Wodao


The wodao is a Chinese sword from the Ming Dynasty. It is typically long and slender, but heavy, with a curved back and sharp blade. It bears a strong resemblance to the Tang sword, zhanmadao, Tachi or Odachi in form. Extant examples show a handle approximately 25.5 cm long, with a gently curved blade 80 cm long. The Japanese samurai warriors were also adept with the wodao.
The Chinese word "wo" literally means "Japanese", so "wodao" literally means Japanese sword. It is commonly believed that the term came into usage in China during the Ming dynasty as the renowned general Qi Jiguang, forced the wokou pirates, which included rogue Japanese samurai and ronin, out of coastal China. General Qi also wrote a military book named Jixiao Xinshu which depicted, among other things, the detailed usage of the wodao. He also included a wodao branch in his army alongside branches of other weapons. Another Ming general Li Chengxun, in his own revised edition of Jixiao Xinshu of 1588, quoted General Qi as saying that the long sword was introduced into China during the wokou invasion of the Ming Dynasty.
The Chinese martial art of wielding the wodao is believed to be a combination of medieval Japanese sword fighting styles and traditional Chinese techniques regarding the use of two-handed weapons. The term wodao was still in usage in China until the Qing dynasty as evidenced in various Chinese novels at the time.
In 1921, the Chinese warlord Cao Kun created a branch in his army that specialized in wielding two-handed single edged blades and called it the Miaodao branch. Since then Miaodao became the name for this form of Chinese two-handed single edged blade and the term wodao is now rarely used. The art of wielding the Miaodao can be traced back to the lineage of Jixiao Xinshu.