The part of Hackney included the hamlet of Newington – entirely distinct from Stoke Newington – which lay between the Roman Road and the Common. The hamlet has now been absorbed into the wider urbanised area. Newington was first recorded in the 1200’s and was traditionally one of four Hackney hamlets which were together rated as having, for taxation purposes, the same number of houses as the main 'Hackney Village'.
Chapel of ease
The increasing population of the area saw it gain a chapel of ease in 1814, the church of St. James, designed by Robert Smirke in the Greek Doric style. The 1825 creation of the ecclesiastical parish of West Hackney saw St James elevated to the status of parish church. The church was destroyed by enemy action during The Blitz but replaced with a modern building in 1960 and rededicated to St Paul.
The first bomb of the first air raid on London, a 190lb incendiary, fell on 16 Alkham Road on 31st May 2015. The German Army airship LZ 38 had begun the first assault on the capital by a foreign power since William the Conqueror ravaged Southwark in 1066. The householder, Albert Lovell, had just returned home from posting a letter. The bomb bounced off his chimney and went through his roof, starting a fire on the upper storey. Mr Lovell, his wife, children and houseguests managed to escape the building, but the raid killed seven, including four children, in other parts of London, outraging public opinion. East London was at particular risk at this time, due to the Kaiser’s order, later rescinded, that the raiders limit their attacks to targets east of the Tower of London. An attack by Captain Lanoe Hawker of the Royal Flying Corps destroyed LZ 38 on the ground, at its base in Belgium a week later, but airship raids on London continued until 1917, with attacks from Gotha bombers in 1917-18.
Administrative History
West Hackney has never been a civil administrative unit in its own right; it has always been an area of Hackney. Hackney was an administrative unit with consistent boundaries from the early Middle Ages to the creation of the larger modern borough in 1965. Hackney was based for many centuries on the Ancient Parish of Hackney. Parishes in Middlesex were grouped into Hundreds, with Hackney part of Ossulstone Hundred. Rapid Population growth around London saw the Hundred split into several 'Divisions' during the 1600s, with Hackney part of the Tower Division. The Tower Division was noteworthy in that the men of the area owed military service to the Tower of London - and had done even before the creation of the Division. The Ancient Parishes provided a framework for both civil and ecclesiastical functions, but during the nineteenth century there was a divergence into distinct civil and ecclesiastical parish systems. In London the Ecclesiastical Parishes sub-divided to better serve the needs of a growing population, while the Civil Parishes continued to be based on the same Ancient Parish areas. Under the London Government Act 1899, Hackney became a Metropolitan Borough, with the same boundaries as the pre-existing Civil Parish, with minor rationalisations in places to reflect modern street patterns rather than historic field boundaries and other features. The Ecclesiastical Parish of West Hackney was formed as a sub-division of the Ancient Parish. It merged with the EP of Shacklewell in 1958 to form the EP of West Hackney St Barnabas. In 1965, Hackney merged with Shoreditch and Stoke Newington to form the new London Borough of Hackney.
Open Spaces
The largest open space in the area is Stoke Newington Common at 2.15 hectares. Originally known as Cockhangar Green it took its current name in the twentieth century. West Hackney Recreation Ground is one hectare in extent and was originally the burial ground for St Paul’s church.
Transport
West Hackney is served by two railway stations; Rectory Road and Stoke Newington, the latter lying on the ill-defined borders Stoke Newington, West Hackney and Stamford Hill.
