O'Brien played Major Midget hockey with the St. John's Fog Devils of the Newfoundland and Labrador Major Midget Hockey League. In his final year, he recorded 176 points to help lead his team to the 2010 Telus Cup where he was then named the National Midget AAA Championship's MVP. Originally drafted by the Moncton Wildcats in the 2008 QMJHL Draft, O’Brien chose to complete high school before playing major junior hockey. O’Brien then played three years with the Acadie-Bathurst Titan who had acquired him in a trade. While he was never drafted in the NHL, O'Brien was invited to the San Jose Sharks training camp in 2010. He then returned to the Acadie-Bathurst Titan for the 2010–11 season where he led all first year players in goals and points and set a new team record for goals scored. He also tied Réal Godin as the only player in QMJHL history to record no penalty minutes while accumulating at least 50 points in a season. As a result of his play, O'Brien was named to the 2011 Subway Super Series roster to play in an exhibition tournament against the Russian national junior team. He ended the season with a career-high 101 points and won the Frank J. Selke Memorial Trophy as the QMJHL most sportsmanlike player. He was also named a finalist for the RDS Cup as Rookie of the Year and Michel Bergeron Trophy as Offensive Rookie of the Year. During the 2011–12 season, O'Brien scored four goals in six-minutes and 10-seconds in a 7–4 win over the Moncton Wildcats. On April 5, 2012, O'Brien signed an amateur tryout agreement with the St. John's IceCaps of the American Hockey League but he returned to the Acadie-Bathurst Titan for the 2012–13 season as an assistant captain after playing one game. During that season, O'Brien broke his 186-game streak with no penalties in a 5–1 loss to the Moncton Wildcats. O'Brien was the recipient of the CHL Player of the Week for the first week of January for recording two hat tricks that week. He won the Frank J. Selke Memorial Trophy for the second time at the conclusion of the season, having only accrued two penalties that season.
Professional
Coming out of major juniors, O'Brien joined the Ontario Reign of the ECHL. He was loaned to the Manchester Monarchs for the rest of the 2013–14 season after playing in five games for the Reign. He signed a contract extension with the Monarchs on August 4, 2014, and won the Calder Cup with the team that season. After winning the Calder Cup, O'Brien signed a one-year contract with the Chicago Wolves of the AHL on July 14, 2015. He was invited to the St. Louis Blues training camp on a professional tryout agreement, but began the 2015–16 season with the Wolves. After playing in 20 games for the Ravensburg Towerstars, O'Brien opted to conclude the season in North America with the ECHL's Wichita Thunder. After playing in 24 games for the Wichita Thunder and recording 19 points, O'Brien was loaned to the Binghamton Senators of the AHL on March 23, 2017. He signed an AHL contract with Bakersfield Condors on July 6, 2017, for the 2017–18 season and attended the Edmonton Oilers training camp on a professional tryout contract. After being cut from both the Oilers and Bakersfield Condors training camp he was reassigned to the Wichita Thunder of the ECHL to begin the season. His demotion was short-lived however as he was called up to the AHL on November 16, 2017. On July 3, 2018, O'Brien signed a contract with the Toronto Marlies of the AHL. He attended the Marlies training camp but was assigned to their ECHL affiliate, the Newfoundland Growlers. Prior to the 2018–19 season, the Growlers inaugural season, O'Brien was named an assistant captain. While playing for the Growlers, O'Brien scored the first hat trick in franchise history to help beat the Reading Royals 5–4 on November 16, 2018. He scored his second hat trick with the Growlers in a 5–1 win over the Jacksonville Icemen on January 5, 2019. On February 25, O'Brien was recalled to the AHL along with teammates Hudson Elynuik, Brady Ferguson, and Josh Kestner. O'Brien was reassigned to the ECHL along with Kestner on February 28 where he then helped lead the Growlers to the 2019 Kelly Cup playoffs. He was subsequently awarded the June M. Kelly Award as MVP on June 5, after winning the Cup. At the conclusion of his second season under contract within the Marlies organization, playing primarily with the Growlers, O'Brien opted for a second stint in the German DEL2, agreeing to a contract with EV Landshut on June 15, 2020.
