1586 1586 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar . As of the start of 1586, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar.Events June 16 - The deposed and imprisoned Mary, Queen of Scots , recognizes Philip II of Spain as her heir. July 6 - The Treaty of Berwick is signed between Queen Elizabeth I of England and King James VI of Scotland . July 21 - English explorer Thomas Cavendish begins the first deliberately planned circumnavigation of the globe . September 20–21 - Execution of the Babington Plotters: The 14 men convicted of a plot to murder Queen Elizabeth and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots, are hanged, drawn and quartered in St Giles Field, London. September 22 - Battle of Zutphen: Spanish troops defeat the Dutch rebels and their English allies. English poet and courtier Sir Philip Sidney is mortally wounded. October 15-25 - Mary, Queen of Scots, is placed on treason trial at Fotheringhay Castle in England for complicity in the Babington Plot and sentenced to death . November 19 - English Separatist Puritan Henry Barrowe is imprisoned. December 17 - The reign of Emperor Ōgimachi of Japan ends, and Emperor Go-Yōzei ascends to the throne.Date unknown Flemish mathematician Simon Stevin publishes a study showing that two objects of different weight fall with the same speed. St. Augustine, Florida, and Santo Domingo are plundered and burned by English sea captain Sir Francis Drake . Jacobus Gallus composes his motet O magnum mysterium . English topographer William Harrison becomes canon of Windsor . António da Madalena from Portugal is the first westerner to visit Angkor Wat . English ship Vanguard , the first Royal Navy vessel to bear this name, is launched at Woolwich . The cities of Voronezh , Samara , and Tyumen in Russia are founded. Births January 1 - Pau Claris i Casademunt , Catalan ecclesiastic January 20 - Johann Hermann Schein , German composer of the early Baroque era January 29 - Louis Frederick, Duke of Württemberg-Montbéliard February 8 - Jacob Praetorius , German Baroque composer and organist February 15 - Jacques de Bela , French writer February 20 - Hachisuka Yoshishige , Japanese daimyō of the Edo period February 24 - Matthias Faber , German Jesuit priest, writer February 26 - Niccolò Cabeo , Italian Jesuit writer, theologian March 12 - Jean Dolbeau , French missionary March 28 - Domenico Massenzio , Italian baroque composer March 29 - Ludwig Crocius , German Calvinist minister April 2 - Pietro Della Valle , Italian composer April 4 - Richard Saltonstall , English diplomat April 5 - Christopher Levett , English explorer April 9 - Julius Henry, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg April 17 - John Ford , English dramatist and poet April 20 - Saint Rose of Lima , Spanish colonist in Lima April 23 - Martin Rinkart , German clergyman and hymnist April 24 - Henry Hastings, 5th Earl of Huntingdon , English noble May 2 - Étienne de Courcelles , French scholar May 7 - Francesco IV Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua and Montferrat May 9 - Tsugaru Nobuhira , Japanese daimyō May 11 - Angelo Giori , Italian Catholic cardinal May 23 - Paul Siefert , German composer and organist June 24 - George John II, Count Palatine of Lützelstein-Guttenberg , German noble July 1 - Claudio Saracini , Italian composer July 5 - Thomas Hooker , prominent Puritan colonial leader July 6 - Thomas Trevor , English politician and judge July 7 - Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel , English courtier July 26 - Diego de Colmenares , Spanish historian August 14 - William Hutchinson , founder of Rhode Island August 17 - Johann Valentin Andrea , German theologian September 15 - Antoon Sanders , Dutch priest, historian September 29 - William Lytton , English Member of Parliament October 7 - Isaac Massa , Dutch diplomat October 9 - Leopold V, Archduke of Austria , regent of Tyrol October 20 - Luke Foxe , English explorer October 28 - Francis West , Deputy Governor of the Colony and Dominion of Virginia November 20 - Polykarp Leyser II , German theologian November 22 - Walter Erle , English politician November 23 - Juan Bautista de Lezana , Spanish theologian November 27 - Sir John Wray, 2nd Baronet , English politician November 28 - Sir Thomas Bowyer, 1st Baronet , English politician December 6 - Niccolò Zucchi , Italian astronomer and physicist December 14 - Georg Calixtus , German Lutheran theologian who looked to reconcile all Christendom December 31 - Duchess Magdalene Sibylle of Prussia , Electress of Saxony date unknown - John Mason , English explorer date unknown - Kocc Barma Fall , Senegambian philosopher probable * Giles Fletcher , English poet * David HaLevi Segal , Polish Jewish rabbiDeaths January 18 - Margaret of Austria , regent of the Netherlands January 25 - Lucas Cranach the Younger , German painter February 11 - Augustus, Elector of Saxony March 1 - Amalia of Cleves , German princess and writer March 25 - Margaret Clitherow , English Roman Catholic nun , saint and martyr March 30 - Anna of Veldenz , Margrave of Baden April 8 - Martin Chemnitz , Lutheran reformer May 5 - Henry Sidney , Lord Deputy of Ireland May 7 - George II of Brieg , Duke of Brieg May 9 - Luis de Morales , Spanish religious painter May 29 - Adam Lonicer , German botanist June 1 - Martín de Azpilcueta , Spanish theologian and economist June 5 - Matthew Wesenbeck , Belgian jurist June 9 - Filippo Boncompagni , Italian Catholic cardinal June 28 - Primož Trubar , Carniolan Protestant reformer July 5 - Ludwig Lavater , Swiss Reformed theologian July 12 - Edward Sutton, 4th Baron Dudley August 1 - Richard Maitland , Scottish statesman and historian September 7 - Prince Masahito , member of the Japanese imperial family September 18 - Ottavio Farnese, Duke of Parma September 20 * Sir Anthony Babington , English Catholic conspirator * Chidiock Tichborne , English conspirator and poet September 21 - Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle , French Roman Catholic cardinal October 1 - Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp October 15 - Elizabeth of Denmark, Duchess of Mecklenburg , Danish princess October 17 - Philip Sidney , English poet, courtier and soldier October 28 - John Günther I, Count of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen November 6 - Willem IV van den Bergh , Stadtholder of Guelders and Zutphen December 6 - Joachim Ernest, Prince of Anhalt December 12 - Stefan Batory , King of Poland December 30 - Luigi d'Este , Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1538
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