1119

By place

Levant

• June 28 - Battle of Ager Sanguinis: The Crusader army of the Principality of Antioch under Roger of Salerno is ambushed and annihilated by the combined Muslim forces of Ilghazi, the Artuqid ruler of Aleppo. Muslim troops are send to raid the suburbs of Antioch and sack the port of Saint Symeon. The Crusader fortresses at Atarib, Zardana, Sarmin, Ma'arrat al-Nu'man and Kafr Tab are captured. Ilghazi makes a triumphant entry at Aleppo, Crusader prisoners are dragged in chains – where they are tortured to death in the streets. The massacre leads to the name of the battle, Ager Sanguinis.
• August 14 - Battle of Hab: The Crusaders under King Baldwin II of Jerusalem defeat Ilghazi's army at Ariha in Syria. Baldwin manages to re-capture all of the Crusader castles and returns to Antioch in triumph. He stabilizes the frontiers and prevents Ilghazi from marching on Antioch.
• Autumn - Hugh de Payns founds the monastic order of the Knights Templar and becomes the first Grand Master. In association with Bernard of Clairvaux, a French abbot and religious leader, he creates the Latin Rule, the code of behavior of the Order. The Templars get the primary task to protect the pilgrime-routes in Palestine.

  Europe

• August 20 - Battle of Brémule: King Henry I of England defeats King Louis VI of France and his 400 knights in Normandy. A skirmish that begins with the French launching a fierce but disordered attack, and ends with the French turning tail. Louis agrees to make peace and formally recognizes William Adelin as duke of Normandy.

  England

• Robert I, 1st Lord of Annandale, grants and confirms the church of St. Hilda of Middlesbrough to Whitby.
• September 19 - A severe earthquake hits Gloucestershire and Warwickshire.

  By topic

Religion

• January 29 - Pope Gelasius II dies in exile after a 1-year pontificate at Abbey of Cluny. He is succeeded by Callixtus II as the 162nd pope of the Catholic Church.
• March - Olegarius Bonestruga, archbishop of Tarragona, preaches successfully a Crusade against the Moors in Catalonia.
• Council of Reims: Callixtus II concludes peace with Henry I. There are 15 archbishops and over 200 bishops present.
• Council of Toulouse: The Catholic Church condemns the Petrobrusian heresy.

  Technology

• Zhu Yu, a Chinese historian, writes his book Pingzhou Table Talks, the earliest known use of separate hull compartments in ships. Zhu Yu's book is the first to report the use of a magnetic compass for navigation at sea. Although the first actual description of the magnetic compass is by another Chinese writer Shen Kuo in his Dream Pool Essays.