1553 1553 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar .Events January–June May - The first Royal Charter is granted to St Albans , in England . June 26 - Two new schools, Christ's Hospital and King Edward's School, Witley , are created by Royal Charter in accordance with the will of King Edward VI of England ; St Thomas' Hospital , London , in existence since the 12th century, is named in the same charter.July–December July 9 - Battle of Sievershausen: Prince-elector Maurice of Saxony defeats the Catholic forces of Margrave Albert of Brandenburg-Kulmbach . Maurice is mortally wounded. July 10 - Four days after the death of her cousin King Edward VI of England , Lady Jane Grey is proclaimed Queen of England - a position she holds for the next nine days. July 19 - The Lord Mayor of London proclaims Mary I the rightful Queen , following a change of allegiance by the Privy Council; Lady Jane Grey voluntarily abdicates . August - English explorer Richard Chancellor enters the White Sea and reaches Arkhangelsk , going on to the court of Ivan IV of Russia , opening up trade between England and Russia . August 3 - Queen Mary I of England arrives in London from East Anglia . August 18 - John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland , is tried and convicted of treason for his role in putting his daughter-in-law, Lady Jane Grey, on the throne. September - Anglican bishops in England are arrested, and Roman Catholic bishops are restored. October 6 - Şehzade Mustafa , oldest son of Suleiman the Magnificent , is executed in Konya by order of his father. September 23 - The Sadians consolidate their power in Morocco , by defeating the last of their enemies. October 27 - Geneva's governing council burns Michael Servetus at the stake, as a heretic . December 25 - Battle of Tucapel: Mapuche rebels under Lautaro defeat the Spanish conquistadors, and execute Pedro de Valdivia , the first Royal Governor of Chile .Date unknown Tonbridge School is founded by Sir Andrew Judde , under letters patent of Edward VI of England. The xiii Bukes of Eneados of the famose Poete Virgill , the first complete translation of any major work of classical antiquity into one of the English languages , is published in London. In Ming Dynasty China: * The addition of a new section of the Outer City fortifications is completed in southern Beijing, bringing the overall size of Beijing to 18 square miles. * Shanghai is fortified for the first time . Births January 20 - Bernardino de Cárdenas y Portugal, Duque de Maqueda , Spanish noble January 22 - Mōri Terumoto , Japanese warrior February 24 - Cherubino Alberti , Italian engraver and painter March - Eleonora di Garzia di Toledo , Italian noble March 29 - Vitsentzos Kornaros , Greek writer April 24 - John Maxwell, 8th Lord Maxwell , Scottish noble April 29 - Mirza Muhammad Hakim , son of Mughal emperor Humayun and brother of emperor Akbar April 30 - Louise of Lorraine , French queen consort May 7 - Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia May 15 - Margaret of Valois , Queen of France June 5 - Bernardino Baldi , Italian mathematician and writer June 15 - Archduke Ernest of Austria , Austrian prince, the son of Maximilian II. July 1 - Peter Street , English carpenter September 26 - Nicolò Contarini , Doge of Venice October 8 - Jacques Auguste de Thou , French historian October 18 - Luca Marenzio , Italian composer November 2 - Magdalene of Jülich-Cleves-Berg , Countess Palatine of Pfalz-Zweibrücken November 4 - Roger Wilbraham , Solicitor-General for Ireland November 23 - Prospero Alpini , Italian physician and botanist November 28 - George More , English politician December 13 - King Henry IV of France date unknown * Patriarch Filaret of Moscow and All Rus' * Giovanni Florio , English writer and translator * Richard Hakluyt , English travel writer * Robert Hues , English mathematician and geographer * Amago Katsuhisa , Japanese nobleman * Pierre de Rostegny , French jurist * William Russell, 1st Baron Russell of Thornhaugh , English military leader * Moses Székely , Hungarian noble * Beatrice Michiel , Venetian spyDeaths January 13 - George II, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels , Count of Glatz February 4 - Caspar Othmayr , German Protestant priest, theologian and composer February 6 - Ernest, Margrave of Baden-Durlach February 8 - John Ernest, Duke of Saxe-Coburg , February 17 - Chamaraja Wodeyar III , King of Mysore February 19 - Erasmus Reinhold , German astronomer and mathematician February 25 - Hirate Masahide , Japanese diplomat and tutor of Oda Nobunaga April 9 - François Rabelais , French writer May 5 - Erasmus Alberus , German humanist May 28 - Johannes Aal , Swiss theologian June 26 - Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich of Russia , Grand Prince of Moscow July 6 - King Edward VI of England July 9 - Maurice, Elector of Saxony July 16 - Bernardino Maffei , Catholic cardinal August 6 - Girolamo Fracastoro , Italian physician August 17 - Charles III, Duke of Savoy August 22 - John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland September 6 - Juan de Homedes y Coscon , 47th Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller October 6 - Şehzade Mustafa, Suleiman the Magnificent's first-born son by Mahidevran Sultan October 7 - Cristóbal de Morales , Spanish composer October 16 - Lucas Cranach the Elder , German painter October 17 - George III, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau , German prince October 27 - Michael Servetus, Spanish Protestant theologian October 28 - Giovanni Salviati , Italian Catholic cardinal October 30 - Jacob Sturm von Sturmeck , German statesman and reformer November 15 - Lucrezia de' Medici , Italian noblewoman November 23 - Sebastiano Antonio Pighini , Italian cardinal November 27 - Şehzade Cihangir , Ottoman prince December 3 - Ludwig of Hanau-Lichtenberg , German nobleman December 25 - Pedro de Valdivia, Spanish conquistador date unknown * George Joye , English Protestant Bible translator * Gunilla Bese , Finnish noble and fiefholder
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