1576 1576 was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar .Events January–June January 20 - Viceroy Martín Enríquez de Almanza founds the settlement of León, Guanajuato in New Spain . January 25 - Portuguese explorer Paulo Dias de Novais founds the settlement of São Paulo da Assumpção de Loanda on the south western coast of Africa, which becomes Luanda . May 5 - The Edict of Beaulieu or Peace of Monsieur ends the Fifth War of Religion in France. Protestants are again granted freedom of worship . June 18 - Battle of Haldighati: Mughal forces, led by Man Singh I of Amer, decisively defeat the Mewar Kingdom led by Maharana Pratap , and occupy Mewar.July–December July 11 - English navigator Martin Frobisher sights Greenland . July 12 - Mughal Empire annexes Bengal after defeating the Bengal Sultanate at the Battle of Rajmahal . August 11 - English navigator Martin Frobisher, on his search for the Northwest Passage , enters the bay now named after him . October - the Siege of Takabaru occurs in Japan, when the forces of Shimazu Takahisa besiege and take the fortress of Takabaru, which belonged to the Itō clan . November 2 - Rudolf II becomes Holy Roman Emperor . November 4 - Eighty Years' War - Sack of Antwerp: In the Low Countries , mutinous Spanish soldiers sack Antwerp ; after three days the city is nearly destroyed. November 8 - Eighty Years' War - Pacification of Ghent: The States General of the Netherlands meet and unite to oppose pillaging Spanish mutineers. December * The States-General of Blois declares itself against the Edict of Beaulieu, beginning the Sixth War of Religion in France. * James Burbage opens London's first permanent public playhouse , The Theatre . December 14 - Hungarian Transylvanian Prince Stephen Báthory is elected king of Poland .Date unknown The 1576 Cocoliztli epidemic causes millions of deaths in the territory of New Spain, in modern-day Mexico . An early example of autobiography is written in English, by Thomas Whythorne. The Loci Communes of Peter Martyr Vermigli , edited by Robert le Maçon , are published in London. The following schools are founded in England: * Dartford Grammar School , by William d'Aeth, Edward Gwyn and William Vaughn. * Sutton Valence School , by William Lambe. Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski founds Ostroh Academy , the first university-level school in Eastern Europe. Births January 4 - Archduchess Catherine Renata of Austria , Austrian archduchess January 5 - Anne Turner , English murderer January 12 - Petrus Scriverius , Dutch writer and scholar on the history of Holland and Belgium February 2 - Alix Le Clerc , French Canoness Regular and foundress February 10 - Festus Hommius , Dutch theologian February 29 - Antonio Neri , Italian chemist March 14 - Eric of Lorraine , Bishop of Verdun March 31 - Countess Louise Juliana of Nassau , countess consort and a regent of the Palatinate May 17 - Joam Mattheus Adami , Italian Jesuit missionary May 24 - Elizabeth Carey, Lady Berkeley , English courtier May 27 - Caspar Schoppe , German controversialist and scholar June 6 - Giovanni Diodati , Swiss-born Italian Calvinist theologian and translator June 16 - Giovanni Battista Viola , Italian painter July 3 - Duchess Anna of Prussia , Electress consort of Brandenburg and Duchess consort of Prussia September 22 - Philipp of Bavaria , German Catholic cardinal October - Thomas Weelkes , English composer and organist October 6 - Roger Manners, 5th Earl of Rutland , eldest surviving son of John Manners October 7 - John Marston , English writer October 12 - Thomas Dudley , Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony October 28 - Rudolph, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst , Prince of Anhalt , then Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst October 30 - Enrico Caterino Davila , Italian historian and diplomat November 6 - Charles Günther, Count of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt November 17 - Roque Gonzales , Paraguayan missionary November 18 - Philipp Ludwig II, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg November 27 - Shimazu Tadatsune , Japanese ruler of Satsuma December 20 - Saint John Sarkander , Moravian priest date unknown * William Ames , English Protestant philosopher * John Carver , first governor of Plymouth Colony * Giulio Cesare la Galla , professor of philosophy at the Collegio Romano in Italy * Santino Solari , Swiss architect and sculptor probable - Jesper Mattson Cruus af Edeby , Swedish soldier and politicianDeaths January 19 - Hans Sachs , German Meistersinger January 27 - Mizuno Nobumoto , Japanese shōgun February 10 - Wilhelm/Guilielmus Xylander , German classical scholar February 12 - John Albert I, Duke of Mecklenburg March 5 - Luis de Requesens y Zúñiga , Spanish governor of the Netherlands March 18 - Johann Stössel , German theologian May 14 - Tahmasp I , Shah of Persia May 30 - Harada Naomasa , Japanese samurai June 30 - Franciscus Sonnius , Dutch counter-Reformation theologian July 2 - Josias Simler , Swiss scholar July 11 - Eleonora di Garzia di Toledo , Italian noble July 16 - Isabella de' Medici , Italian noble August 15 or August 22 - Bálint Bakfark , Hungarian composer and lutenist August 27 - Titian , Italian painter September 21 - Gerolamo Cardano , Italian mathematician, physician, astrologer and gambler September 22 - Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex October 12 - Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor October 14 - Konrad Heresbach , German Calvinist October 26 - Frederick III, Elector Palatine , ruler from the house of Wittelsbach November 4 - John Paulet, 2nd Marquess of Winchester November 9 - Chamaraja Wodeyar IV , King of Mysore date unknown * Paula Vicente , Portuguese artist, musician and writer probable * Anthony More , Dutch portrait painter * Nicola Vicentino , Italian music theorist and composer
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