascon casse, French chêne 'oak'.
carvalhal 'oak woods', carvalha, carvalheira, carvalheiro, carvalhiça, carvalhinha all related to different oak-tree sizes

caixigo 'oak; Portuguese oak', from *cassīcos, from Celtic *cassos 'curly, twisted', akin to Irish cas 'twist, turn, spin', Old Welsh cascord 'to twist'; cognate of Asturian caxigu, Aragonese caixico, Gascon casse, French chêne 'oak'.
carpinteiro 'carpenter', from Proto-Celtic *carbanto- ' chariot, wooden box'.

carpintaria 'carpentry', carpintar and carpintejar 'to do wood-works', carpinteiragem 'carpentry works'.
cavalo 'horse' Latinised *caballus 'nag', from Gaul. *caballos-, variant of cabillos 'work horse, nag', dim. of cabō akin to Fr. cheval, It. cavallo, Sp. caballo, Rum cal; Germ Kōb 'nag', Mantuan kaval, Welsh ceffyl, Breton kefel, Irish capall, Manx cabbyl.
cavalaria 'cavalry', cavaleiro 'horse ridder', cavalheiro 'gentleman', cavalheirismo 'chivalry', cavalinho 'little horse', cavalgar 'to ride', cavala 'mackerel', cavalgadura 'a horse, mule or ass you can ride, someone rude or beastly'.

centola, santola 'European spider crab', akin to Gaulish personal name CINTULLOS 'the first one', from PCl *kintu- 'first'.

cerveja 'beer', from Vulgar Latin *cerevisia, from Gaulish Cognates: Old French cervoise, Provençal, Spanish cerveza; akin to Old Irish coirm, Welsh cwrw, Breton korev.

cervejaria 'brewery, brasserie, beer hall', cervejeiro 'brewer'

charrua 'plow', from Celtic *carros- car, with Latin borrowing carruca.

charruar 'to plow', charrueco 'a rough plowing machine'

cheda 'lateral external board of a cart, where the crossbars are affixed', via Medieval Latin cleta, from proto-Celtic *klētā-, cognate of Irish cloí 'fence', clíath 'palisade, hurdle', Welsh clwyd 'barrier, wattle, scaffolding, gate', Cornish kloos 'fence', Breton kloued 'barrier, fence'; cognate of French claie 'rack, wattle fencing', Occitan cleda, Catalan cleda 'livestock pen', Basque gereta.
choco 'cowbell; squid', from proto-Celtic *klokko-, akin to Old Irish clocc, Welsh cloch, Breton kloc'h; cognate of Asturian llueca and llócara 'cowbell', French cloche 'bell', German Glock.

chocar 'to bang, to shock', chocalho 'cowbell', chocalhar and chacoalhar 'to shake smthg or someone, to insult someone'.

cibalho 'bird food' from Gaelic *cib- 'reed', akin to Irish 'cibeach'
clã 'clan', from Gaelic *clann- from Old Irish 'cland' meaning children or family.

côdea 'crust, skin, bark' from Celtic-Goidelic *cotach- < cuit < cuid < coda small plot.

descodear , escodear ' 'to remove/cut off the crust ', cotovelo 'elbow', acotovelar, cotovelar 'to push & shove, cotovelada 'elbow, decote 'cleavage, neckline', decotar 'to head down, to cut off, cote , cotio, quotidiano 'of regular use, daily', cotiar 'to use daily, regularly', coto 'knuckle, stump, amputated part of a limb, remnants of a candlestick'

coelho 'rabbit', likely from Celtiberian *cun-icos 'little dog' akin to Irish coinân, Cornish conyn, Manx coneeyn, Gaelic coineanach, Galician coello, Welsh cwningen, Catalan conill, Danish/Swedish/Norwegian kanin, Dutch konijn, Finnish kani, Frisian knyn, German Kanninchen, Icelandic kanína, Italian coniglio, Romansh cunigl, Spanish conejo, Veneto conéjo.

coelheira 'rabbit hutch', coelheiro ' good at hunting rabbits', rabicoelha also rabiscoelha 'corncrake, spotted crake', coelhinha 'bunny'
derives from Celtic 'kŏlmos', straw

colmeia 'beehive', from a Celtic form *kolmēnā 'made of straw', from * kŏlmos 'straw', which gave Leonese cuelmo; cf. Welsh calaf "reed, stalk", Cornish kalav "straw", Breton kolo "stalk").

colmeeiro 'hiver', colmeal 'beekeeping space, area'

comba 'valley, inflexion', from proto-Celtic *kumbā, cognate of North Italian comba, French combe, Occitan comba; akin to Irish com, Welsh cwm 'hollow ', Cornish komm 'small valley, dingle', Breton komm 'small valley, deep water'.
combo 'curved, bent', from Celtic *kumbo-, cognate of Provençal comb, Spanish combo.

combar 'to bend'.

cômoro also combro 'mound, hillock, limit of a patch or field, usually left intentionally unploughed', from proto-Celtic *kom-ɸare--, cognate of Old Irish comair 'in front of', Welsh cyfair 'direction, place, spot, acre'. Or either to *kom-boros 'brought together'.

acomarar 'to mark out a field '.
corno 'horn'. Although the word has been considered a loan from Latin, there is no reason to deny its Celtic origin.
correia 'belt, girdle', Latinised Gaulish *corrigia- "strap"; akin to Old Irish cuimrech "fetter", Irish creasa 'belt', Scottish Gaelic crios, cuibhreach "bond, chain", Welsh cyfrwy "saddle", Middle Welsh kyfreieu "leashes", Cornish kevrenn "fastening, link", Breton kevre "link, bond".
desencorrear 'to unstrap, to unbridle ', encorreadura 'old leather armour', correada 'strike from a belt'
creme 'cream' from French 'crème', in itself a combination of Latin 'chrisma' and Gaulish *kram- 'crust'.
cremoso 'creamy', leite-créme 'one of several popular Portuguese desserts, similar to custard', creme de barbear 'shaving cream', creme de leite 'milk fat, cream', creme de pasteleiro 'cream pastry', cremosidade 'creaminess', cremosamente 'rich in cream'.

crica 'colloquial for vulva, female genitalia' from Proto-Celtic *krīkʷā- akin to Old Irish crích 'juice', Welsh crib 'chrest', Breton krib 'bent, folded'.
croca 'plough-shaft' from Proto-Celtic *krowkā- akin to Provençal crauc 'heap, pile', Occitan cruca 'cape'; Irish cruach 'pile, haystack', Welsh crug 'heap, tomb' and Breton krug 'heap, tomb'
curral 'corral, pen; corner', from Celtic *korro-, akin to Middle Irish cor 'circle, turn', corrán 'sickle', Welsh cor 'enclosure', Cornish kor 'turn, veering'.
Deus 'God' via Latin, 'deus' from Celtic *dēuo-, *dīuo- 'god'. Well attested in Continental Celtic, cf. G. PNN Deo-gnata, diuuo-gna. Traditionally, to PIE *dhei-'shine' IEW: 183–87, LIV: 108. ACPN: 70-71; DLG: 142-43; PNPG, Celtic Elements, s.v.
dólmen ', from Gaulish/Breton *taol maen- 'table-shapped stone'
dorna 'a type of boat; trough, measurement ', from proto-Celtic *durno- 'fist', Irish dorn fish, Breton dorn 'hand'; Akin to Old French, Occitan dorn, 'a handful'. Nevertheless, the Asturian duerna 'bowl' demand a form **dorno-.
duna 'dune', from Gaulish *duno or *dunum
embaixada 'embassy', from Provençal ambaissada, from ambaissa 'service, duty', from proto-Celtic *ambactos 'servant', akin to Welsh amaeth 'farm', Cornish ammeth 'farming', Old Breton ambaith.

embaixador 'ambassador', embaixatriz 'madam-ambassador'

embaraço 'embarrassment, shame'; likely a combination of Celtic *- a noose, or rope combined with the prefix em- with.

embaraçar, embaraçado 'to embarrass or cause shame to someone', 'embarrassed'. desembaraçado 'someone who is expedite, diligent', desembaraçar 'to get rid of, to untangle', desembaraço 'resourcefulness', embaraçante, embaraçoso 'embarrassing, shameful, vexing', embaraçosamente 'in a pickle'.
engo 'dwarf elder, loniceraceous plant similar to the elder' from *édgo, Latinised educus, from Gaulish odocos,
enga 'grassland, pasture'
escombros 'rubble, ruins, debris' via Latinised combrus 'barricade of felled trees' from Gaulish *combero 'river fork, dam', cognate of Spanish escombro, French décombres akin to Breton kember, Welsh cymmer, Irish comar, cumar
estancar 'to stall, stagnate, halt, stop temporarily' Latinised Celtic *ektankō 'to fix'
, Latinised ‘’stagnum’’ from Gaulish “stannos”
estanho 'tin, pewter' Latinised stagnum, var. stannum, from Gaulish *stannon, cognate of French étain, Spanish estaño, Mantuan stajgn 'hard', Irish stán, Old Scots-Gaelic stàn, Welsh ystaen, Cornish sten, Breton stean.
estanhar , 'to tin ', estânico 'made of tin, pewter, relating to tin, acid or salts resulted from tin and some salts high on metal contents', estanato 'salt from tin acid'
faia 'beech tree' from proto-Celtic *bagos- from Latin loanword 'fagea', cognate of Irish 'feá', Welsh 'ffawydd', Italian 'faggio', Spanish 'haya'.
faial, faiado, faiar , desfaiar ; 'beechwood', 'loft', 'to insert, intercalate', 'to fall '
flanela 'flannel' from Brittonic or proto-Celtic *u̯lan-ello-s, meaning "little woollen thing", via Gaulish vlana 'wool', cognate of French flanelle, Jersian flianné 'flannel', Mantuan flanèla 'flannel' Welsh gwlân 'wool', gwlanen 'flannel', Cornish gwlan, Breton gloan, Irish olann.
flanelógrafo 'coated frame or table normally done with velcro', flanelinha 'parking attendant'.
fronha ' face, pillow-case', from Celtic *srogna- 'nose, nostril'.
porta-fronha 'main front-door of a house', enfronhar 'to cover a pillow with a case, to disguise or mislead, to educate or inform', desenfronhar 'to remove a pillow-case, to undress, to speak up', afronhado 'in the shape of a pillowcase'

gabela, gavela 'handful, faggot', from Proto-Celtic *gabalā or *gabaglā-, cognate of French javelle, Provençal gavela, Spanish gavilla; akin to Old Cornish gavael 'catch, capture', Irish gabháil 'get, take, grab, capture', gabhal 'fork'.
gafa 'hook, grip' from Proto-Celtic *gabalā 'hold, grab' akin to Cornish gavel, Old Breton gabael, Old Irish gabál, verbal noun of *gabi- , from Proto-Indo-European *gʰh₁bʰ-

gafanhoto 'grasshopper'
gancho 'hook, hairpin' from Celtic *ganskio or *gansco 'branch', akin to Old Irish gesca, French jachère, Spanish gancho.
ganchar, enganchar 'to hook smthg, to grab/hang/hold with a hook', desenganchar 'to unhook, to free ', gancheado 'hook shaped'

galão 'galon, braid, stripe, galloon, Portuguese traditional caffe-latte drink from Gaulish *glāvo 'rain', akin to Welsh glaw 'rain', Breton glao, Cornish glaw, Catalan galleda 'bucket'

galga 'plain stone', from *gallikā, to Proto-Celtic *gallos 'stone', akin to Irish gall, French galet 'gravel' gallete 'plain cake'.

galgar 'carving a stone to make it plain and regular'.

galgo 'greyhound dog' from Latin loanword 'gallîcus'; from Old French *Gaule- or *Waulle-, from Frankish *Walholant- 'Gaul, Land of the Romans, foreigners', from Frankish *Walha- 'foreigners, Romans, Celts'.

galhardo 'gallant, distinguished man', from Celtic *gal- force, via Gaulish *galia- combined with Latin suffix 'art' or 'ard'.

galhardete, galardão 'award' galardoar 'to award, to recognise someone officially'; galã, galanteio, galante, galanteador 'gallant, charming, flattery, innuendo, flirtatious, seducer'; galhardear 'to show off, to be ostentatious', galhardia 'elegance, grandeur, generosity', Gala 'Gala, ceremony'.

galocha 'Wellington boots', from French 'galoche', from Gaulish *gallos + -oche 'hard-sole shoes' also known by the Romans as gallica 'Gaulish shoes'.
garça 'egret', from Celtiberian *cárcia- akin to Breton kerc'heiz, Cornish kerghydh, Spanish garza.

garço 'colour: greenish-blue, greenish', garção 'large heron', also from French garçon 'waiter', garça-real 'Heron', garça-ribeirinha 'grey-heron', garça-boieira 'white-egret'.
garrote 'quadruped animal shoulders, torture instrument which causes bleeding' from Proto-Celtic *garra- 'leg' and diminutive *garrito- 'small leg'.
horse grazing. From Celtic “garra”, leg
garra ' claw, grip' also meaning 'bravery, courage, strength' from proto-Celtic *garra- 'leg' akin to akin to Welsh gar "leg", Cornish/Breton garr "leg, stalk, stem", Old Irish gairri "calves of the leg", Irish cara.
agarrar 'to grab, to hold, to catch', garrar 'to drift, to float, to split, to cut a suture ', desgarrar 'to take off course, to escape, to go off course, to be erratic', desgarre 'cockiness, audacity', desgarrado 'daring, erratic, audacious, extrovert, perverse', Desgarrada 'Portuguese popular song involving several singers who dare one another by improvising the verses. Probably a Provençal-Occitan influence originally, Garrano 'Garrano wild horse-breed'
gato 'cat' from Latin loanword 'cattus' from Gaulish 'cattos' from Proto-Celtic *cath- cognate of French 'chat', English 'cat', Italian 'gatto', German 'Katze', Welsh 'cath', Irish 'cat', Catalan 'gat', Spanish 'gato', Greek 'γάτα'.
gatinhar ,gatinha, to crawl, 'pussycat, attractive female', several expressions/idioms like: aqui há gato, trocar gato por lebre 'English equivalent to 'I smell a rat', 'to rip someone off'.

gilbardeira also gilbarbeira 'myrtle, bog myrtle' *possibly from Proto-Celtic *raddi- see Middle-Irish 'raidleog', Irish Gaelic 'raideog' Manx 'roddagagh'

goiva 'gouge, chisel, grooving plane, also a deep, narrow stream' from Proto-Celtic 'gulbia' or 'guvia' from *gulb- 'beak', akin to French gouge, Italian gubba, Spanish guba, Old Irish 'gulba' Irish gealbhán and Welsh gylyf 'sickle' and gylf 'hilltop'.

goivar 'to groove, to hurt someone', goivadura 'cut, cavity made with a grooving plane', goiveira 'Dame's violet plant', goivo 'dame's violet '

gorar 'sickness, rotting of an egg, to get confused ', from Proto-Celtic *gʷor-, akin to Old Irish guirid, Welsh and Cornish gori 'to hatch ' and Breton goriñ.

goro 'unfertilized egg, failure, misfortune', gorado 'an egg which didn't hatch, a failed situation or unfortunate person'.
gravilha 'gravel, grit' Celtic *graua- akin to Old French 'gravier'.
greve 'strike ', greve-geral 'general strike', grevista 'someone who strikes or leads a strike movement', greve de fome 'hunger strike'.
jante 'wheel rim', Latinised borrowing 'canthus' < Gaulish *cantos, cognate of French jante, Breton kant 'ring', Welsh cant 'felloe, rim', Irish cétal, Scots-Gaelic canó, Piccardie gante, Occitan cant
jarrete 'knee-cap, hock, hamstring' from Gaulish *garra 'leg', akin to Welsh 'garr', which is of uncertain origin; possibly sharing a common origin with Proto-Greek άκαρα 'leg, shank'
lago 'lake', Latinised 'lacus' from Celtic *locu-, *loco- 'lake'. According to E. Hamp in ZCP 46, 12, independent loans from an unknown substratum language.
lançar 'to launch, to throw' Latinised borrowing 'lancea' from Gaulish *lankia, akin to Mantuan lansa 'lance' and lansér 'lancer', Mid-Irish do-léicim 'I toss, fling, launch', Italian 'lancia', Spanish 'lanza'. Probably initially loanword into Latin 'plāga' from Indo-European or Old Germanic *plāk-. The loss of the original /pl into /l is common in the old Celtic languages.
lança 'spear', lanço 'small trap', lanceolado 'lanceolate', lançamento 'launch', lançada 'a spear-strike'

landa , lande 'uncultivated or sandy plot' from Proto-Celtic *landā, akin to Old Irish lann 'land, church', Welsh lann 'church lands', French lande 'sandy plot', Provençal and Catalan landa.
lapa 'grotto, den, limpet, lighting, slap, bee' from Proto-Celtic *lappa, akin to Irish Gaelic lapa 'paw, flipper', Polish łapa 'paw, flipper, mutton fist'

lapinha 'small grotto, rock shelter', lapeira 'rectangular knife for collecting limpets and other sea molluscs', lapão, larpão, 'person with no manners, peasant, rude, glutton, larpeiro 'greedy pig', larpar binge eating

lage 'stone slab', from the medieval form lagena, from proto-Celtic *ɸlāgenā, cognate of Old Irish lágan, láigean, Welsh llain 'broad spearhead, blade'; akin to Irish láighe 'mattock, spade'.
lavego , lavega , labego 'plough', from Proto-Celtic *ɸlāw-aiko/ɸlāwo-, akin to Lombard plovum, German 'Pflug' and English 'plough'.
légua 'league', to Proto-Celtic *leukā, cognate of French lieue, Spanish legua; akin to Old Irish líe 'stone', Irish lia
leira 'plot, delimited and levelled field', from the medieval form laria, from proto-Celtic *ɸlār-yo-, akin to Old Irish làr 'ground, floor', Breton leur 'ground', Welsh llawr 'floor'.

leiro 'small, ou unleveled, plot', leirar 'land working', leiroto, leiria 'place of small plots, allotments'.

lerca 'skinny, malnourished cow or cattle in general, skinny woman', from proto-Celtic *wliskā 'stick', cognate of Old Irish flesc.
limo 'silt, mudwort', from Celtic *leim- 'mud', cognate of French limon
lisonja 'flattery', from Gaulish *lausinga- cognate of old French losenge, Provençal lauzenja 'lie'.

lisonjear 'to flatter, lisongeio alternative spelling of 'flattery', lisonjeado 'flattered

loca 'loach, den, hole' Latinised 'laucca' from Gaulish *loukā- 'light', akin to Fr loche, Asturian lloca, Welsh llug 'shimmer', Old Irish lúach 'bright'
lôstrego 'lightning, bolt, * either Latin 'lūstrō' ; or rather from Proto-Celtic *lowkstriko- < Proto-Celtic *lowko- : confer Welsh lluched and North Catalan llaucet.< Proto-Indo-European *lewk-.
lousa also loisa 'flagstone', 'trap', from Proto-Celtic *laws-, cognate of Provençal lausa, Spanish losa, French losenge 'diamond'.

enlousar 'to cover with flagstones', lousado 'roof', lousão 'large flagstone', louseiro or loiseiro' 'stonemason', enlousar 'to cover with stones, to make a stone wall, to trap, to trick or fool someone'
lota 'fish auction/market', Latinised borrowing 'lota' < Gaulish *lotta 'flat fish' akin to French lotte, Old Irish lethaid 'he extends, expands', Welsh lledu, llydan 'flounders' Cornish leyth 'flounder, flat-fish'.
manto 'cloack, cover, veil, cape' Latinised borrowing 'mantum, mantellum' from Gaulish *mantlon- 'covering, akin to French manteau, Basque mantar 'shirt, barque tarpaulin', Mantuan mantèl 'coat', Spanish mantilla, Breton malan, manal, Cornish manal 'sheaf'.
manta 'mantle, coverlet, blanket', manta-de-retalhos 'patchwork blanket or quilt', manta-morta 'biomass', Manta 'sparrow-hawk endemic to Madeira', mantear 'to toss a cape, to hoe the soil in lines/rows.
maninha 'barren, sterile man or animal' Latinised mannus 'dwarf horse', from Gaulish *mandos-
maneiro 'small horse, cattle, short and small stature man or boy', maneirinha 'small woman or girl, petite'.

mar 'sea' Latinised 'mare' from Celtic *mori- mor; OW mor. The word is well attested in Continental Celtic, cf. G. more. gl.mare, morici gl. marini, Pliny's mori marusa, G. PNN Mori-tasgus, Mori-rigis; see GPN: 232–33, KGP: 245. To PIE *mori- IEW: 748. ACPN: 92-93; DLG: 229, PNPG, Celtic Elements, s.v.
marga 'marl' Latinised borrowing 'margila' from Gaulish *marga- akin to French marne, Spanish/Asturian marga, Lyonese margagni 'deep mud, muck', Breton marg, German Mergel.
meio, médio ' 'half, middle, mid' Latinised 'mēdius, medium' from Celtic *með-. To PIE *, IEW: 706. ACPN: 91-92; DLG: 222; KGP: 241; PNPG, Celtic Elements, s.v. Note Latin mēdius.
menir or menhir , 'menhir', megalithic stone structures prolific in Atlantic Europe. From Breton men 'stone' and hir 'long' cognate of Gaelic 'maen hir'

menino , menina 'kid, child, baby', from medieval mennino, from proto-Celtic *menno-, akin to Old Irish menn 'kid ', Irish meannán, Welsh myn, Breton menn.

meninice or meninez 'childhood, infancy, childishness', meninote 'nipper', .
mina 'mine' Latinised *mina from Gaulish *mēna-, *meina- 'ore, mine' akin to French mine, Welsh mwyn 'ore', Cornish moen, Irish míanach 'ore'.
mineiro 'miner', minério 'ore', mineral 'mineral',

minhoca 'earthworm', from medieval *milocca, from Proto-Celtic *mîlo-, akin to Asturian milu, merucu 'earthworm', Irish míol 'worm, maggot', Welsh, Breton mil 'animal'.

Derivative: minhoquice 'unfounded suspicions, brooding on smthg unimportant'
nau 'ship, vessel' Latinised 'navis' from Celtic *nauo- . Cf. Auson. nausum. To PIE *neh2u- 'boat' IEW: 755-56. DLG: 232, s.v. nauson; PNPG, Celtic Elements, s.v. nauo.
navegar 'to sail', navegante, Navegador 'sailor', 'Seafarer', nave 'ship, boat', navio 'ship'.

nave 'nave ' Latinised 'navis' from Celtic *nauo- as above*
nave 'spaceship' Latinised 'navis' from Celtic *nauo- as above*

olga , 'small farming land, plain between hills', from Proto-Celtic *ɸolkā, cognate of French ouche and Provençal olca.
palafrém 'palfrey', from Gaulish para + uoreido
peça 'piece', from Vulgar Latin *pettia, from Gaulish petsi, from proto-Celtic *kʷezdi, cognate of Italian pezza, French pièce, Spanish pieza; akin to Old Irish cuit 'piece, share, part', Welsh peth 'thing', Breton pez.

pedaço, pedacinho, pedação 'piece, little piece, big piece'- ** uncertain whether from Lat.pittacĭu < Gr. pittákion or Proto-Celtic *pettia 'piece'.
penêdo 'cliff, boulder'
pequeno 'small, kid', from Gaelic *bec-, becan-, beag, beagan- 'small'.
pequerrucho, pequerruchichinho 'little one', pequenagem, pequenez 'small thing, infancy', pequenino, pequenote, pequeninote pequenininho 'small child, small thing or object', empequenecer , empequenitar 'to make small, to make someone feel small', pequenada, pequerruchada 'a group of small children'.
, from Gaulish ‘’pincio’’

pisco 'robin, twinkle, blink' from Celtic, likely Gaulish *pincio- cognate of Welsh pinc, Breton pint, French pinson, Tuscan pincióne.

piscar 'to twinkle, to blink', colloquial expression 'num piscar de olhos= in the blink of an eye', pisca 'small grain, cigaret but, spark', pisca-pisca 'warning-light, parking-light ', piscadela ' twinkle', piscarolho 'someone who blinks their eyes often'.
pitada 'pinch, handful' from Celtic *pit-, pet-, cuid-, cuit-, coda- 'piece'.
petar 'to break in small pieces, to tell lies', petiscar 'to knible, to snack, to eat delicacies, to touch slightly, to have a vague knowledge about something or someone', petisco 'delicacy, speciality dish, small bites, snack', petisqueira, petiscaria 'snack-bar, restaurant specialising in local dishes', petanisco 'poking stick', pitéu 'delicacy ', petiz 'child, kid', petizada 'kids, children', carrapito 'bob, midget ', carapeto 'wild pear', carapeteiro 'wild pear tree, liar', carrapeta, carapeta 'small pion, short person', peta 'white lie'.
or Pintainhos, from *pett
pinto, pito 'baby chicken, male sexual organ ' from Celtic *pett, pitt- 'small'.
pitoco 'small person, animal with a small or missing tail', petinga, pitinga 'small varieties of fish, small sardine, light', pintarroxo 'warbler', pintassilgo, pintassirgo 'goldfinch', petimetre 'dandy, vain'.
peticego , pitosga, pitosca , pisco 'short-sighted', from Gaelic *pet, pit- 'small'
piteira 'drunkenness, agave plant, ballast, debt, default, cigarette holder, cut or blow in the head' from Celtic *pett, pitt- 'small'.
raia 'ray, line, streak, trail, groove, ray-fish' from Celtic *rica- 'furrow', line on a field created by a plow.
raiar 'to shine, to rise', raio 'ray, thunderbolt, radius, thin and long metal piece', raiado 'with lines, streaks'.

rego , 'furrow, ditch', from proto-Celtic *ɸrikā, akin to Welsh rhych, Breton reg, Scottish/Irish riach 'trace left from something'; cognate of French raie, Occitan, Catalan rega, Basque erreka, Italian riga 'wrinkle'.

regueira 'small water canal', regato 'stream, gully, glen', regatear 'to haggle, to bargain', regateio 'quibble', regateável 'arguable ', regateiro 'person who haggles, presumptuous'

rocha 'rock' from old Breton *roc'h- 'rock, stone' with Latin borrowing rocca.

rochedo 'big rock', rochoso 'rocky area', barronco, barranco, barroca 'cliff, ravine, pit, hole on the ground', barrocal ' area with pits i.e. clay pits or holes', barrocão 'large pit'

rodovalho , 'hefty, short man, 'pleuronectidae type of fish ' from Celtic *roto-ball-jo- , da forma composta celta *roto-ball-jo-, meaning 'round edges', akin to Irish roth 'wheel', Welsh rhod, and Breton rod combined with Irish ball 'member, organ'.
ruão, also roão, arroão or ruano 'white horse with brown/black/red dots or patches ' from proto-Celtic *roudos 'red, russet'; akin to Irish Gaelic 'rua' or Breton 'ruz'.
saiote 'peticoat, under-skirt' and saia 'skirt', from the medieval form sagia, from an ancient Celtic form from which also Latin sagum 'robe', Greek ságos from Gaulish *sagos- 'coat', fr *seg- 'to hold on or together'.
sável 'shad ', from proto-Celtic *sabalos-, akin to Old Irish sam 'summer'.

savelha and alternative saboga 'Yellowtail', smaller fish of the same 'Alosa' family
sabujo 'hound, someone who is subservient, boot-licker' Latinised *segusiu from Gaulish *segusios, egusia, from segu 'to follow', akin to Old Irish sechem 'Irish follow', Ir search 'to follow', MW -hei 'seeker', OBr cnouheiat 'nutgatherer'.
from *seni+aro

seara also senra, sown field recently broken up, but which is left fallow', from a medieval form senara, a Celtic compound of *seni- 'apart, separated' and *aro- 'ploughed field'..

seareiro 'cereals farmer, small farmer'

seira 'traditional long and narrow esparto-grass or straw-basket used to transport or keep food, fruit or nuts *uncertain, probably from the same root as Gaelic seid 'truss of straw, grass, bedspread on the floor'.

seirão 'large "seira" basket', enseirar 'to pack in a straw basket, enseiramento 'act of packing or keeping into straw baskets.

tanoeiro cooper from Celtic *tonn- loanword into Latin tunna, cognate of French tonnelier, Spanish tonelero.

tanoaria, tanoar , tonel tannery, cooperage, to do cooperage work, wine or beer barrel

tasca and tasquinha , 'swingle', related to Galatian taskós 'peg, stake'.
tola furrow from Proto-Celtic *tullo- 'pierced, pricked' , akin to Irish toll 'hole, hollow', Welsh twll 'hole', Breton toull 'hole'; Catalan toll and old French tolon 'hill'.
tona 'skin, bark, scum of milk, surface of any liquid', from proto-Celtic *tondā, cognate of Old Irish tonn, Welsh tonn.

toneira 'pot for obtaining butter from the milk', tonel 'wine barrel'.

tojo , 'gorse, furze ', from Celtic *togi-, akin to Spanish/Gascon toja, French dialectal tuie.

fura-tojos 'marten'; tojal, tojeira 'place with tojos'.

toucinho , also toicinho 'bacon, lard, pork rash' via Latin 'tuccinum ', from Celtic tucca 'buttery juice'.

toucinheiro, toicinheiro 'lard seller, butcher', toucinho-do-céu 'Portuguese regional sweet made with almonds and egg yolk'

trado 'auger', from Proto-Celtic *taratro-, cognate of Irish tarathar, Welsh taradr, Breton tarar, Occitan taraire, Catalan taradre, Spanish taladro, French tarière, Romansch tarader.

tradar, tradear 'to drill'.

tranca , tranco 'beam, pole, penis', from proto-Celtic *tarankā, tarinca, cognate of Spanish tranca 'club, cudgel', French taranche 'screw bar, ratchet ', Provençal tarenco; akin to OIr tairinge 'iron nail, tine', Ir tairne 'metal nail, Sc tairnge 'nail'.

trancar 'to close, lock or block', destrancar 'to open, unlock or unblock smthg. or someone', trancada 'to hit someone or smthg. with a bat, copulation', trancaria 'pile of wood logs', destrancador 'opener', trança ' brade', entrantrançado 'weaved', tranqueta 'lock, latch, bolt'.
trapo ' Latinised borrowing from Gaulish *drappo 'shred, torn-off piece', cognate of French drap, Spanish/Italian trapo, Welsh drab 'piece, shred', drabio 'to tear into pieces'.
trapeira 'trap, shabby woman, dorner window, skipper's post ', entrapar 'to wrap, cover or bandage poorly'

trevo 'clover', from Proto-Celtic *trebno- farm house, homestead, akin to Irish treb, Cornish tre, Welsh tref, Asturian truébanu, French trèfle, Spanish trébol and Catalan trèvol.
trengo 'silly, nitwit, little brat, idiot', from Celtic *trenco 'short, small'.
trincar 'to bite, to snap', possible Latin loanword *trinicāre- from Gaulish *trincare, trancare- to cut , cognate of old Provençal trencar, Catalan trencar, French trancher.

tranche 'slice', retrincar, retrinco 'to chew, to cut into smaller pieces', 'patch of a bigger piece', trinco 'latch, lock, bolt', trinca, trincadela, 'bite, knibble, small cut' from Gaulish, possibly from Proto-Celtic *trenco- 'small piece'.

trincha 'brush, roller, wood carving knife or chisel', from Celtic *trenco 'short, small'.

truta 'trout', from Celtic *tructa- freshwater fish of the salmon family. Cognate of French truite, English trout, Catalan truita, Spanish trucha, Italian trota.
truão 'tramp, fool, beggar, impostor' from Celtic *trugo 'miserable' akin to French truand, Scots-Gaelic truaghan, Spanish truhan, Breton truc, Irish trogha.

truanice, truania 'scam, trickery', truanear 'to trick, to fool someone'
varanda 'balcony, veranda' from *varandā, from *rannā "part, portion"; Welsh rhan, Cornish/Breton rann, Irish roinn.
varandim, varandinha 'small verandah', varandado 'Brazilian type of porch in colonial country houses'

varga 'hut; wall made of hurdles; hurdle, fence', from Celtic *wraga, French barge, akin to Old Irish fraig, Irish fraigh 'braided wall, roof, pen', Br gwrac'hell 'haybale, rick of hay'.
várgea, vargem, vargedo, vargeiro 'agricultural land or open meadow' from Gaulish *bargā-, akin to Catalan, Occitan, Ligurian barga "wattle hut", Middle-Irish barc 'fort; woodshed'.
vasculho 'bundle of straw; broom', from proto-Celtic *baski- 'bundle', cognate of Gascon bascojo 'basket', Asturian bascayu 'broom', Breton bec'h 'bundle, load'.
vassalo from Vulgar Latin vassalus, from proto-Celtic *wasso- or *wasto- 'young man, squire', cognate of French vassal, Spanish vasallo, Middle Irish foss 'servant', Welsh gwas 'servant; lad', Breton gwaz.

avassalar 'to overwhelm, to stagger, to overpower', avassalador , avassalante 'overwhelming'

vassoura or vassoira 'broom' from Proto-Celtic *basca- or *baski- 'bind, tangle', via Gaulish bascauda, akin to French bâche 'canvas sheet, tarpaulin' Gascon bascojo 'hanging basket', Asturian bascayu, Béarn bascoyes, Welsh basg 'plaiting', Middle Irish basc 'neckband'.

vassoirar or vassourar 'to sweep with a broom', vassourada or vassoirada 'broom sweep, broomstick strike/hit'

velenho 'henbane', via Celtiberian belenion < bhel* 'shiny, burning' cognate of Old Irish béal 'sun', Spanish beleño, Welsh bela. Same etymology as Belenus the Celtic sun-God

vereda 'main road', from the medieval form vereda, from Celtic *uɸo-rēdo-, 'pathway'; akin to Welsh gorwydd 'steed', Vulgar Latin veredus 'horse', French palefroi 'steed'.

enveredar 'to take or chose a path or direction in life or profession'

vidoeiro , French bouleau, Italian betulla ; akin to Irish beith, Welsh bedw, Breton bezv.

vidoeiral 'place with birch-trees'.
virar 'to turn, to veer off, to swerve' Latinised vīrāre, from Gaulish *viru, viros- 'to deviate, veer off' akin to Old Fr. virer, Sp. virar, Welsh gwyro 'to shift, deviate', Breton goara 'to curve'.
revirar 'to turn upside down', virado' 'furious, fuming, mad '

Germanic languages

The main Germanic influence in Portuguese were the Suebi and Visigoths.
Their vocabulary in Portuguese is often related to warfare/military topics, animals texugo, natural world orvalho, Human qualities like franqueza, orgulho, some verbs like ganhar, town and placenames such as Aldão, Alderete, Albergaria-a-Velha, Albergaria-a-Nova, Ermesinde and Esposende, where sinde and sende for instance; are derived from the Germanic "sinths", numerous Suebi derivations like, Freamunde, Vermunde, Amonde, Samonde, Gimonde, Aldão, Guadramil, Gondomil, Samil, Gosende, Guilhofrei, Esmoriz, Esmeriz, Alhariz, Oriz, Touriz, Roriz, Gavieira, Gondoriz, Gondizalves, Gondar, Gondomar, Gondarém, Gudim, Guimarães, Torres Vedras, Sousa, Terras de Sousa and Terras de Bouro, Serra do Bouro, Bouro, are found mainly in the Minho and Douro regions- these two provinces present the highest concentration of Germanic toponyms in the Iberian Peninsula, as they historically correspond to old the Suebic Kingdom in the middle-ages.
conquests.
Many of the Germanic words entered the language during the late antiquity, either as words introduced into Vulgar Latin elsewhere, or as words brought along by the Suebi who settled in Gallaecia in the 5th century, and also by the Visigoths who annexed the Suebic Kingdom in 585 and ruled until the 8th century AD.
It is very difficult to establish how the Suebi and Visigoth dialects differed from each other during that period, how much linguistic assimilation occurred, and therefore almost impossible to classify words with etymological certainty.
Other words were incorporated to Portuguese during the Middle Ages, mostly proceeding from French and Occitan languages, as both cultures had a massive impact in Portuguese during the 12th and 13th centuries. Some everyday vocabulary, towns and placenames have Frankish-derived etymology, by influence of French in that period. Examples are:
flanco- from Old French flanc, of Germanic origin, probably Frankish *hlanca, from Proto-Germanic *hlankaz, from Proto-Indo-European *kleng-. Akin to Old High German hlanca, Middle High German lanke , Old English hlanc.
Carção - a small town in Portugal, from Medieval Portuguese "garçom", from Old French garçun, oblique case of gars, from Frankish *wrakjō, from Proto-Germanic *wrakjô, from Proto-Indo-European *wreg-. Cognate with Old High German wrecheo, recko , Old Saxon wrekkio, Old English wreċċa, and perhaps to Old Norse rekkr.
More recently other words with Germanic origin have been incorporated, either directly from English or other Germanic languages, or indirectly through French. Many of these words are shared with Galician, sometimes with minor spelling or phonetic differences.

List of Portuguese words of Germanic origin

Because they have different Germanic origins, this list is divided into words that come from English, Frankish, Langobardic, Middle Dutch, Middle High German, Middle Low German, Old English, Old High German, Old Norse, Old Swedish, and Visigothic and finally, words which come from a Germanic root, where the specific source is unknown or uncertain. Projections indicate over 600 Germanic words in Portuguese, with a tendency to increase due to English, German and other modern influences. Some of these words existed in Latin as loanwords from other languages. Some of these words have alternate etymologies and may also appear on a list of Galician words from a different language. Some words contain non-Germanic elements. Any form with an asterisk is unattested and therefore hypothetical.

from Dutch">Dutch language">Dutch

bombordo= port side of a ship: from French babord "portside", from Dutch bakboord "left side of a ship", literally "back side of a ship", from bak "back, behind", + boord "board, side of a ship", see borde below. Also see estibordo "starboard" below in the Germanic section
berbequim= carpenter's brace: from regional French veberquin, from Dutch wimmelken, from wimmel "auger, drill, carpenter's brace" + -ken, a diminutive suffix, see maniquí below in Middle Dutch section.
from English">English language">English
andebol = handball
bar
barbecue
basquetebol or basquete = basketball
bit, byte, and many other computing terms
blog/blogue, blogger = blog, blogger
bodyboard
box, boxista = box, boxer
boy = office boy, errand boy, playboy or male prostitute
brandy or brande
cash
cash-flow
champô, shampoo or xampu = shampoo
cheque =
cheeseburger
cheesecake
chip, microchip, nanochip = all related to information-technology
choque = shock
clicar = to click
clique = click
clonar = to clone
clonagem = cloning
clube, club = club
cocktail, or coquetel
console = console
cowboy
coboiada = violent brawl, street fight or unrest
deletar = to delete
derby or dérbi
dope
doping = semiconductor doping doping in sport
dopar = to dope, to take or administer drugs
estéreo = stereo
standard or estandarte = standard
expert
fast food
faroeste = far west, Western,
fashion = adj., fashionable
feedback
funk
futebol = football
gay
gentleman
go ahead
golfe = golf
golfista = golfer
googlar = to do a Google search, to google
hacker
hamburguer or hamburga = hamburger
hi-fi
high-life
highlander
iPhone
headphone
hóquei = hockey
hot dog
interface
impeachment
jeans
jeggings
jet lag
jet set
jogging
kitesurf
know-how
lady
laptop
líder = leader
liderar = to lead
liderança = leadership
lorde = lord
lovelace = womanizer
make-up
marketing
máster also master
masterizar , remasterizar , masterização, remasterização = masterization
mesmerizar = to mesmerize
mixar , mixagem = to mix, mixing
mouse = computer mouse
nylon, or náilon
panqueca = pancake
playback
password
pingue-pongue = ping-pong
pixel, megapixel
pixelizar = to view/work pixel images
pixelização = pixel visualization, visual effects based on pixel vs resolution
punk
remake
revolver
realizar = to realize
rugby, rúgbi, or râguebi = rugby
sanduiche, sanduíche, sandes = sandwich
scâner = scanner
scooter
scone
scotch
shaker
skipper
skinhead or skin = skinhead
slide
smiley
snack-bar
snifar = to sniff, to snort
sniper
snob or snobe, snobismo = a snob, snobbery
snooker, billiards
snowboard
soda water or soda
, stique = stick
sticar = to hit with a stick
surf, surfe
surfista = surfer
surfar = to surf
show = adj., something with showlike qualities, spectacular
showroom
staff or stafe
stand
standardizar , standardização = to make standard
star = celebrity
start-up
starter = starter, dispatcher
Stop = stop
strip, striptease, stripteaser, stripper
tablet or táblete = tablet
tape
top
top model
topless
telemarketing, know-how
ténis, tenista = tennis game, tennis shoes, tennis player
teste = test
turismo = tourism
turista = tourist
vagão, vagonete = wagon
voleibol = volleyball
wesleyanismo = Anglican-Methodist religious movement founded by John Wesley
western
westminsteriano = relating to Westminster Abbey
widget
windsurf
wi-fi
whisky or uísque
whitmaniano = relating to Walt Whitman
from Frankish">Frankish language">Frankish
aguentar= to endure, bear, resist: from Italian agguantare "to retain, take hold of", from a- + guanto "gauntlet", from Frankish want + verbal suffix -are.
alojar= to lodge, to house, to provide hospitality: from Old French loge, see lonja below.
alojamento= lodging : from Old French logo "dwelling, shelter", from Frankish laubja "covering, enclosure", from Germanic laubja "shelter"
loja= market, building where merchants and sellers gather: from Old French logo "dwelling, shelter", from Frankish laubja "covering, enclosure", from Germanic laubja "shelter", from the IE root leup- "to peel."
bordar= to embroider: from Frankish bruzdon, from Germanic bruzd- "point, needle", from the IE root bhrs-dh-, from bhrs-, from bhar-, "point, nail."
crossa or croça= crosier : from Frankish *krukkja akin to French crosse, Dutch kruk, German Krücke, English "crutch", Norwegian krykkja.
destacar, destacamento= to detach troops: from French détachar, from Old French destachier "to unattach", from des- "apart, away" + atachier, a variation of estachier, from estaca, from Frankish stakka, see estaca below in Germanic section.
destacar= to stand out, to emphasize: from Italian staccare "to separate", from Old French destacher, destachier, see destacar above.
estandarte= a military standard: from Old French estandart, probably from Frankish standhard "standard that marks a meeting place",, from standan "to stand", standan, from the IE root + hard "hard, firm", see ardid below in Germanic section.
forro= lining, liner, ceiling from Frankish fôdare
forrar= to cover, to insulate, to wallpaper, to line, to sheathe * same as above
desforra= vindication, revenge, revanche ** same as above
ginja= sweet cherry from Frankish *wihsila-
ginjinha= sweet cherry liquor from Frankish *wihsila-
ginjeira= sweet cherry tree, colloquial expression "conhecer de ginjeira" from Frankish *wihsila-
guante= glove, gauntlet: from Frankish want "gauntlet."
loja= market, building where merchants and sellers gather: from Old French logo "dwelling, shelter", from Frankish laubja "covering, enclosure", from Germanic laubja "shelter", from the IE root leup- "to peel."
tasca= tavern, inn: from Frankish *taska
trapa= trap: from Lower-Frankish *trappa
trapaça= trickery, fraud: from Lower-Frankish *trappa
trapaceiro= fraudster, con-artist, cheater: from Lower-Frankish *trappa
trapalhice= clumsiness, confusion, messy situation: from Lower-Frankish *trappa
trapalhão= clumsy, messy, goofy individual: from Lower-Frankish *trappa
atrapalhar = to disrupt, to mess up, to cause confusion, to inconvenience, to throw a spanner in the works, to muddle up: from Lower-Frankish *trappa
atrapar = to conclude, to resolve: from Lower-Frankish *trappa
atrapalhado= someone who is disorganised, clumsy, messy, confused, fearful, embarrassed, disturbed, in trouble: from Lower-Frankish *trappa
from German">German language">German
accordion = accordion from akkordeon
apfelstrudel = apple strudel from Apfelstrudel
Báltico = Baltic from Baltisch
benzina = benzine from benzin
burgomestre = mayor from Bürgermeister
chic or chique = Chic from Schick
chope = draft beer from shoppen
chucrute = coleslaw from sauerkraut
cobalto = cobalt from Kobold
estilístico = from Stylistik
faustebol = faustball
kaput, caputar = from kaputt
kitsch = kitsch from Kitsch
land = subdivision of a country, e.g. Germany, or Austria
Leitmotiv = leitmotiv from Leitmotiv
LSD = LSD from Lysergsäurediethylamid
metapsicológico, metapsicologia = metapsychology from Metapsychologie
plancton = plankton from Plankton
poltergeist = poltergeist from Poltergeist
pragmatismo = pragmatism from Pragmatismus
propedêutico = from Propädeutik
protoplasma = protoplasm from Protoplasma
Quartzo = quartz from Quarz
Rösti = rösti from Rösti
sabre = sabre from Sabel
social-democrata = social democrat from Sozialdemokrat
valsa = waltz from Walzer, walzen
vampiro = vampire from Vampir
Vermouth or Vermute = vermouth from Vermut
Zinco = zinc from Zink
from Norwegian">Norwegian language">Norwegian
slalom= slalom
feudal
filtro; filtrar= "filter; to filter" from ML filtrum felt from Gmc, akin to OE felt, felt
instalar
sabão= "soap" from Latin sapon-, sapo, soap from Gmc

Langobardic:

palco= a balcony, balcony of a theater: from Italian palco, from Langobardic palko "scaffolding", from Germanic balkōn "beam, crossbeam", see balcão below in Germanic section.
rufia, rufião= ruffian, thug, bully: from Langobardic *hruf
from Middle Dutch">Dutch language">Dutch
baluarte= bulwark: from Old French boloart "bulwark,, converted to a boulevard", from Middle Dutch bolwerc "rampart",
amarrar= to moor a boat, to tie, to fasten: from French amarrer, "to moor", from Middle Dutch aanmarren "to fasten", from aan "on" ana, anō, from the IE root + marren "to fasten, to moor a boat."
manequim= a mannequin, dummy, puppet: from French mannequin, from Dutch manneken, mannekijn "little man", from Middle Dutch mannekijn, from man "a man" + the diminutive suffix -ken, -kin, -kijn, from West Germanic -kin
rumo= direction, course, route, pomp, ostentation: from Old Spanish rumbo "each of the 32 points on a compass", from Middle Dutch rume "space, place, rhumb line, storeroom of a ship", from Germanic rūmaz "space, place", from the IE root reu- "space, to open".
from Middle High German">German language">German
estroina= fast liver, bohemian, spend-thrifty, reveller, vagabond: from Mid. High Ger. *striunen- or Old Eng. *strēon-
estroinice= pleasure seeker's, bohemian conduct or behaviour: from Mid. High Ger. *striunen- or Old Eng. *strēon-
estroinar = living the high-life, to live beyond one's means: from Mid. High Ger. *striunen- or Old Eng. *strēon-
from Middle Low German">German language">German

from Old English">English language">English

arlequim= harlequin: from Italian arlecchino, from Old French Herlequin "mythic chief of a tribe", probably from Middle English Herle king, from Old English Herla cyning, Herla Kyning literally King Herla, a king of Germanic mythology identified with Odin/Woden. Cyning "king" is from Germanic kunjan "family", from the IE root gen- "to birth, regenerate".
bote= a small, uncovered boat: from Old French bot, from Middle English bot, boot, from Old English bāt, from Germanic bait-, from the IE root bheid- "to split".
caneco= jug: from Old English *canne < from Proto-Germanic kunnan/kanna
caneca= mug: *see above
este= east: from French est, from Middle English est, from Old English ēast, from Germanic aust-, from the IE root awes-, aus "to shine".
norte= north: from Old French nord, from Old English north, from Germanic north-, from the IE root nr-to "north", from nr- ", to the left"
oeste= west: from Middle English west, from Old English west, from Germanic west-, from wes-to-, from wes-, from wespero- "evening, dusk"
sul= south : from Old French sud "south", from Old English sūth, from Germanic sunthaz, from the IE root sun-, swen-, variants of sāwel- "sun"
sudeste= 'southeast' *see above sud+est
sudoeste= 'southwest' *see above sud+west
from Old High German">German language">German
banca= bench: see banco= bench below
banco= bench: from Old High German banc "bench, board"
banco= bank: from French banque "bank", from Italian banca "bench, money changer's table", from Old High German banc, see banco= bench above
from Old Norse">Norse language">Norse
bife= steak, beefsteak: from English beefsteak, from beef + steak, from Middle English steyke, from Old Norse steik "piece of meat cooked on a spit", from Germanic stik-, see estaca below in the Germanic section.
flanar, flainar= to stroll, to wander about from Norman "flâner" < Old Norse flana
guindar = to lift, to be pretentious from Old Norse vinda 'to toss', akin to French 'guinder'
guinda= hoisting rope from Old Norse vinda
guindaste= crane, winch via French 'guindeau < guindas', from Old Norse vindáss
vaga= wave possibly from Old Norse vagr or Gothic vega from Germanic vigan akin to French 'vague'
from Old Swedish">Swedish language">Swedish
dinamite= dynamite, compound word by Swedish inventor and chemist Alfred Nobel
rena= reindeer, from Old Swe. 'ren'
tungsténio= tungsten, from Old Swe. 'tung' and 'sten'
tungsténico= relative to tungsten
from Gothic">Gothic language">Gothic, Suebian">Suebian language">Suebian
agarimar, garimar from *garīman
aringa from Gothic hrings
aleive from Gothic lavjan
aleivosia from Gothic lavjan
aleivoso from Gothic lavjan
albergue from Gothic haribergo
albergaria
albergar from Gothic haribergo
agasalhar= perhaps from Latin *ad-gasaliare, from Visigothic *gasalja
agarimar, garimar= 'to bring close, to add' from Suebicachegar, juntar' < PG *garīman 'juntar, ajuntar, somar'
ardil= from Gothic ?????? 'hard' or Frankish ardjan
ardiloso= from Gothic ?????? 'hard' or Frankish ardjan
atacar= to attack: Old Italian attaccare "to fasten, join, unite, attack ", changed from estacar "to fasten, join", from Visigothic stakka "a stick, stake", from Germanic stak-, see estaca in Germanic section.
atavio= attire, from Gothic *attaujan
ataviar = to dress, to saddle a horse
atirar = to throw, to add, from Gothic/Suebian *taíran
bramir, bramar = to bellow, to roar
bramido= roar, bellowing, thundering
broslar= to knit from *bruzdjan
brétema= mist, steam from *breÞmaz
britar= to break, to crush from *breutan
britadeira= crusher, grinder, trimmer *same as above
brita= grit *same as above
broa= 'rye and corn bread' from Visigothic *brauth
broeiro= rude, gross, peasant, unpolished person *same as above
crocar= 'to twist, to turn, to bend from *kreukan ˂ ancient Norse *krōkr 'hook'
duende= elf, gnome, from *tomt akin to Swedish 'tomten'
escuma or espuma= foam, scum from *skūmaz
escumalha= scumbag *same as above
esgrima= fencing, from Visigothic *skirmja
esmorecer= to fade, to faint, from *smorjan
esmorecido= unconscious, faint, weak, from *smorjan as above
espetar = to pierce, jab, thrust, penetrate, impale, from *spitus
espêto= skewer, stick, prick, valve, sluice
faísca= spark, ash, from Visigothic or Suebian *falwiskan. From medieval 'falisca', cognate of Swedish falaska, Mid-High German valwische, Norse fọlski.
fouveiro= blond from *fouvo ˂ *falwaz
gavião= hawk, from Visigothic *gabila, akin to German Gabel 'fork'.
laverca= 'lark', from *laiwarikōn
gadanha= 'scythe', from Gothic *waithô 'meadow, grazing field, pasture'; cf. OGer. weida, ONed. weitha.
gadanhar= to reap, from Gothic *waithô as above
esgadanhar, agadanhar= to scratch, to scrape, from Gothic *waithô as above
ganir= crying, barking, moaning, from *guannire ˂ *wānnian/*wainōn
gastalho= clip, hook from *gastelljan
guarda= guard, bodyguard, protection: from Visigothic wardja "a guard", from Germanic wardaz, from the IE root wor-to-, see guardar below in Germanic section.
guardião= guardian: from Visgothic wardjan accusative of wardja, see guardia above.
gravato, grabato, garavato= small hoe from *grabam
maga= fish guts, from *magōn akin to German 'Magen'
esmagar= to crush, to gut, from *magōn
melharuco, melharouco, milharão, milharós, milheirós= bee-eater, from *maisingaz ˃ Suebian *maisingra
ripa= rib, from Gothic *ribjô ˂ *rebjam
trigar, atrigar= 'to haste, to hurry' from *þrenhan
tosquiar= to shear, to cut very short, from Visigothic *skairan
tosquia, tosquiadela= shearing, clip from Visigothic *skairan, same as above
vanguejar, vaguear, vaguejar= to waver, to wobble, from *wangaz < *wankjan
Banco from Gothic banka
Banca from Gothic banka
Banqueiro from Gothic banka
Bancário from Gothic banka
Intrabancário from Gothic banka
Multibanco from Gothic banka
Barão, Baronesa from Germanic baro
Branco from Germanic blank
Branco from Germanic blank
Branca from Germanic blanka
Brancura from Germanic blank
Branquicento from Germanic blank
Branquela from Germanic blank
Branqueio from Germanic blank
Branqueamento
Branquear, Esbranquear, Embranquecer
Brasa from Gothic *bras, brasa
Braseiro from Gothic *bras, brasa
Brasalisco from Gothic *bras, brasa
Brasido from Gothic *bras, brasa
Brasil from Gothic *bras, brasa
Brasão from Gothic *bras, brasa
Brasonado from Gothic *bras, brasa
Broa "loaf" from Germanic brauþam
Broeiro from Germanic brauþam
Bucho from Germanic uuasbucho
Camisa "shirt"
Destacar from Gothic stakka
Destaque from Gothic stakka
Elmo from Gothic hilms
Espanca from Ancient Germanic
Espancar
Espancamento
Espora from Gothic spaúra
Esporão from Gothic spaúra
Estaca from Gothic stakka
Estacada from Gothic stakka
Estacar from Gothic stakka
Escanção from Gothic skankja
Escançar, Escancear, Escanchar from Gothic skankja
Escarnir *Escarniçar from Germanic skernjan
Escarniçar from Germanic skernjan
Escárnio, from Germanic skernjan
Escarninho, from Germanic skernjan
Escarninhamente, from Germanic skernjan
Escarnecedor, from Germanic skernjan
Escarnicação, from Germanic skernjan
Escarniçador, etc. from Germanic skernjan
Escarpa, from Gothic skarpô
Escarpado, from Gothic skarpô
Escarpamento, from Gothic skarpô
Escarpar , from Gothic skarpô
Fona from Gothic fon
Fornir from Gothic frumjan
Ganhar from Germanic waidanjan
Ganho from Germanic waidanjan
Gavião from Germanic gabilans
Godo/Gótico from Gothic guthans
Guarda from Germanic wardaz, Visigothic wardjan, Suebian wardon Gothic wer
Guardião from Germanic wardaz, Visigothic wardjan Gothic wer
Guardar from Germanic wardaz, Visigothic wardjan Gothic wer
Aguardar from Germanic wardaz, Visigothic wardjan Gothic wer
Resguardar from Germanic wardaz, Visigothic wardjan, Suebian wardon Gothic wer
Guarida from Germanic warjan
Garagem also Germanic warjan "to protect"
Guarnecer also from Germanic warjan
Guelra from Proto-Germanic gelunaz
Guelrita from Proto-Germanic gelunaz
Guelricho, Galrracho from Proto-Germanic gelunaz
Guerra, Guerreio from Gothic wirro
Guerrear from Gothic wirro
Guerreiro from Gothic wirro
Guerreão from Gothic wirro
Guerrilha from Gothic wirro
Aguerrido from Gothic wirro
Aguerrir , Aguerreirar from Gothic wirro
Aguerridamente from Gothic wirro
Guia from Gothic wida
Guiar from Gothic wida
Lasca from Gothic laska
Lascar from Gothic laska
Lascarino or Lascarinho from Gothic laska
Orgulho from Germanic urgōli
Orgulhoso from Germanic urgōli
Orgulhosamente from Germanic urgōli
Orvalho from Germanic ur + vallen < Proto-Germanic ūrą + fallaną
Marta from Gothic marthus
Roubo from Germanic raubon
Roubador from Germanic raubon
Roubar from Germanic raubon
Roubalheira from Germanic raubon
Roca from Gothic ruka
Sala from Germanic sal
Salão from Germanic sal
Sala de Jantar from Germanic sal
Sala de espera from Germanic sal
Saleta, Salinha, Antessala or Ante-Sala from Germanic sal
Tampa from Gothic tappa
Texugo or Teixugo from Gothic *thahsuks, shortening of *thahsus-
Triscar from Gothic thriskan
Tascar from Gothic taskon
Trégua from Gothic trigivo
Atreguar from Gothic trigivo
Ufa from Gothic ufjo
Ufano from Gothic ufjo
Ufanear or Ufanar from Gothic ufjo
Vaga from Gothic vega < vigan
from Germanic">Germanic languages">Germanic
abandonar = to abandon: from Old French a bandon, from a + bandon "control" from ban "proclamation, jurisdiction, power", from Germanic banwan, bannan "to proclaim, speak publicly"
abandono= abandonment, solitude
abandonado= abandoned, rejected, derelict
abordar = to board a ship, to approach, to undertake: from a- + bordo "side of a ship", variation of borde, see borde below
abotoar: to button: from a- + botão "button", see botão below
abrasar= to burn, to parch: from a- + brasa "a coal, ember" + the verbal suffix -ar
aguentar= "to put up with"
aguardar= to wait, wait for: from a- + guardar, see guardar below.
alabarda= halberd, from * helmbarte
alemão= of Germany, the German language: from Late Latin Alemanni, an ancient Germanic tribe, from Germanic alamanniz, from ala- "all" + mannis, plural of manna-/mannaz "man" from the IE root man- "man"
ardil= trick,, ruse: from Old Spanish ardid "risky undertaking in war", from Catalan ardit "risky undertaking, strategy", from ardit "daring, bold", from a Germanic source represented in Old High German harti "daring, bold" and hart "hard", both from the IE root kor-tu- .
arenque= herring: possibly via French hareng, from Germanic.
harpa= a harp: from French: harpe, from Germanic harpōn-.
arrimar= to approach: possibly from Old French arrimer, arimer "to arrange the cargo in the storeroom of a ship", from Germanic rūmaz "room"
atrapar= to trap, to ensnare: from French attraper, from Old French a- + trape "trap", from Germanic trep- from the IE root dreb-, from der- "to run."
bala= a bullet: Italian balla/palla, from Germanic ball-, see beisebol above in Old English section.
balear= "to shoot"
balcão a balcony: from Italian balcone, from Old Italian balcone "scaffold", from Germanic balkōn "beam, crossbeam", from the IE root bhelg- "beam, board, plank."
balão= a large ball: from Italian ballone, pallone, balla + -one, an augmentive suffix, related to and possibly the source of Spanish -ão. see here.
banda= ribbon, band, sash: from Old French bande "knot, fastening", from Germanic '*band-', from the IE root bhondh-, from bhendh-
banda= band, troop, musical group: from Germanic '*bandwa-', "standard, signal", also "group", from the IE root bha- "to shine".
bandeira= banner: from Vulgar Latin bandaria "banner", from Late Latin bandum "standard", from Germanic bandwa, see banda= group below
bandido= bandit, gangster: from Italian bandito "bandit", from bandire "to band together", from Germanic *banwan, see abandonar above
banco "bench; bank"
banqueiro "banker, financier"
banca "bench, seat"
bancada "row of seats, stall"
Abancar "to settle somewhere"
banquete= a banquet: rom Old French banquet, diminutive of banc "bench, long seat", of Germanic origin, of the same family as the Old High German banc, see banco= bench above in Old High German section.
banquetear "to feast, to have a banquet"
barão, baronesa, baronato "baron, baroness, baronet"
bisonte Bison bison: from Latin bisontem "wisent ", from Germanic wisand-, wisunt-.
branco= white, white person, blank: from Vulgar Latin blancus, from Germanic blank- "to shine", from the IE root.
briga= fight, scuffle: from Gothic *Brika-, Old High German Brech-en, Anglo-Saxon break. :Derivatives: brigar 'to fight'
bloco= a block, a bloc: from French bloc, from Middle Dutch blok "trunk of a tree", from a Germanic source represented in the Old High German bloh.
bloqueio= "roadblock, blockade"
bloquear= "to block, to veto, to stop"
bloqueado= "something or someone which is blocked, halted, trapped"
boémio or boêmio= a bohemian, of Bohemia, vagabond, eccentric, Gitano, Gypsy: from bohemio/Bohemia, from Latin bohemus, from Boihaemum, literally "place of the Boi/Boii + Latin -haemum "home", from Germanic haima "home", from the IE root koi-mo-
bola= ball from Proto-Germanic *balluz, *ballô, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoln-, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel-
bolas= colloquial bollocks, coward, popular interjection idiom 'ora bolas!' oh my! or damn it!, to express frustration or disapproval. From Proto-Germanic *balluz
borda= border, edge: from Old French bord "side of a ship, border, edge", from Frankish
bordar= "to knit"
bordado= "knit work"
bosque= forest, woods: from Catalan of Provençal of Old French bosc, from Germanic busk- "brush, underbrush, thicket".
bosquejo= a sketch, outline, rough draft: from Spanish bosquejar "to sketch, to outline", probably from Catalan bosquejar from bosc, see bosque above.
bota= a boot: from or simply from the same source as French botte "boot", from Old French bote "boot", probably from the same source as Modern French pied bot "deformed foot" in which bot is from Germanic būtaz, from the IE root bhau- "to strike", see botar below.
botar= to throw, to bounce, to jump: from Old French boter, bouter "to open, to hit, to strike, to perforate", from Romance bottare "to strike, to push, to shove", from Germanic buttan "to hit, to strike" from the IE root bhau-
botão= button: from Old French boton, bouton "button", from boter, bouter "to open, perforate", see botar above
bóia= a buoy: probably from Old French boie, from Germanic, possibly from Old High German bouhhan, from Germanic baukna- "signal", from the IE root bha- "to shine"
brasa= a coal, ember: from Old French brese "a coal", probably from Germanic bres-, bhres-, from the IE root bhreu-
brincar= to play from Proto-Germanic *blīkaną/blinkaną.
brinquedo= toy from Proto-Germanic *blīkaną/blinkaną.
brincadeira= joyful play, joke, prank from Proto-Germanic *blīkaną/blinkaną.
chouriço, choiriça= Latinised SAURICIUM, from Suebian/Gothic SAURAZ 'dried, smoked'
churrasco, churrasqueira, churrascaria, churrascar= from Suebian/Gothic SAURUS
estaca= a stake: from Germanic stak-, from the IE root steg- ", post pointed stick".
estibordo= starboard side of a ship: from Old French estribord "starboard",, from a Germanic source. From Germanic stiurjō "to steer", + Germanic
faca= knife from a Germanic source, uncertain if Old German happa or Frankish *happja, cognate of French hache, Spanish hacha, English hatchet or axe
gaita= bagpipe Uncertain, but likely from Old Suebian, akin to Visigothic *agaits- 'goat' from Proto Indo-European *ghaido-. Most logical origin as bagpipes were traditionally made from goats skin.
grupo= group: rom Italian gruppo, from a Germanic word represented by Old High German kropf "beak."
guardar= to guard, watch over, keep, observe : from Germanic wardōn "to look after, take care of", from the IE root wor-to-, "to watch", from wor-, wer- "to see, watch, perceive"
guarnecer = to garnish, to trim from *warnjan-
guarnição= garrison, trimming
oboé= an oboe: from French hautbois from haut + bois "wood", see bosque above.
roca= roc, spindle: from Gothic *rukka
saco, sacola= bag, sack, rucksack
sacar = to snap, to extract, to snatch, to withdraw
saque= withdrawal, theft
ressaque, ressacar= money order, to collect a money order
saxónico, saxão= Saxon
sala, salinha, saleta= a room: from Germanic sal- "room, house", from the IE root sol- "hamlet, human settlement."
salão= main room of a house + -on, augmentive suffix.
saxofone "saxophone"
sopa = soup,
sul= south
sudeste= southeast
sudoeste= southwest
sueco= Swedish
suisso, suíço= Swiss
suíno= swine, pig from Proto-Germanic *swinan 'pig'
suinicultor, suinocultor= pig farmer from Proto-Germanic swinan + Latin cultor
suinicultura= porcine breeding from Proto-Germanic swinan + Latin colere
suinicídio= pig killing from Proto-Germanic swinan + Latin cidium
tacho= pot, pan
taco= stick, chalck
tacão = heel
talo, talão= stem, branch, heel
tampão, tampon= tampon
tampa= "top, lid"
tapar= to cover, to hide
teta, tetinha, tetona, tetão= tit, breast
teutónico= teutonic, powerful
trampa= a : possibly from Germanic, from the same derivation as trampolín and atrapar.
trampolim= a trampoline: from Italian trampolino "trampoline", from trampoli, plural of a Germanic word tramp-, from the IE root dreb-,
toalha= towel
toalhete= "handtowel"
toalhinha= "small towel"
toldo= tarpaulin, cover
toldar= to mist up, to darken, to sadden
trepar= to climb, to copulate
trepada= shag
trombone= trombone
tromba= snout, face
trombudo= someone unfriendly looking
tromba d'água= gusty showers
trombão, trompão= thicker part of a fishing rod
trombar= to sip down food, to scoff up
tropa= troop
atropar= to gather troops
trupe= group, band, gang, student group, artistic group
trupar= to knock someone's door
trotar= to run, a horse running
tungsténio= tungsten
vanguarda= vanguard: from Old Spanish avanguardia, from Catalan avantguarda from avant "before, advance", + guarda "guard", from Germanic wardaz, see guardia above in Visigothic section.
vagão, vagonete, vagoneta= "wagon"
valquiria= Walkyrie
vândalo= "vandal, destructive person"
vandalismo= vandalism"
varão, varonil= "male, manly"
venda= blindfold: from Proto-Germanic * bǐnda-
vendar = to blindfold, from * bǐnda
desvendar = to unfold, to resolve a mystery, plot or a crime. From *bǐnda
vermute= vermuth
wagneriano= "Wagnerian"
Others

A

abandonar; abandono= "to abandon" ; "abandon"
atacar= "to attack"
abordar= "to attack "
B
bala
balcão= "balcony"
bandeira
bandoleiro= "bandit"
banquete
barão
bébé or bebê= "baby"
bife= "beefsteak"
bigode= "moustache"
bisonte
branco; branca= "white"
bloco; bloquear= "block; to block"
bote= "boat"
brecha= ", "
brinde= "toast"
brio= "spirit", ""
brisa= "breeze"
brocha
brotar= "to sprout"
buganvília = "bougainvillea"
burguês= "bourgeoisie", "member of the middle class"
busca; buscar="search, find, look for"
C
carpa "carp"
chocar "to, collide"
clube "club, association"
cobalto "cobalt"
comarca "region"
correia= "strap, belt, leash"
D
dália= dahlia
dinamarquês= "a Dane, a citizen of the Kingdom of Denmark"
dança; dançar= "dance; to dance"
dardo= "a dart"
debute
dique= "a dikewall"
dólar= "a dollar"
E
edredão/edredom= "eiderdown"
emboscar= "to ambush"
embraiagem= "clutch"
enriquecer= "get rich"
estampar= "to stamp"
estampida=same as "estampido" bang, beat, blow
estandarte
este= "east"
estuco; estuque
F
feudal
feudo
flibusteiro
filme= movie, picture
filtro; filtrar
flutuar; frota; flotilha
folclore
fornido; fornecido
forragem
forrar
framboesa
francês
Franco
Franco
franquear=free, no charge, no cost, for free,
frasco=bottle, urn, pot, vase, container
fresco=chilly, icy, freezing, cold
futebol=soccer
G
gabardine; gabardina
gaita
galante
galardão
galope
gado
ganhar
ganso; gansa
garagem
garantia
garbo
gardênia
garrote
gavião
gravar
gripe, gripa
grisalho
groselha
grupo
gadanha
guarida
guarnição
guerra, germ. warra, lat. bellum
guerrilha
gueto
guia= "a guide"
guiar
guilhotina
guião
grinalda
guisa
guisar
H
falar
heraldo
I
inglês
instalar
J
jardim
K

L

lastro
lata
lista
lote
lotaria
lua-de-mel
M
maleta
Malta
maquiagem
marcar
marcha
marchar
marechal
marquês
marquesa
marta
mascote
mação
mastro
N
nórdico
normando
norte
O
oeste= "west"
orgulho = pride
P
palco
paquete
placa
Q
queque= "cake"
quinquilharia= "old junk", "cheap antiques shop"
R
rancho
raça= "race " from Italian raza of Gmc origin, akin to OHG rīga, line; OE ræw, row
raspar
rata
ratão
refrescar
refutar
reno
retaguarda
rico
rifa
rifle
riqueza
roubar
roubo
rum
roupa
rumba
russo
S
sala
salão
saxofone
sopa
sud- /sul
sueco
suíço
T
tacha
taco
tacão
talar
tampão
tapa
tapar
tarjeta
teta
teutónico
toalha
toldo
tope
trampa
trégua
trepar
trombone
trompa
trompeta
tropa
trotar
tungsténio
U
ufano
V
vagão
valquíria
valsa
vadio
vandalismo
vândalo
varão
venda
vermute
W
wagneriano
X

Z

zinco zinc
Germanic Names

Ancient Roman-derived names are the most numerous in Portugal and Portuguese-speaking countries. Together with Germanic-derived names they constitute the majority of those today. With globalisation, a number of new Germanic names exist in Portuguese:

Forenames

Alberto, Adalberto= from the Germanic name Adalbert, composed of the elements adal "noble" and beraht "bright". This name was common among medieval German royalty. Used in Western Europe mainly: Aubert, Adalbert, Adelbert, Albrecht, Adalbert, Adelbert, Albertus, Adalberht, Adalbert, Albertus, Alpertti, Altti, Pertti, Abbe, Abe, Alberte, Adalberto, Alberto, Bèr, Albertas, Adalberto, Alberto
Albertina, Alberta= same as above
Albina= Portuguese, Italian, Spanish, Russian, Slovene, Polish, German, Ancient Roman form of 'ALBINUS'
Adelaide= from Germanic Adalheidis, which was composed of the elements adal "noble" and heid "kind, sort, type". It was borne in the 10th century by Saint Adelaide, the wife of the Holy Roman Emperor Otto the Great.
Adelardo, Abelardo= from the ancient Germanic name Adalhard, composed of the elements adal "noble" and hard "brave, hardy
Adélia, Adelina, Adele, Aline= Portuguese, Italian, Spanish, Romanian, German, Ancient Germanic *ADELA
Adelino= from Germanic "Athal-win", meaning of noble birth
Ademar=
Adolfo=
Adosinda= from a Visigothic name derived from the Germanic elements aud "wealth" and sinþs "path".
Adriano= Portuguese for Adrian in English, Romanian, Polish, German, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Russian, form of 'Hadrianus'
Afonso= from Ancient Germanic Adalfuns, Alfons, Hadufuns, Hildefons. Used in Western Europe
Afonsina=
Agildo=
Agnaldo=
Aldo=
Alda, Aldina= originally a short form of Germanic names beginning with the element ald "old", and possibly also with adal "noble"
Alfredo=
Alice= from the Old French name Aalis, a short form of Adelais, itself a short form of the Germanic name Adalheidis. Used in English, French, Portuguese, Italian and all over Europe with numerous variants.
Aloísio=
Álvaro= cognate of Nordic ALVAR. From Ancient Germanic Alfher, Alfarr, name composed of the elements alf "elf" and hari "army, warrior". Mainly Nordic= Alvar, Elvar, Alvar, Alvaro
Alzira= relatively rare name. 'Alzira' or 'Alzire' is a Germanic name meaning `Beauty, Ornament`
Amalia, Amália, Amélia, = Portuguese, Italian, Romanian, Dutch, German, from Latinized form of the Germanic name 'Amala', a short form of names beginning with the element amal meaning "work".
Amaro= from the Germanic name 'Audamar', derived from the elements aud "wealth, fortune" and meri "famous". Variants: Otmar, Othmar, Otmar, Ottmar, Ottomar, Amaro
Américo= Portuguese form of Ancient German 'Emmerich'. In other languages: Emery, Amery, Emory, Émeric, Emmerich, Imre, Imrus, Amerigo, Imrich
Anselmo= from the Germanic elements ans "god" and helm "helmet, protection". Used in Western Europe
Arlete= variation of French Arlette, from Germanic 'Herleva' possibly a derivative of hari "army", era "honour", or erla "noble". This was the name of the mother of William the Conqueror, who, according to tradition, was a commoner.
Armando, Armindo= a derivation of Herman, from Ancient Germanic Hariman, Herman, Hermanus
Armanda, Arminda= same as above
Arnaldo= from Proto-Germanic Arnold, used in Western Europe= Arnau, Arnoud, Aart, Arend, Arnold, Arn, Arnie, Arnaud, Ane, Anne, Arnold, Arend, Arndt, Arne, Nöl, Nölke
Arnaldina=
Anselmo= Portuguese variation of German, English, Ancient Germanic 'ANSELM' from the elements ans "god" and helm "helmet, protection".
Astolfo=
Ataúlfo=
Aubri= from the Germanic Alberich, derived from the elements alf "elf" and ric "power".
Austragésilo=
Baldemar, Baldomero= from Ancient Germanic Baldomar, derived from the elements bald "bold, brave" and meri "famous
Balduíno=
Belmiro=
Beltrão= from the Germanic element beraht "bright" combined with hramn "raven. Used in Western Europe: Beltran Bertrand, Bertrand Bertram, Bertrando
Barbara= Portuguese, English, Italian, French, German, Polish, Hungarian, Slovene, Croatian, Late Roman derived from Greek βαρβαρος meaning "foreign"
Bernardo= from the Germanic name Bernard, derived from the element bern "bear" combined with hard "brave, hardy"
Bernardino, Bernardim=
Bernardina, Bernadete, Bernardete=
Blimunda= from the Germanic element bili "gentleness" combined with Old High German mund "protection."
Branca, Bianca= from the Germanic word "blanc". European variants: Blanka, Blanka, Blanche, Blanche Branca, Bianka, Bianka, Blanka, Bianca, Bianka, Blanka, Bianca, Blanka, Blanka, Blanca
Bruno= Portuguese, German, Italian, French, Spanish, Croatian, Polish, from Ancient Germanic element brun "armour, protection" or brun "brown"
Brunilde= from Ancient Germanic variant of 'BRÜNHILD'
Carlos, Carlo= from the Germanic name Karl, which was derived from a Germanic word meaning "man". An alternative theory states that it is derived from the common Germanic element hari meaning "army, warrior". Used all over Europe
Carolina, Carla, Carlota= female versions of the Germanic name 'Karl' above. Used in the UK, Portugal, Italy, Spain, Sweden and with variants all over Europe : Charlize, Carla, Karla, Karolina, Lina, Karolína, Kája, Caroline, Karla, Karolina, Karoline, Charlotte, Ina, Lina, Line, Carla, Carola, Carolien, Caroline, Charlotte, Lien, Karoliina, Iina, Liina, Carole, Caroline, Charline, Charlotte, Line, Carla, Carola, Carolin, Caroline, Karla, Karolina, Karoline, Charlotte, Ina, Karola, Karola, Karolina, Lili, Séarlait, Karolina, Lina, Karolina, Caroline, Karla, Karolina, Karoline, Charlotte, Ina, Lina, Line, Karolina, Karolina
Clodoaldo=
Clodomir=
Clodovil=
Clotilde= form of the Germanic name Chlotichilda which was composed of the elements hlud "fame" and hild "battle". Saint Clotilde was the wife of the Frankish king Clovis, whom she converted to Christianity. Used in France, Portugal, Italy, Spain
Clóvis=
Conrado= from the Germanic elements kuoni "brave" and rad "counsel". This was the name of a 10th-century saint and bishop of Konstanz, in southern Germany. Variants: Konrad, Kurt, Dino, Konrád, Konrad, Koenraad, Koen, Koert, Konrád, Corrado, Corradino, Dino, Konrad, Kondrat, Konrad, Konrád, Konrad, Conrado, Konrad
Cremilde=
Deolinda= from the Germanic name Theudelinda, derived from the elements theud "people" and linde "soft, tender". In decline, mainly used in Portugal, Brazil and Galicia
Duarte= from Germanic Ead "rich" and Weard "guardian"
Dieter= from ancient Germanic Theudhar, derived from the elements theud "people" and hari "army"
Djalma=
Eberardo=
Edgar=
Edite, Edith= from the Old English name Eadgyð, derived from the elements ead "wealth, fortune" and gyð "war". It was popular among Anglo-Saxon royalty, being borne for example by Saint Eadgyeth;, the daughter of King Edgar the Peaceful. Variants: Edyth, Edytha, Edit, Edita, Edita, Édith, Edit, Edita, Eda, Edyta, Edita, Edita
Edmar=
Edmundo= Portuguese form of EDMUND. In other European languages: Eadmund, Edmund, Ed, Eddie, Eddy, Ned, Edmond, Edmé, Edmund, Ödön, Ödi, Éamonn, Eamon, Éamon, Edmondo, Edmao, Mao, Edmund
Edna=
Eduardo= see 'Duarte' above
Eduarda=
Eduvigis=
Edvaldo=
Edvino= Portuguese form of Edwin, from the Old English elements ead "wealth, fortune" and wine "friend"
Egil= from the Old Norse name Egill, a diminutive of names that began with the element agi "awe, terror"
Elba=
Elder=
Elgar= from Old English ælf "elf" and gar "spear"
Elmar, Elmer= from the Old English name ÆÐELMÆR
Elvira= Portuguese form of a Visigothic name, possibly composed of the Germanic elements ala "all" and wer "true". Variants: Allovera, Elvire, Elwira, Elvíra, Elvira, Elvirä, Эльвира
Elsa=
Elza=
Eurico, Érico, Eric, Erik= From Old High German êwa "time, age, law" combined with rîcja "powerful, strong, mighty." The second element is also closely related to Celtic rîg or rix and Gothic reiks, which all mean "king, ruler." However, this name can also be a short form of Eburic. Euric was the name of a 5th-century king of the Visigoths.
Ema= Originally a short form of Germanic names that began with the element ermen meaning "whole" or "universal". Used in different variations, mainly in Western Europe.
Ermenegildo=
Ermelindo=
Ernesto= Portuguese form of Ancient Germanic 'ERNST' used in German, Dutch, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, Dutch, English 'ERNEST'
Ernestina=
Etelvino= from Adalwin, formed of the Germanic elements adal "noble" and win "friend". Variants: Alwin, Alwyn, Alvin, Elvin, Alwin
Etelvina= Female variant of 'Adalwin', from the Germanic elements adal "noble" and win "friend". Used also in Spanish.
Evaldo= from the ancient Germanic name Ewald, composed of the elements ewa "law, custom" and wald "rule"
Evelina, Ivelina, Avelina, Evelyne, Lina, Lynn, Lynne= from the Norman French form of the Germanic name Avelina, a diminutive of AVILA. Variants: Eileen, Evelina, Avaline, Ava, Avelina, Aveza, Avila, Evelien, Eveline, Evelin, Eveliina, Eveline, Évelyne, Ava, Evelin, Evelin, Eibhlín, Eileen, Aileen, Evelina, Lina, Ewelina, Aileen, Evelina
Francisco, Francisca= FRANCISCUS, FRANZISKA from Ancient Germanic form of Franciscus
Fernando, Fernão, Fernandino= from a Germanic name composed of the elements fardi "journey" and nand "daring, brave". The Visigoths brought the name to the Iberian Peninsula, where it entered into the royal families of Spain and Portugal. From there it became common among the Habsburg royal family of the Holy Roman Empire and Austria, starting with the Spanish-born Ferdinand I in the 16th century. A notable bearer was Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan, called Fernão de Magalhães in Portuguese, who was the leader of the first expedition to sail around the earth. Variants: Fernand, Ferdinand, Ferdi, Ferdinand, Ferdi, Ferdie, Ferdy, Veeti, Vertti, Ferran, Ferdinánd, Nándor, Ferdinando, Ferdynand, Fernando, Hernando, Hernán, Nando
Fernanda= same as above
Frederico, Fred= form of a Germanic name meaning "peaceful ruler", derived from frid "peace" and ric "ruler, power". This name has long been common in continental Germanic-speaking regions, being borne by rulers of the Holy Roman Empire, Germany, Austria, Scandinavia, and Prussia. Variants: Bedřich, Frederik, Frederik, Fred, Freek, Frits, Rik, Fredrik, Veeti, Frédéric, Fred, Fedde, Friedrich, Fiete, Fred, Fritz, Frigyes, Friðrik, Federico, Federigo, Fredo, Fricis, Frīdrihs, Fredrik, Fryderyk, Friderik, Federico, Fredrik
Genival=
Geraldo=
Germano=
Germana=
Gertrudes= from Ancient Germanic Geretrudis, Gertrud. Used all over Europe with variations
Gilberto, Gil=
Gildo=
Gilmar=
Giraldo=
Gisele, Gisela=
Godiva=
Godofredo= from Germanic Godafrid, which meant "peace of god" from the Germanic elements god "god" and frid "peace"
Gonçalo= from Ancient Germanic Gundisalvus. See Gonçal, Gonzalo
Gualberto= from the Germanic name Waldobert, composed of the elements wald "rule" and beraht "bright". Variants: Gaubert, Wob, Wubbe, Wob, Wobbe, Wubbe
Gualter= see also Valter/Walter
Guido=
Guilherme= Portuguese equivalent of William in English, from Ancient Germanic Wilhelm or Willahelm. See Breton: Gwilherm. Used all over Europe in numerous variations
Guilhermina=
Guiomar= from the Germanic name Wigmar, which is formed of the elements wig "war, battle" and meri "famous"
Gumercindo=
Gustavo= from Gundstaf, possibly means "staff of the Goths", derived from the Old Norse elements Gautr "Goth" and stafr "staff". Used all over Europe
Haroldo= from Old Norse Haraldr derived from the elements here "army" and weald "power, leader, ruler". Variants: Hariwald, Hereweald, Harald, Harold, Harri, Harald, Haraldur, Aroldo, Harald, Haroldo, Harald, Harri
Hedda=
Hélder, Helder, Elder= maybe from the name of the Dutch town of Den Helder or derived from the Germanic given name HULDERIC; elments hulda "merciful, graceful" and ric "power, rule".
Helga=
Hélmut= from the Germanic name Helmut, formed of the elements helm "helmet" and muot "spirit, mind"
Heloísa=
Henrique= from Germanic Heimirich which meant "home ruler", composed of the elements heim "home" and ric "power, ruler". It was later commonly spelled Heinrich, with the spelling altered due to the influence of other Germanic names like Haganrich, in which the first element is hagan "enclosure". Heinrich was popular among continental royalty, being the name of seven German kings, starting with the 10th-century Henry I the Fowler, and four French kings. In France it was rendered Henri from the Latin form Henricus. Variants all over Europe: Heimirich, Heinrich, Henricus Ancient Germanic, Henrik Armenian, Endika Basque, Enric Catalan, Henrik Croatian, Jindřich, Hynek Czech, Henrik, Henning Danish, Hendrik, Henricus, Heike, Heiko, Hein, Henk, Hennie, Henny, Rik Dutch, Hendrik, Indrek Estonian, Harri, Henri, Henrikki, Heikki Finnish, Henri French, Heike, Heiko Frisian, Anri Georgian, Heinrich, Hendrik, Henrik, Heiner, Heinz, Henning German, Henrik Hungarian, Hinrik Icelandic, Anraí, Einrí Irish, Enrico, Arrigo, Enzo, Rico Italian, Henrikas, Herkus Lithuanian, Hinnerk, Hinrich, Heike, Heiko Low German, Herry Medieval English, Henrik, Henning Norwegian, Henryk Polish, Eanraig, Hendry Scottish, Henrich Slovak, Henrik Slovene, Enrique, Kike, Quique Spanish, Henrik, Henning Swedish, Harri Welsh.
Henriqueta= Female version, as above
Heraldo= from the Old English name Hereweald, derived from the elements here "army" and weald "power, leader, ruler". The Old Norse cognate Haraldr was also common among Scandinavian settlers in England. This was the name of five kings of Norway and three kings of Denmark. See also Harold and Harald.
Herberto, Heriberto=
Herman, Hermano= from the Germanic elements hari "army" and man "man". Used in English, Dutch, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Slovene
Hermenegildo= from a Visigothic name which meant "complete sacrifice" from the Germanic elements ermen "whole, entire" and gild "sacrifice, value". It was borne by a 6th-century saint, the son of Liuvigild the Visigothic king of Hispania. Used in Western Europe: Erminigild, Ermenegilde, Hermenegild, Ermenegildo, Hermenegildo
Hermínio=
Herminia=
Hilda, Ilda= From Proto-Germanic Hildr, Hild, Hilda, used in Western Europe= Hilda, Hilda, Hilde, Hilda, Hilda, Hilde, Hildur, Hildr, Hilda, Hilde, Hildur, Hilda, Hilda, Hildur
Hildeberto, Hildiberto= Portuguese variant of Hildebert, Hilbert, from the Germanic elements hild "battle" and beraht "bright"
Hildebrando=
Hildegardo=
Hugo=
Humberto=
Idália, Idalina, Ida= Originally a medieval short form of names beginning with the Old Frankish element idal, extended form of Old Frankish id meaning "work, labour". Used in Western Europe
Ildefonso= from Ancient Germanic Hildefons
Inga=
Ingrid=
Isilda= * possibly Germanic, perhaps from a hypothetic name like Ishild, composed of the elements is "ice, iron" and hild "battle". Could be an early version of Isolda.
Isnard=
Ivo= Germanic name, originally a short form of names beginning with the Germanic element iv meaning "yew". Alternative theories suggest that it may in fact be derived from a cognate Celtic element. This was the name of several saints. Variants: Yvo, Yvo, Erwan, Erwann, Yves, Yvon, Ives, Iwo
Ivone= female version of Ivo
Juscelino, Joscelino= from a Germanic masculine name, variously written as Gaudelenus, Gautselin, Gauzlin, along with many other spellings. It was derived from the Germanic element Gaut, which was from the name of the Germanic tribe the Gauts, combined with a Latin diminutive suffix.
Lars=
Leonardo=
Leonildo=
Leonor, Eleonor, Eleonora= from Occitan Aliénor derived from Ancient Germanic Eanor
Leopoldo= from the Germanic elements leud "people" and bald "bold". The spelling was altered due to association with Latin leo "lion". Used in Western Europe
Liduína= female form derived from Ludwin, Leutwin or Liutwin. There are instances where the first element of the name can also be derived from Old High German hlûd "famous"
Lindolfo=
Lorelei=
Lotário=
Luís, Luiz, Aloisio, Aloysio, Ludovico= from Ancient Germanic Chlodovech, Clodovicus, Ludovicus, Clovis, Hludowig. Used all over Europe
Luisa=
Mafalda= variant from the Germanic name Mahthildis meaning "strength in battle", from the elements maht "might, strength" and hild "battle". Used in Western and central Europe
Manfred=
Matilde= from the Germanic name Mahthildis meaning "strength in battle", from the elements maht "might, strength" and hild "battle". Used in Western and central Europe
Nivaldo=
Norberto= from the Germanic elements nord "north" and beraht "bright". Variants: Norberto, Norbaer, Baer, Bèr, Nor, Norberto
Odorico=
Olavo= from Old Norse Áleifr meaning "ancestor's descendant", derived from the elements anu "ancestor" and leifr "descendant". This was the name of five kings of Norway, including Saint Olaf. Used mainly in Northern Europe: Olaf, Olav, Oluf, Ole, Olaf, Olev, Olavi, Uolevi, Olli, Olaf, Ólafur, Amhlaoibh, Olaf, Olav, Ola, Ole, Olaf, Amhlaidh, Aulay, Olof, Olov, Ola, Olle
Orlando=
Osmar=
Osvaldo, Oswaldo= Portuguese variant of Oswald, from the Old English elements os "god" and weald "power, ruler". See also Old Norse name Ásvaldr.
Osvalda, Osvaldina= female form of Osvaldo
Oto, Otto= short form of various names beginning with the Germanic element aud meaning "wealth, fortune". Used mainly in Northern & Western Europe: Audo, Odilo, Odo, Otto, Otto, Otto, Otto, Otto, Otto, Udo, Ottó, Ottó, Oddo, Ottone, Ottorino, Ode, Eudes, Otto, Otto
Raimundo= from Proto-Germanic *raginaz and *mundō, Raymund
Ramiro= Latinized form of the Visigothic name 'Ramirus' derived from the Germanic elements ragin "advice" and meri "famous". Rare, mainly in Portugal and Spain.
Raul= form of the Old Norse name RÁÐÚLFR. Scandinavian settlers introduced it to England before the Norman conquest, though afterwards it was bolstered by Norman influence. Used mainly in Northern & Western Europe: Rafe, Ralf, Ralf, Ralf, Ralf, Ralf, Raoul, Raul, Raoul, Raúl
Reinaldo, Ronaldo, Reynaldo, Reginaldo= from the Germanic name Raginald, made of elements ragin "advice" and wald "rule". Used in Western Europe: Ragnvald, Reinoud, Reinout, Reino, Renaud, Reynaud, Reinhold, Raghnall, Rinaldo, Ragnvald, Raghnall, Ranald, Ronald, Reynaldo, Ragnvald, Rheinallt
Ricardo= from the Germanic elements ric "power, rule" and hard "brave, hardy". Used all over Europe: Ricard, Richard, Rikard, Richard, Richard, Dick, Rich, Richie, Rick, Rickey, Ricki, Rickie, Ricky, Ritchie, Rikhard, Riku, Richard, Richard, Richárd, Rikárd, Risteárd, Riccardo, Rihards, Ričardas, Rikard, Ryszard, Rihard, Rikard, Rhisiart
Roberto=
Roberta=
Rodrigo= from Germanic Hrodric/Hrēðrīc/Rørik/Hrœrekr, from the Proto-Germanic *Hrōþirīkaz; it was borne by the last of the Visigoth kings and is one of the most common Lusophone personal names of Germanic origin.
Rodolfo= Portuguese variation from Ancient Germanic 'Hrodulf', 'Hrolf', 'Hrólfr', Hróðólfr, Hrothulf, Hroðulf, Rudolf, Rudolf, Rudolf, Rolf, Rudolf, Roelof, Rudolf, Rodolf, Roel, Ruud, Rolf, Rollo, Rudolph, Rodolph, Rolph, Rudy, Rodolphe, Rodolph, Rolf, Rudolf, Rodolf, Rudi, Ruedi, Rudolf, Rudi, Roul, Roul, Rolf, Rudolf, Rudolf, Rudolf, Rudolf, Rolf, Rudolf, Roffe
Rogério= from Proto-Germanic Hrodger, Hróarr, Hróðgeirr, Hroðgar, used in Western Europe= Roger, Roger, Rogier, Rutger, Roger, Rodge, Rodger, Roger, Roger, Rüdiger, Ruggero, Ruggiero, Ruth, Roar, Roger, Roger
Rolando, Orlando, Roldão= from Proto-Germanic Hrodland used all over Europe= Roeland, Roland, Roel, Roland, Rolland, Roly, Rowland, Rowley, Roland, Roland, Loránd, Lóránt, Roland, Orlando, Rolando, Rolan, Rolando, Roldán, Roland
Romildo=
Ronaldo=
Rosalina, Rosalinda= from Ancient Germanic Roslindis. Used in Western Europe
Rui= Equivalent to English Roy from Ancient Germanic Hroderich. Used in Western Europe: Roderic, Roderick, Rod, Roddy, Rodrigue, Rodrigo, Roi, Rodrigo, Rodrigo, Ruy
Ubaldo=
Ulrico=
Valkyria=
Wagner=
Waldemar, Valdemar=
Waldevino, Balduíno = from Proto-Germanic Baldovin, Baldwin, used in Western Europe= Boudewijn, Baldwin, Baudouin, Baldovino, Baldo, Balduino, Maldwyn
Waldir=
Waldo=
Walfredo=
Walter, Valter=
Wanda, Vanda=
Wania, Vânia=
Wilfried, Vilfredo= from Proto-Germanic Willifrid, Wilfrith, Wilfrið, used in Western Europe= Guifré, Vilfred, Wilfred, Wilfrid, Wil, Wilf, Wilfried, Vilfredo Wilfredo
Wolfgang=
Surnames
Abreu= toponymic, from "Avredo" derived from Gothic 'avi' grace and 'redo' to give, to offer. See Norman-French Évreux
Afonso= patronymic of the same name
Antunes= patronymic form of Antonio
Aires= Germanic hypocorism of 'Hari' or 'Hêri' meaning army
Araújo, Araujo= toponymic, from Gothic 'Ruderic'
Arouca= toponymic, derived from Frankish or Gaulish *rusk maybe via old French 'rouche'
Albergaria= from Gothic *haribairgon
Alencar, Alenquer= toponymic, derived from Ancient Germanic "Alankerk" referring to the Alans
Alves, Álvares, Alvarinhos, Alvarengas= patronymic form of Álvaro, from the Old Norse name 'Alfarr' meaning "elf army", formed of the elements alfr "elf" and arr "warrior"
Bandeira= from Ancient Germanic *bandwa, band-
Beltrão= patronymic of the same name, from the Germanic words berht and hramn
Berenguer, Beringer, Berengar= derived from Ancient Germanic 'Geir', 'Ger' meaning bear and spear
Bernardes= patronymic form of Bernardo, from West-Germanic 'Berhard'; composed from the two elements bern "bear" and hard "brave, hardy"
Branco= from Germanic 'blank'
Fernandes= patronymic form of Fernando, archaic Fernão. From old Germanic, composed of the elements frith "protection", frið "peace" and nand "ready, prepared"
Geraldes, Giraldes= patronymic form of Geraldo, from Old High German 'Gerwald', "spear-wielder," from Proto-Germanic *girald, from *ger "spear" + base of waltan "to rule"
Gonçalves= patronymic form of Gonçalo, from the Visigothic name 'Gundisalv' meaning "battle genius" or "war elf"
Guarda, Guardão= from Germanic 'wardon'
Guerra= from Gothic 'wirro'
Guerrinha= from Gothic 'wirro'
Guerreiro= from Gothic 'wirros'
Gusmão= from Gothic 'gutsman'
Guterres= patronymic form of Guterre, from a Visigothic personal name of uncertain form and meaning, a compound of the elements gunþi "battle" and hairus "sword"
Henriques= patronymic form of Henrique, from Old Frankish 'Heimeric/Ermerijc', from Common Germanic *Hainariks
Mendes= patronymic form of Menendo, from Gothic Ermengild
Moniz= patronymic form of archaic Moninho, Monnio, Munnio or Munio. Uncertain, ancient Gascon-Basque or Norse 'Munin'
Norberto= patronymic of the same name, from Germanic Nordberctus, elements 'nort' + berth
Orlando= patronymic of the same name, like 'Roldão' a variant of Roland, from the Old High German Hruodland, a compound name composed of the elements hruod and land
Resende, Rezende= toponymic of Resende, from Suebian 'sinde' and 'sende', derived from the Germanic "sinths"
Ródão= from ancient Germanic Hreih- 'flow, river'
Rodrigues= patronymic form of Rodrigo < Rodericus, from the Old High German 'Hrodrich', a compound name composed from the elements hruod and rik
Roldão= patronymic form of the same name, variant of Roland from the Old High German 'Hruodland', a compounding of the elements hruod and land
Sá= from Germanic 'sal'
Saavedra= combination of Germanic 'sal' + Latin 'vetus< vetera
Salas= from Germanic 'sal'
Velêz, Velez= from Visigothic baptismal name 'Wigila', also possible patronymic of Vela
Viegas= patronymic form of Egas, from the Germanic element 'eg', which means "edge of a sword"
Zeller, VanZeller= Originally Flemish "Zellaer", in Portugal since the 13th century. From Germanic 'kellā̌ri',< Lat. 'cellārium'
Arabic

Between the 8th and mid 13th centuries, Portugal was occupied and under the influence of the Islamic Emirate of Cordoba known as. During that period, although the local populations continued to speak Western Romance, and further south Mozarabic dialects; Arabic being the elite language, lent many new words to Portuguese, thanks to a rich cultural and scientific legacy left in the Iberian Peninsula and the Western world in the Middle Ages.
Words such as 'algebra','algorism ', 'alcohol', 'azimuth', 'sugar', 'coffee' and many others were incorporated into Portuguese and are everyday words:

Alcova from alkubba
Aldeia from aldaya
Alface from alkhass
Algarismo from alkarizmi
Algema from alzhaimar
Almirante from amir + ar-rahl
Almofada from almukhadda
Âmbar from anbar
Armazém from almahazan
Arroz from arruz
Açúcar from "as-sukkar"
Azeite from azzait
Bairro
Fátima from Fāṭimah
Garrafa from garrafā
Girafa from zurafa
Jasmim from yasmin
Jarra from jarra

Many words from the Islamic period were borrowings from Spanish and Mozarabic dialects from the South. Because Portugal expelled the Moors 300 years earlier than Spain, the Arabic influence in Portuguese was relatively small and left no loanwords in the Portuguese lexicon related to human feelings or emotions. Arabic-derived words are easily identifiable in toponymic names of towns and villages, increasing as you travel south Alfama, Alcácer do Sal, Alcoutim, Aljustrel, Algarve and in words relating to geography, agriculture, architecture, astronomy, mathematics, chemicals and food. Projections estimate 400 to 800 Arabic-derived words in Portuguese, with a tendency to decrease as many of these words have entered in disuse over time:

List of Portuguese words of Arabic origin

A

Açafrão الزعفران
Acéquia الساقية
Achaque
Acicate الشكّة
Açoite السوط
Açorda
Açoteia
Açougue
Açucena السوسنة
Açude
Açúcar السكّر
Adarga
Aduana الديوان
Alá
Alabão اللبّان
Alambique
Alarife
Alarve العرب
Albarda
Albardar البردعة
Albufeira البحيرة
Alcáçova القصبة
Alcachofra الخرشف
Alcalóide
Alcaravia الكروية
Alcateia
Alcatifa القطيفة
Alcofa القفّة
Álcool الكحول
Alcorão القرآن
Alcova القبّة
Alecrim
Aletria
Alface خس
Alfaia
Alfaiate الخيّاط
Alfândega الفندق
Alfarela
Alfarroba الخرّوبة
Alfarrobeira
Alfavaca آل
Alfazema الخزامى
Alferes
Alfobre
Alforge
Alforria الحرية
Algarismo
Algarve الغرب
Álgebra علم الجبر
Algema
Algibeira
Algodão القطن
Algodoeiro
Algoritmo خوارزمية
Alguidar القِدر
Alicate قاطعة
Almanaque
Almofada المخدّة
Almôndega
Almorávida المرابط
Almotacé المحتسب
Almotolia
Almoxarife المشرف
Almude
Alqueire
Alqueive
Alvanel
Alvará
alvenarias البناء
Alvíssaras
Armazém ألمخزن
Arroba ألربع
Arroz الرز
Arsenal الترسانة
Atafona
Atalaia
Azar
Azeite الزيت
Azeitona الزيتونة
Azagaia
Azimute السمت
Azenha
Azinhaga
Azulejo الزليج
B
Bafafá
Bairro
Baraço
Bolota
C
Café قهوة
Cáfila
Califa
Ceifa
Ceroulas سراويل
Chafariz
Cherne
Chifra
Cifra
D
Damasco دمشق
E
Elixir
Emir
Emirato
Escabeche
F
Falua
Fatímida
G
Garrafa غرّافة
H
Harém حريم
Haxixe حشيش
I
Imã إمام
Islão إسلام
J
Javali جبلي
L
Laranja
Laranjeira
Lezíria الجزيرة
M
Madraçal مدرسة
Magazine
Masmorra
Matraca
Mesquita مسجد
Metical.
Moçárabe مستعرب
Muezim مؤذّن
Maomé
Muladi
N
Nadir ناطر
Nora نورا : اسم فتاة مشتق من النور
O
Omíada
Oxalá
R
Ramadão
Rês
Resma رزمة
Romã رمان
S
Sáfaro صحراء
Safra
Saloio
Sofá
Sultanato
Sultão
T
Tambor
Tâmara تمر
X
Xarope شرب
Xaveco
Xeque شيخ
Z
Zarabatana
Zénite
Influences from outside Europe

With the Portuguese discoveries linguistic contact was made, and the Portuguese language became influenced by other languages with which it came into contact outside Europe. In Brazil, many placenames and local animals have Amerindian names, the same occurring with the local Bantu languages in Angola and Mozambique.

Africa

Banana from Wolof
Babá, a name developed by the slaves to wet-nurses
Bungular from Kimbundu kubungula
Cachimbo from Kimbundu
Careca from Kimbundu
Cabiri from Kimbundu kabiribiri
Cafuné from Kimbundu kifumate
Capoeira from Kikongo kipura
Cubata/Kubata from Kimbundu kubata
Marimba from Bantu marimba/malimba
Miçanga from Kimbundu

The country name "Angola" is from a Bantu word, N'gola.

Americas

Ananás from Tupi–Guarani naná
Abacaxi from Tupi ibá + cati
Açaí from Tupi–Guarani ïwaca'i
Apache via Fra. from Yuman epache or apachu
Capivara from Tupi ka'apiûara
Caiaque, Kayak via Fra. from Intikut, from Proto-Eskimo qyaq
Goiaba from Arawak guaiaba
Jaguar from Tupi–Guarani jaguara
Jacarandá from Tupi yakara'nda
Maracujá from Tupi moruku'ia
Mocassim via Eng. from Algonquian mockasin
Moicano via Eng. from Algonquian ma'hi'kan
Muriqui from Tupi muri'ki
Piranha from Tupi–Guarani pirá + sainha
Sumaúma Tupi suma'uma
Tatu from Guarani tatu
Tucano from Guarani tucan
Asia
Bengala reduced form of «cana de Bengala»; Bengala is a gulf on the eastern coast of India.
Biombo from the Japanese byōbu
Canja from Malayalam malaiala through concani or concanim.
Chá, from Chinese cha
Corja from Malay kórchchu
Leque abbreviated form of "abano léquio", where léquio means "related to Léquias islands, south of Japan".
Ramarrão, ramerrão or rame-rame, from Hindi ráma-ráma
Manga, from Malayalam 'Mangga', Tamil 'Mankai', or Malay mangga
Catana from Japanese katana

The country name Macau is from Chinese A-mok, name of the city's temple.

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Portuguese vocabulary

Pre-Roman languages of Portugal (Proto-Celtic, Tartessian, Celtic, Basque)

List of Portuguese words of Iberian and Basque origin

Iberian">Iberian language">Iberian-Basque">Basque language">Basque

Basque">Basque language">Basque

Names of Basque origin

Forenames

Surnames

Celtic">Celtic languages">Celtic

List of Portuguese words of Celtic origin

Placenames

Rivers

Names

Forenames

Surnames

A

B

C

D, E, F

G, H, I, J, K

L

M, N

O, P, Q, R

S

T

U, V, W, X, Y, Z

General vocabulary

Germanic languages

List of Portuguese words of Germanic origin

from Dutch">Dutch language">Dutch

from English">English language">English

from Frankish">Frankish language">Frankish

from German">German language">German

from Norwegian">Norwegian language">Norwegian

from Middle Dutch">Dutch language">Dutch

from Middle High German">German language">German

from Middle Low German">German language">German

from Old English">English language">English

from Old High German">German language">German

from Old Norse">Norse language">Norse

from Old Swedish">Swedish language">Swedish

from Gothic">Gothic language">Gothic, Suebian">Suebian language">Suebian

from Germanic">Germanic languages">Germanic

Others

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Z

Germanic Names

Forenames

Surnames

Arabic

List of Portuguese words of Arabic origin

A

B

C

D

E

F