a purely numeric system used from the origins of the company until the mid-1980s
an alphanumeric system in use since then
Numbering systems
Numeric
The numeric engine referencing system used until the mid-1980s was simply the chronological sequence of engine development projects. Thus, variants based on the same engine block may have unrelated numbers.
Alphanumeric
The system in use since the mid-1980s is of the format XnY-zzz where
X is a letter specifying the engine family
n is a one-digit code specifying the engine architecture as follows:
# Petrol engine with single-barrel carburetor and parallel valves
# Petrol engine with double-barrel carburetor and parallel valves
:B-U: from 750 to 2,250 cc in 50 cc, then 100 cc increments as displacement increases
:V-Z: above 2250 cc in increments larger than 100 cc
zzz is a three-character alphanumeric code referring to key details of the variant's configuration
Engine families
A
The A engine was an all-aluminum overhead valve inline-four designed in the mid-1960s for the Renault 16 and produced in three variants:
A1K: 1,470 cc
AxL: 1,565-1,605 cc
AxM: 1,647 cc
B
The B family was a cast-iron overhead valve three-bearing crankshaft inline-four designed in the mid-1940s for the 4CV and also used in the Renault 4 and Dauphine:
748 cc
782 cc
B1B: 845 cc
C
The C family, being also a cast-iron overhead valve inline-four but now with a five-bearing crankshaft, designed in the early 1960s for the Renault 8. An extremely sturdy, low-cost design, it was continuously refined over its 35-year career and was used in every supermini and compact Renault type up to and including the 1993 Twingo:
C1C : 956 cc ; 32 kW
C1E : 1,108 cc ; 28-34 kW
C1G: 1,237 cc ; 40 kW
C3G: 1,239 cc ; 40 kW; monopoint injection
810: 1,289 cc ; 32-47 kW
C3J: 1,390 cc ; 43 kW; monopoint injection.
C1J/C2J : 1,397 cc ; 43-52 kW normal aspiration / 77-88 kW turbo
C6J : 1,397 cc ; 68 kW normal aspiration, 79-116 kW turbo
The D family is the successor to the smaller versions of Type C, introduced in the mid-1990s, and is a cast-iron overhead camshaft inline-4 that powers the Renault Twingo:
D4F: 1149 cc 16v 75bhp - 2001
D4Ft: 1149 cc 16v 100bhp - 2007
D7F: 1149 cc 8v 54bhp - 1996
A 1000 cc D7D version was abandoned after early development.
E
The E family is the successor to the larger versions of Type C. It is a cast-iron overhead camshaft inline-4 introduced on the Renault 19 in 1988 and widely used in the Clio and Mégane lineups:
E5F/E7F: 1171 cc
E5J/E6J/E7J: 1390 cc
E7M/E4M: 1598 cc
EF
The EF-serie was a 90° V6 Turbocharged engine jointly developed by Renault and Gordini, the engine was used by Equipe RenaultElf in Formula One from 1977 to 1985. This engine derived from the CH series designed by François Castaing, the F1 engine was developed by Bernard Dudot.
EF1 Turbo: 1,492 cc Bore 86.0 mm Stroke 42.8 mm 7.0:1 Compression
525 bhp, 530 bhp, 585 bhp, 650 bhp
EF1 Bi-Turbo: 1,492 cc Bore 86.0 mm Stroke 42.8 mm 7.0:1 Compression
530 bhp, 585 bhp, 650 bhp
EF4 Bi-Turbo: 1,492 cc Bore 86.0 mm Stroke 42.8 mm 7.0:1 Compression
760 bhp
EF15 Bi-Turbo: 1,494 cc Bore 80.1 mm Stroke 49.4 mm 7.5:1 Compression
815 bhp, 900 bhp
F
The F inline-4 family was the successor to the A family. Launched in 1981 on the Renault 9 and Renault 11, it has been the mainstay of Renault's engine lineup through the early 2000s in a succession of increasingly powerful petrol and Diesel variants in overhead camshaft configurations. It was also Renault's first production four-valve design. It is being replaced by the M engine resp. R engine.
F1N/F2N/F3N: 1721 cc
F7P: 1764 cc
F3P: 1794 cc
F4P: 1783 cc
F3R/F4R/F7R: 1998 cc
F5R: 1998cc
F8Q/F9Q: 1870 cc
G
The G engine was designed in the late 1980s to be a modular family of overhead camshaft inline 4- and 5-cylinder petrol and diesel engines. A G7R petrol and a G8T Diesel variant were in development when Renault announced a merger with Volvo who was designing its own modular family along the same lines. The group decided to cancel the petrol versions, but diesel production started in 1993 and they were built for nearly two decades, until 2011. Despite the breakdown of the merger in 1993, Renault did use Volvo petrol engines in its mid- and full-size models until the early 2000s.
G8T/G9T: 2188 cc
G9U: 2464 cc
H
H engines summarize two families of gasoline engines, the smaller with a max. cylinder bore of 72.2 mm and a larger family with typically 78 mm bore:
The smaller family covers 0.8 - 1.33 litres of swept volume and was co-developed by Renault, Mercedes-Benz and Nissan. The largest naturally aspirated version has three cylinders and 1.0L, four cylinder engines are not known without turbocharging. In most cases Renault or Mercedes introduced these engines into their cars. The 1.0 litre H4D is here named BR10, but source/origin of this info is unclear.
The bigger family covers 1.0 - 1.6 litres of swept volume and are co-developed by Renault and Nissan with no known involvement from Mercedes-Benz and Mercedes-Benz does not utilize any one of these engines. Engines are mostly naturally aspirated while some versions with turbo or super charging are available. Most engines had been introduced by Nissan.
Multiple usage of the Renault H series resp. Nissan HR name plates may cause some confusion because both families offer a three cylinder 1.0L version and another 1.2L version with 3 resp. 4 cylinders. It appears to be that the earlier engine was named HR10 while the later got HRA0 resp. the earlier was named HR12 and the later got HRA2. Renault may not suffer from this because they never utilized the bigger three cylinder engines. Nonetheless both families have DOHC and an aluminium alloy crankcase and cylinder head. For this engine family some of the naming system has been taken over from Nissan: 't' means 'turbo-charged' and 'k' stands for 'kaizen' which means 'change for better' or 'continuous improvement' in Japanese.
09/2015- : 0.8L, 0.8 litres, n/a petrol engine first seen on Renault Kwid
05/2018- : H5Ht, 1332 cc, used on Mercedes A class and other compact cars, Renault Scenic IV, Renault Captur, Renault Megane IV, Renault Clio V, Nissan Qashqai, Renault Kadjar, Dacia Duster, Renault Samsung XM3
04/2020- : H4Dt, 999 cc, turbo-charged petrol engine used on Renault Clio, Nissan Almera
and:
late 2008- : H4Jt, 1397 cc, turbo-charged petrol engine used on Renault Mégane
03/2010- : H4K, 1498cc, petrol engine used on Renault Duster, Renault Captur
09/2012- : H4Mk, 1598 cc, updated H4M petrol engine used on Renault Samsung SM3
J
The J family was an all-aluminum overhead camshaft inline-4 design jointly developed with PSA. Introduced in 1977, it was phased out in 1996 by the F series.
The L type is an aluminum overhead camshaft petrol V6 developed jointly with PSA, who refer to it as the ES engine: Renault used this engine first in the Laguna in 1997, shortly after it became available in the Safrane, and the Espace rated. Engines after 2001 got a new injection system and variable valve timing, this variant is rated, was being used in the Avantime, and the Laguna II V6. The engine was also used in the Clio V6, rated in the phase 1 vehicles, and after the facelift.
L7X: 2,946 cc
M
The M engine is an overhead camshaft engine developed jointly with Nissan, who refer to it as the MR engine. Two Diesel versions are in use at Renault as of the mid-2000s, although the petrol versions already launched by Nissan will almost certainly be used as well.
M9R: 1,995 cc, bore 84mm, stroke 90mm
M9T: 2,298 cc, bore 85mm, stroke 101,3mm
M4R: 1,997cc
M5M: 1,618cc
M5R: 1,997cc
M5P: 1,797cc
N
Renault's N designation refers to the sourced all-aluminum Volvo modular 4-valve DOHC inline-4 -5 engines fitted in the Laguna and Safrane.
N7Q: 2.0l Bore 83.0 mm Stroke 90.0 mm 10.5:1Cr 100/102 kW 06/'95 → 03/'01
N7U: 2.5l Bore 83.0 mm Stroke 90.0 mm 10.5:1Cr 121 kW 07/'96 → 12/'00
P
The P engine is an overhead camshaft Diesel V6 sourced from Isuzu and used in the Vel Satis sedan and Espace minivan:
P9X: 2958 cc
R
The R engine is a straight-4 Diesel engine based on its predecessor F9M. Replaced the K engine. Production started in 2011.
R9M: 1598 cc, 130 PS to 160 PS
R9N: 1749 cc, 120 PS to 150 PS
RS
The RS Prefix is Renault's internal designation for their Formula 1 racing engines.
The S engine was a cast-iron overhead camshaft inline-4 Diesel engine sourced from Italian engine manufacturer SOFIM. It has been used in the Trafic and Masterutility van and the Safrane sedan since 1981:
S8U/S9U: 2445 cc
S9W: 2799 cc
V
The V engine is Renault's internal designation for the Nissan VQ engine, an overhead camshaft V6 used in the Vel Satis sedan, Latitude and Espace minivan. The V designation is also used for an unrelated diesel V6 engine jointly developed by Renault and Nissan, used in the Renault Laguna coupé, Latitude and designated V9X.
V4U: 2495 cc
V4Y: 3498 cc
V9X: 2993 cc
X
The X engine was an all-aluminum overhead camshaft inline-4 jointly developed with PSA. Introduced in 1974, it powered the ill-fated Renault 14midsize car and was phased out in 1982 by evolutions of the C series:
X1G: 1219 cc
X2J: 1360 cc
Z
The Z engine, also known as the PRV engine, was an aluminium overhead camshaft V6 developed jointly with PSA and Volvo in the early 1970s. Introduced in 1975 on the Renault 30, it also powered the 25, Safrane, Laguna, Espace, and Alpine. It also famously powered the DeLorean sports car.