September 30

Events

• 489 - The Ostrogoths under Theoderic the Great defeat the forces of Odoacer for the second time.
• 737 - The Turgesh drive back an Umayyad invasion of Khuttal, follow them south of the Oxus, and capture their baggage train.
• 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed king of England.
• 1520 - Suleiman the Magnificent is proclaimed sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
• 1541 - Spanish conquistador Hernando de Soto and his forces enter Tula territory in present-day western Arkansas, encountering fierce resistance.
• 1551 - A coup by the military establishment of Japan's Ōuchi clan forces their lord to commit suicide, and their city is burned.
• 1744 - War of the Austrian Succession: France and Spain defeat Sardinia at the Battle of Madonna dell'Olmo, but soon have to withdraw from Sardinia anyway.
• 1791 - The first performance of Mozart's opera The Magic Flute takes place two months before his death.
• 1791 - France's National Constituent Assembly is dissolved, to be replaced the next day by the National Legislative Assembly
• 1882 - Thomas Edison's first commercial hydroelectric power plant begins operation.
• 1888 - Jack the Ripper kills his third and fourth victims, Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes.
• 1906 - The Royal Galician Academy, the Galician language's biggest linguistic authority, starts working in La Coruña, Spain.
• 1907 - The McKinley National Memorial, the final resting place of assassinated U.S. President William McKinley and his family, is dedicated in Canton, Ohio.
• 1909 - The Cunard Line's RMS Mauretania makes a record-breaking westbound crossing of the Atlantic, that will not be bettered for 20 years.
• 1915 - World War I: Radoje Ljutovac becomes the first soldier in history to shoot down an enemy aircraft with ground-to-air fire.
• 1922 - The University of Alabama opens the American football season with a 110–0 victory over the Marion Military Institute, which still stands as Alabama's record for largest margin of victory and as their only 100 point game.
• 1927 - Babe Ruth becomes the first baseball player to hit 60 home runs in a season.
• 1931 - Start of "Die Voortrekkers" youth movement for Afrikaners in Bloemfontein, South Africa.
• 1935 - The Hoover Dam, astride the border between the U.S. states of Arizona and Nevada, is dedicated.
• 1938 - Britain, France, Germany and Italy sign the Munich Agreement, whereby Germany annexes the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.
• 1938 - The League of Nations unanimously outlaws "intentional bombings of civilian populations".
• 1939 - World War II: General Władysław Sikorski becomes prime minister of the Polish government-in-exile.
• 1939 - NBC broadcasts the first televised American football game.
• 1941 - World War II: The Babi Yar massacre comes to an end.
• 1943 - The United States Merchant Marine Academy is dedicated by President Roosevelt.
• 1945 - The Bourne End rail crash, in Hertfordshire, England, kills 43
• 1947 - The 1947 World Series is the first to be televised, to include an African-American player, to exceed $2 million in receipts, to see a pinch-hit home run, and to have six umpires on the field.
• 1947 - Pakistan joins the United Nations.
• 1949 - The Berlin Airlift ends.
• 1954 - The U.S. Navy submarine is commissioned as the world's first nuclear-powered vessel.
• 1962 - Mexican-American labor leader César Chávez founds the National Farm Workers Association.
• 1962 - James Meredith enters the University of Mississippi, defying racial segregation rules.
• 1965 - The Lockheed L-100, the civilian version of the C-130 Hercules, is introduced.
• 1965 - In Indonesia, a coup by the 30 September Movement is crushed, leading to a mass anti-communist purge, with over 500,000 people killed.
• 1966 - Bechuanaland declares its independence, and becomes the Republic of Botswana.
• 1967 - The BBC Light Programme, Third Programme and Home Service are replaced with BBC Radio 2, 3 and 4 Respectively, BBC Radio 1 is also launched.
• 1968 - The Boeing 747 is rolled out and shown to the public for the first time.
• 1970 - Jordan makes a deal with the PFLP for the release of the remaining hostages from the Dawson's Field hijackings.
• 1972 - Roberto Clemente records the 3,000th and final hit of his career.
• 1975 - The AH-64 Apache makes its first flight. Eight years later, the first production model rolled out of the assembly line.
• 1977 - Because of NASA budget cuts and dwindling power reserves, the Apollo program's ALSEP experiment packages left on the Moon are shut down.
• 1980 - Ethernet specifications are published by Xerox working with Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation.
• 1990 - The Dalai Lama unveils the Canadian Tribute to Human Rights in Canada's capital city of Ottawa.
• 1993 - The 6.2 Latur earthquake shakes Maharashtra, India with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII killing 9,748 and injuring 30,000.
• 1994 - Aldwych tube station of the London Underground closes after eighty-eight years in service.
• 1994 - Ongar railway station, the furthest London Underground from central London, closes.
• 1999 - The Tokaimura nuclear accident causes the deaths of two technicians in Japan's second-worst nuclear accident.
• 2000 - Israeli-Palestinian conflict: 12-year-old Muhammad al-Durrah is shot and killed on the second day of the Second Intifada.
• 2004 - The AIM-54 Phoenix, the primary missile for the F-14 Tomcat, is retired from service. Almost two years later, the Tomcat itself is retired.
• 2005 - Controversial drawings of Muhammad are printed in a Danish newspaper.
• 2009 - The 7.6 Sumatra earthquake leaves 1,115 people dead.
• 2016 - Hurricane Matthew becomes a Category 5 hurricane, making it the strongest hurricane to form in the Caribbean Sea since 2007.
• 2016 - Two paintings with a combined value of $100 million are recovered after having been stolen from the Van Gogh Museum in 2002.

  Births

• 1207 - Rumi, Persian mystic and poet
• 1227 - Pope Nicholas IV
• 1530 - Girolamo Mercuriale, Italian philologist and physician
• 1550 - Michael Maestlin, German astronomer and mathematician
• 1622 - Johann Sebastiani, German composer
• 1689 - Jacques Aubert, French violinist and composer
• 1700 - Stanisław Konarski, Polish monk, poet, and playwright
• 1710 - John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford, English politician, Lord President of the Council
• 1714 - Étienne Bonnot de Condillac, French epistemologist and philosopher
• 1732 - Jacques Necker, Swiss-French politician, Prime Minister of France
• 1743 - Christian Ehregott Weinlig, German cantor and composer
• 1765 - José María Morelos, Mexican priest and general
• 1800 - Decimus Burton, English architect, designed the Pharos Lighthouse
• 1813 - John Rae, Scottish physician and explorer
• 1814 - Lucinda Hinsdale Stone, American feminist, educator, and philanthropist
• 1827 - Ellis H. Roberts, American journalist and politician, 20th Treasurer of the United States
• 1832 - Ann Jarvis, American activist, co-founded Mother's Day
• 1836 - Remigio Morales Bermúdez, Peruvian politician, 56th President of Peru
• 1852 - Charles Villiers Stanford, Irish composer, conductor, and educator
• 1861 - William Wrigley, Jr., American businessman, founded Wrigley Company
• 1863 - Reinhard Scheer, German admiral
• 1870 - Thomas W. Lamont, American banker and philanthropist
• 1870 - Jean Baptiste Perrin, French-American physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1882 - Hans Geiger, German physicist and academic
• 1883 - Bernhard Rust, German educator and politician
• 1883 - Nora Stanton Blatch Barney, American civil engineer, architect, and suffragist
• 1887 - Lil Dagover, Indonesian-German actress
• 1893 - Lansdale Ghiselin Sasscer, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician
• 1895 - Lewis Milestone, Moldovan-American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1897 - Gaspar Cassadó, Spanish cellist and composer
• 1897 - Alfred Wintle, Russian-English soldier and politician
• 1897 - Charlotte Wolff, German-English physician and psychotherapist
• 1898 - Renée Adorée, French-American actress
• 1898 - Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois
• 1898 - Edgar Parin d'Aulaire, German-American author and illustrator
• 1901 - Thelma Terry, American bassist and bandleader
• 1904 - Waldo Williams, Welsh poet and academic
• 1905 - Nevill Francis Mott, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1905 - Michael Powell, English director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1906 - Mireille Hartuch, French singer-songwriter and actress
• 1908 - David Oistrakh, Ukrainian-Russian violinist and educator
• 1910 - Jussi Kekkonen, Finnish captain
• 1911 - Gustave Gilbert, American psychologist
• 1912 - Kenny Baker, American singer and actor
• 1913 - Bill Walsh, American screenwriter and producer
• 1915 - Lester Maddox, American businessman and politician, 75th Governor of Georgia
• 1917 - Yuri Lyubimov, Russian actor and director
• 1917 - Buddy Rich, American drummer, bandleader, and actor
• 1918 - Lewis Nixon, U.S. Army captain
• 1918 - René Rémond, French historian and economist
• 1919 - Roberto Bonomi, Argentinian race car driver
• 1919 - Elizabeth Gilels, Ukrainian-Russian violinist and educator
• 1919 - William L. Guy, American lieutenant and politician, 26th Governor of North Dakota
• 1919 - Patricia Neway, American soprano and actress
• 1921 - Deborah Kerr, Scottish-English actress
• 1921 - Aldo Parisot, Brazilian-American cellist and educator
• 1922 - Lamont Johnson, American actor, director, and producer
• 1922 - Hrishikesh Mukherjee, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1923 - Donald Swann, Welsh-English pianist and composer
• 1924 - Truman Capote, American novelist, playwright, and screenwriter
• 1925 - Arkady Ostashev, Russian engineer and educator
• 1926 - Heino Kruus, Estonian basketball player and coach
• 1926 - Robin Roberts, American baseball player, coach, and sportscaster
• 1927 - W. S. Merwin, American poet and translator
• 1928 - Elie Wiesel, Romanian-American author, academic, and activist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1928 - Ray Willsey, Canadian-American football player and coach
• 1929 - Carol Fenner, American author and illustrator
• 1929 - Vassilis Papazachos, Greek seismologist and academic
• 1929 - Leticia Ramos-Shahani, Filipino politician, diplomat and writer
• 1929 - Dorothee Sölle, German theologian and author
• 1931 - Angie Dickinson, American actress
• 1931 - Teresa Gorman, English educator and politician
• 1932 - Shintaro Ishihara, Japanese author, playwright, and politician, Governor of Tokyo
• 1932 - Johnny Podres, American baseball player and coach
• 1933 - Michel Aoun, Lebanese general and politician, President of Lebanon
• 1933 - Cissy Houston, American singer
• 1934 - Alan A'Court, English footballer and manager
• 1934 - Udo Jürgens, Austrian-Swiss singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1934 - Anna Kashfi, Indian-American actress
• 1935 - Johnny Mathis, American singer and actor
• 1936 - Jim Sasser, American lawyer and politician, 6th United States Ambassador to China
• 1936 - Sevgi Soysal, Turkish author
• 1937 - Jurek Becker, Polish-German author
• 1937 - Valentyn Sylvestrov, Ukrainian pianist and composer
• 1937 - Gary Hocking, Rhodesian motorcycle racer
• 1938 - Alan Hacker, English clarinet player and educator
• 1939 - Len Cariou, Canadian actor
• 1939 - Anthony Green, English painter and academic
• 1939 - Jean-Marie Lehn, French chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1940 - Claudia Card, American philosopher and academic
• 1940 - Harry Jerome, Canadian sprinter
• 1940 - Dewey Martin, Canadian-American drummer
• 1941 - Samuel F. Pickering, Jr., American author and educator
• 1941 - Kamalesh Sharma, Indian academic and diplomat, 5th Commonwealth Secretary General
• 1941 - Reine Wisell, Swedish race car driver
• 1942 - Gus Dudgeon, English record producer
• 1942 - Frankie Lymon, American singer-songwriter
• 1943 - Johann Deisenhofer, German-American biochemist and biophysicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1943 - Marilyn McCoo, American singer
• 1943 - Philip Moore, English organist and composer
• 1943 - Ian Ogilvy, English-American actor, playwright, and author
• 1944 - Diane Dufresne, Canadian singer and painter
• 1944 - Jimmy Johnstone, Scottish footballer
• 1944 - Red Robbins, American basketball player
• 1945 - Richard Edwin Hills, English astronomer and academic
• 1945 - Ehud Olmert, Israeli lawyer and politician, 12th Prime Minister of Israel
• 1946 - Fran Brill, American actress, singer, and puppeteer
• 1946 - Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 7th Marquess of Salisbury, English academic and politician, Leader of the House of Lords
• 1946 - Héctor Lavoe, Puerto Rican-American singer-songwriter
• 1946 - Jochen Mass, German race car driver
• 1946 - Paul Sheahan, Australian cricketer and educator
• 1946 - Claude Vorilhon, French journalist, founded Raëlism
• 1947 - Marc Bolan, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1947 - Rula Lenska, English actress
• 1948 - Craig Kusick, American baseball player and coach
• 1950 - Laura Esquivel, Mexican author and screenwriter
• 1950 - Victoria Tennant, English actress and dancer
• 1951 - John Lloyd, English screenwriter and producer
• 1951 - Barry Marshall, Australian physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1951 - Simon White, English astrophysicist and academic
• 1952 - John Lombardo, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1953 - Matt Abts, American drummer
• 1953 - Deborah Allen, American country music singer-songwriter, author, and actress
• 1954 - Basia, Polish singer-songwriter and record producer
• 1954 - Scott Fields, American guitarist and composer
• 1954 - Patrice Rushen, American singer-songwriter and producer
• 1955 - Andy Bechtolsheim, German engineer, co-founded Sun Microsystems
• 1955 - Frankie Kennedy, Northern Irish flute player
• 1956 - Trevor Morgan, English footballer and manager
• 1957 - Fran Drescher, American actress, producer, and screenwriter
• 1958 - Marty Stuart, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1959 - Ettore Messina, Italian basketball player and coach
• 1960 - Julia Adamson, Canadian-English keyboard player, composer, and producer
• 1960 - Nicola Griffith, English-American author
• 1960 - Miki Howard, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
• 1960 - Blanche Lincoln, American politician
• 1961 - Gary Coyne, Australian rugby league player
• 1961 - Eric Stoltz, American actor, director, and producer
• 1961 - Mel Stride, English politician
• 1961 - Eric van de Poele, Belgian race car driver
• 1963 - David Barbe, American bass player and producer
• 1964 - Trey Anastasio, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and composer
• 1964 - Monica Bellucci, Italian actress and fashion model
• 1965 - Omid Djalili, English comedian, actor, and producer
• 1966 - Gary Armstrong, Scottish rugby player
• 1966 - Markus Burger, German pianist, composer, and educator
• 1967 - Emmanuelle Houdart, Swiss-French author and illustrator
• 1969 - Gintaras Einikis, Lithuanian basketball player
• 1969 - Chris von Erich, American wrestler
• 1970 - Tony Hale, American actor and producer
• 1970 - Damian Mori, Australian footballer and manager
• 1971 - Jenna Elfman, American actress and producer
• 1972 - Jamal Anderson, American football player and sportscaster
• 1972 - Ari Behn, Danish-Norwegian author and playwright
• 1972 - John Campbell, American bass player and songwriter
• 1972 - Mayumi Kojima, Japanese singer-songwriter
• 1972 - José Lima, Dominican-American baseball player
• 1974 - Jeremy Giambi, American baseball player
• 1974 - Tom Greatrex, English politician
• 1974 - Ben Phillips, English cricketer
• 1974 - Daniel Wu, American–born Hong Kong actor, director, and producer
• 1975 - Jay Asher, American author
• 1975 - Marion Cotillard, French-American actress and singer
• 1975 - Carlos Guillén, Venezuelan baseball player
• 1975 - Laure Pequegnot, French skier
• 1975 - Christopher Jackson, American actor, singer, musician, and composer
• 1976 - Georgie Bingham, British radio and television presenter
• 1977 - Roy Carroll, Northern Irish goalkeeper and manager
• 1977 - Nick Curran, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1978 - Małgorzata Glinka-Mogentale, Polish female volleyball player
• 1979 - Cameron Bruce, Australian footballer and coach
• 1979 - Andy van der Meyde, Dutch footballer
• 1980 - Martina Hingis, Czechoslovakia-born Swiss tennis player
• 1980 - Milagros Sequera, Venezuelan tennis player
• 1981 - Cecelia Ahern, Irish author
• 1981 - Dominique Moceanu, American gymnast
• 1982 - Lacey Chabert, American actress
• 1982 - Ryane Clowe, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1982 - Yan Stastny, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1982 - Dmytro Boyko, Ukrainian footballer
• 1983 - Boniek Forbes, Guinea-Bissau footballer
• 1983 - Andreea Răducan, Romanian gymnast
• 1984 - Georgios Eleftheriou, Greek footballer
• 1985 - Adam Cooney, Australian footballer
• 1985 - David Gower, Australian rugby league player
• 1985 - Téa Obreht, Serbian-American author
• 1985 - Cristian Rodríguez, Uruguayan footballer
• 1985 - T-Pain, American rapper, producer, and actor
• 1986 - Olivier Giroud, French footballer
• 1986 - Martin Guptill, New Zealand cricketer
• 1986 - Ben Lovett, Welsh musician and songwriter
• 1986 - Cristián Zapata, Colombian footballer
• 1987 - Aida Garifullina, Russian operatic soprano
• 1988 - Eglė Staišiūnaitė, Lithuanian hurdler
• 1989 - André Weis, German footballer
• 1991 - Thomas Röhler, German javelin thrower
• 1992 - Ezra Miller, American actor and singer
• 1994 - Aliya Mustafina, Russian gymnast
• 1996 - Jacob Host, Australian rugby league player
• 1997 - Yana Kudryavtseva, Russian gymnast
• 1997 - Max Verstappen, Dutch Formula One driver
• 1998 - Trevor Moran, American youtuber and singer
• 2002 - Maddie Ziegler, American dancer and actress
• 2002 - Levi Miller, Australian actor and model

  Deaths

• 420 - Jerome, Roman priest, theologian, and saint
• 653 - Honorius of Canterbury, Italian archbishop and saint
• 940 - Fan Yanguang, Chinese general
• 954 - Louis IV of France
• 1101 - Anselm IV, Italian archbishop
• 1246 - Yaroslav II of Vladimir
• 1288 - Leszek II the Black, Polish prince, Duke of Łęczyca, Sieradz, Kraków, Sandomierz
• 1440 - Reginald Grey, 3rd Baron Grey de Ruthyn, Welsh soldier and politician
• 1487 - John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
• 1551 - Ōuchi Yoshitaka, Japanese daimyō
• 1560 - Melchior Cano, Spanish theologian
• 1572 - Francis Borgia, 4th Duke of Gandía, Spanish priest and saint, 3rd Superior General of the Society of Jesus
• 1581 - Hubert Languet, French diplomat and reformer
• 1626 - Nurhaci, Chinese emperor
• 1628 - Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke, English poet and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer
• 1770 - Thomas Robinson, 1st Baron Grantham, English politician and diplomat, Secretary of State for the Southern Department
• 1770 - George Whitefield, English-American priest and theologian
• 1865 - Samuel David Luzzatto, Italian poet and scholar
• 1891 - Georges Ernest Boulanger, French general and politician, French Minister of War
• 1897 - Thérèse of Lisieux, French nun and saint
• 1910 - Maurice Lévy, French mathematician and engineer
• 1942 - Hans-Joachim Marseille, German captain and pilot
• 1943 - Franz Oppenheimer, German-American sociologist and economist
• 1946 - Takashi Sakai, Japanese general and politician, Governor of Hong Kong
• 1955 - James Dean, American actor
• 1959 - Henry Barwell, Australian politician, 28th Premier of South Australia
• 1961 - Onésime Gagnon, Canadian scholar and politician, 20th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec
• 1973 - Peter Pitseolak, Canadian photographer and author
• 1974 - Carlos Prats, Chilean general and politician, Chilean Minister of Defense
• 1977 - Mary Ford, American singer and guitarist
• 1978 - Edgar Bergen, American actor and ventriloquist
• 1985 - Charles Francis Richter, American seismologist and physicist
• 1985 - Simone Signoret, French actress
• 1986 - Nicholas Kaldor, Hungarian-British economist
• 1987 - Alfred Bester, American author and screenwriter
• 1988 - Al Holbert, American race car driver
• 1989 - Virgil Thomson, American composer and critic
• 1990 - Rob Moroso, American race car driver
• 1990 - Alice Parizeau, Polish-Canadian journalist and author
• 1990 - Patrick White, Australian novelist, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1991 - Toma Zdravković, Serbian singer-songwriter
• 1994 - André Michel Lwoff, French microbiologist and virologist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1998 - Marius Goring, English actor
• 1998 - Dan Quisenberry, American baseball player and poet
• 1998 - Robert Lewis Taylor, American soldier and author
• 2002 - Göran Kropp, Swedish race car driver and mountaineer
• 2002 - Hans-Peter Tschudi, Swiss lawyer and politician, 63rd President of the Swiss Confederation
• 2003 - Yusuf Bey, American activist, founded Your Black Muslim Bakery
• 2003 - Ronnie Dawson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 2003 - Robert Kardashian, American lawyer and businessman
• 2004 - Gamini Fonseka, Sri Lankan actor, director, and politician
• 2004 - Jacques Levy, American director and songwriter
• 2004 - Michael Relph, English director, producer, and screenwriter
• 2008 - J. B. Jeyaretnam, Singaporean lawyer and politician
• 2010 - Stephen J. Cannell, American screenwriter and producer
• 2011 - Anwar al-Awlaki, American-Yemeni terrorist
• 2011 - Ralph M. Steinman, Canadian-American immunologist and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 2012 - Turhan Bey, Austrian actor and producer
• 2012 - Barry Commoner, American biologist, academic, and politician
• 2012 - Bobby Jaggers, American wrestler and engineer
• 2012 - Clara Stanton Jones, American librarian
• 2012 - Barbara Ann Scott, Canadian-American figure skater
• 2012 - Boris Šprem, Croatian lawyer and politician, 8th Speaker of the Croatian Parliament
• 2013 - Janet Powell, Australian educator and politician
• 2014 - Molvi Iftikhar Hussain Ansari, Indian cleric and politician
• 2014 - Martin Lewis Perl, American physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate
• 2015 - Guido Altarelli, Italian-Swiss physicist and academic
• 2015 - Claude Dauphin, French businessman
• 2015 - Göran Hägg, Swedish author and critic
• 2017 - Monty Hall, American game show host
• 2018 - Kim Larsen, Danish rock musician
• 2018 - Geoffrey Hayes, British television presenter and actor
• 2018 - Sonia Orbuch, Polish resistance fighter during the Second World War and Holocaust educator.
• 2019 - Victoria Braithwaite, British research scientist who proved fish feel pain

  Holidays and observances

• Agricultural Reform Day
• Birth of Morelos
• Boy's Day
• Christian feast day:
• *Gregory the Illuminator
• *Honorius of Canterbury
• *Jerome
• *September 30
• Independence Day or Botswana Day, celebrates the independence of Botswana from United Kingdom in 1966.
• International Translation Day
• Orange Shirt Day