West Coast Railways


West Coast Railways, is a railway spot-hire company and charter train operator based at Carnforth MPD in Lancashire. Using buildings and other facilities previously owned by the Steamtown Carnforth visitor attraction, in June 1998 the company became the first privately owned company to be given a licence as a train operating company. Subsequently it was prohibited from running on mainlines for a period due to safety concerns

History

Before 1998

After British Rail closed the Lakeside branch to passengers on 6 September 1965, a group of enthusiasts chaired by Dr Peter Beet formed the Lakeside Railway Estates Company, with the idea of preserving both the line and Carnforth MPD, to provide a complete steam operating system. After agreeing to rent out part of the Carnforth MPD site, but with the counter the development of the A590 road meaning that the complete vision was unsuccessful, Beet developed the visitor attraction Steamtown Carnforth, which became a mecca for steam enthusiasts from 1967.
In 1974 Sir Bill McAlpine became a shareholder in the company, allowing his LNER A3 Pacific No. 4472 Flying Scotsman to make Carnforth its home. McAlpine subsequently acquired a controlling interest in the company, in order to fund the purchase of the complete site including the track from British Rail.
In light of McAlpine's declining interest, in 1990 his controlling interest in Steamtown Railway Museum Ltd was sold to David Smith, who over the following years has bought out most of the minority shareholders. With increasing Health & Safety Executive regulations, and an increased reliance on revenue from supplying and servicing steam locomotives to power enthusiast trains, the commercial decision was taken not to reopen Carnforth as a museum or visitor attraction for the 1998 season. Steamtown Railway Museum Ltd still exists today as the holding company, and operates an extensive railway repair and operating facility on the site.

After 1998

In June 1998, West Coast Railway Company was granted an operating licence to become a train operating company. WCR is a spot hire company which provides locomotives, stock and crews to other companies within the rail industry. The company operates charter trains, some of which are hauled by steam locomotives. The company provides stock and crews for steam workings on the national network, and for diesel tours. The headquarters, engineering base and depot are at Carnforth, where locomotives and stock are stored and maintained, and where contract work is undertaken for other operators.
WCR own and operated steam locomotive 5972 Olton Hall under the guise of Hogwarts Castle for the Harry Potter film series, with the Hogwarts Express.

March 2015 SPAD and operating license suspension

On 7 March 2015, the 16:35 return up/east bound Cathedrals Express 1Z67 operated by WCR approaching from Chippenham, headed by Battle of Britain class No. 34067 Tangmere and 13 coaches passed signal SN45 at danger at Wootton Bassett Junction on the Great Western Main Line, overrunning the signal by and coming to a stand blocking the junction. This occurred less than a minute after the up/east bound First Great Western service 1L76, the 15:28 Swansea to London Paddington passenger service approaching via the South Wales Main Line from Badminton, Gloucestershire and operated by an InterCity 125 set, had cleared the junction at. The signal was being maintained at danger to ensure the safety of train 1L76 after it had passed through the junction, as is signalling practice.
The incident was investigated by track owner Network Rail, the Office of Rail Regulation and the Rail Accident Investigation Branch. The RAIB launched an investigation into the incident on 27 March, releasing a statement in which they described the incident as a "dangerous occurrence". According to the RAIB, the SPAD was caused by driver error, after the traincrew isolated the Automatic Warning System and Train Protection & Warning System on approach to a temporary speed restriction in the area of line immediately after signal SN43, the signal before signal SN45. These were not reinstated on approach to signal SN45; as a result, the train was not automatically stopped by the safety systems as it passed the signal at danger. down the line, the train was manually brought to a stop by the driver; it came to a rest across Wootton Bassett Junction.
WCR and NR met on 30 March 2015. NR subsequently expressed the view that at that meeting "WCR demonstrated that its controls, communication and commitment following the recent SPAD were inadequate" and that since then "the response by the senior management of WCR to the issues raised" had been "inadequate", suspending WCR's operator's licence effective from midnight 3 April 2015. Previously operators had been banned from certain routes, but this was a total network ban unprecedented since privatisation. The suspension notice states:
WCR stated that it was in negotiations with NR regarding the terms of the suspension, and also with other train operating companies in order to prevent the cancellation of many scheduled WCR operated railtours during the period of suspension.
On 8 May 2015, Network Rail lifted the track access ban off the company. This meant that the company could continue its scheduled tours for the coming months including the first of the Jacobite railtours.
On 9 December 2015, the Office of Rail and Road announced that the WCR and the driver of the train involved in the incident at Wootton Bassett were to be prosecuted for offences contrary to the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974. An initial hearing was scheduled at Swindon Magistrates Court for 11 January 2016. The case came to trial at Swindon Crown Court on 27 June 2016. WCR and driver Melvyn Cox both pleaded guilty. WCR was fined £200,000 and £64,000 costs. Cox was given a four-month prison sentence, suspended for eighteen months. He was also ordered to do 80 hours unpaid work.

November 2015

On 24 November 2015 it was reported that the Office of Rail and Road had temporarily prohibited WCR from operating steam trains on the mainline rail network, following an initial investigation into an incident near Doncaster on 2 October 2015 when 45231 The Sherwood Forester was hauling a WCR 'Spirit of the Lakes' charter train and the footplate crew of the engine had isolated the Train Protection & Warning System equipment which would have applied the emergency brake if the driver made a safety critical error.

February 2016 Prohibition Notice

On 17 February 2016 the Office of Rail and Road issued a Prohibition Notice to WCR preventing it running its heritage rail services on the mainline railway. The notice relates to concerns about WCR's management of safety, following a number of incidents over the past year.
Under the terms of the notice, the company was not able to operate trains on the mainline network until the ORR was satisfied its governance and operations meet industry practice. Steps the company were required to take included: the introduction of clearer governance structures with proper accountability for safety; more robust risk assessments; and enhanced processes for managing staff with a focus on safety culture. Ian Prosser, HM Chief Inspector of Railways at ORR, said the decision to revoke the company's safety certificate had "not been taken lightly".
On 23 March 2016 the track access ban was lifted.
On 25 September 2018, the Office of Rail Regulation, after extensive review and consultation with other affected parties, renewed West Coast Railway safety certificate for a period of five years.

Services

WCR operates several regular steam-hauled excursions every summer. The most famous of these trains is The Jacobite. It runs along the West Highland Line from Fort William to Mallaig, crossing Glenfinnan Viaduct. It runs Monday to Fridays from the middle of May until the end of October and also runs at weekends from the end of June until the end of August. In 2011, WCR added a second Jacobite service, leaving Fort William in the afternoons from the start of June until the end of August running on Wednesdays, Thursdays and Fridays. 2012 saw this second service increase to five days a week, between June and August.
In July 2002, WCR began to operate the steam-hauled Scarborough Spa Express operated from York to Scarborough three times a week between July and September. After a steam ban on the eastern region in 2014 which resulted in the season being axed a restricted season ran for 2015 over three days in October. This was once again put into place for three days in October 2016, the tour was also renamed The Scarborough Flyer for the 2016 season.
In 2007, West Coast Railways took over operation of the Cambrian Coast Express running over the Cambrian Coast Line from Machynlleth to Porthmadog and Pwllheli and renamed it The Cambrian. The service ran from the last week of July until the end of August between 2007 and 2010. Before the 2011 season, WCR issued a statement stating that due to Network Rail's implementation of the new European Rail Traffic Management System signalling on the Cambrian Coast, which necessitated new in-cab signalling equipment, the seasonal steam services had to cease running because there isn't yet a system available for fitment in steam locomotives.
In 2014, The Dalesman was brought back after a few years absence. The tour started at York and traveled to Carlisle via Normanton, Wakefield, Leeds, Keighley, Skipton, Hellifield and the Settle-Carlisle Line. The tour was diesel-hauled from York to Hellifield where steam traction took over the train and travelled along the Settle and Carlisle line to Carlisle and then back to Hellifield. It had been planned to run only on Thursdays for 2016 but due to a landslip north of Appleby on the Settle and Carlisle line, The Dalesman did not run again until 2017 when the line re-opened.
In 2016, to replace The Dalesman season, a new set of tours of The Scarborough Spa Express were run from Carnforth to Scarborough with steam haulage being between York and Scarborough. Alternating each week the tour would for one week run from Carnforth to York via Hellifield and Keighley and then the following week would run via Preston, Blackburn and Brighouse. As of 2020 these trips are still running in place of the original Scarborough Spa Express trains, the tours start off diesel worked from Carnforth with a steam loco taking over in York.
In June 2018, West Coast Railways ran a service on the Lakes Line between Oxenholme and Windermere after Arriva Rail North cancelled all trains on the line in the short term in an attempt to fix the disruption and cancellations around their network.

Train Operating Company

WCR provides locomotives, stock and crews for railtour organisers. It provides crews to SRPS and Vintage Trains, who own their own stock. WCR act or have acted as train operating company to the following companies:
Former companies operated with:
Routes commonly operated over by WCR include the nearby Cumbrian Coast Line and Furness Line, Little North Western Line, the Settle-Carlisle Line and the West Highland Line. The company utilises several sidings at Hellifield, south of Settle Junction, where the lines to and diverge, allowing easy access to the WCR home base.

Depots

The headquarters and main depot is at Carnforth MPD. The former London Midland and Scottish Railway depot coded 10A has workshops for steam and diesel locomotives, and also carriage and wagon facilities to maintain the company's fleet of Mark 1 and Mark 2 carriages. The site includes extensive sidings plus a paint shop.
The company's second base is the former Great Western Railway depot at Southall Railway Centre in West London which it has occupied since 2008. "The Green Train" is based here, used on "The Cathedrals Express".
For half of the year the company also uses part of Fort William depot as a base for the stock and locomotives for its Jacobite service. The Arriva Trains Wales depot at Machynlleth has also been used previously for the Cambrian trains, but due to the line having the new ERTMS system fitted which presently isn't compatible with steam locos the services had to cease.

Rolling stock

The company owns and operates a fleet of diesel locomotives, which are primarily used to haul charter trains, but have also been hired to other railway operators. The fleet is mainly composed of Class 37 and Class 47 locomotives, but also includes Class 57 locomotives, including the prototype passenger locomotive 57601.
Several Class 37 locomotives were purchased from Ian Riley Engineering, which ceased its spot-hire operations in mid-2004. In 2005, WCR won the contract to haul The Royal Scotsman luxury train. As a result, its two operational Class 37 locomotives and a Class 47 were repainted into a revised maroon livery, officially known as Royal Scotsman Claret, based on that of the Royal Scotsman carriages. In late 2005, WCR sold its two operational Class 37 locomotives to Direct Rail Services, and received four Class 33 locomotives in exchange. As of 2011, WCR started investing in more Class 57 locomotives, bought from Advenza Freight, Harry Needle Railroad Company, Freightliner and former Arriva Trains Wales/Virgin Trains locomotives from Porterbrook Leasing.
The company's coaching stock consists of vacuum and air plus dual braked Mark 1 and Mark 2 coaches, mostly painted in the British Railways maroon livery, albeit with West Coast Railways branding on the bodyside. Some of these coaches were built as British Railways Pullman coaches.

Fleet details

Steam locomotives

Locomotives listed here are not owned by WCR, but are made available to operate on the mainline by their respective owners.
Some engines may not now be operated on the mainline because their mainline or boiler ticket has expired or may be on display away from the national network. 5972 Olton Hall was on a 2-year loan agreement from November 2014 to the Warner Bros Studio Tour in Leavesden for their Harry Potter tour.
NumberNameClassLiveryOwnerTops NoMainline untilAir Brk'sLocationPhotographNotes
4936Kinlet HallGWR "Hall" N/AKinlet Hall & Thornbury Castle Ltd98536-NoTyseley LW
5029Nunney CastleGWR "Castle" N/AIcons of Steam98728-YesCrewe LNWR
5972Olton HallGWR "Hall" Hogwarts CrimsonDavid Smith98572-NoLeavesdenOn loan to Warner Bros.
6024King Edward IGWR "King" BR Green, Late Crest Royal Scot Locomotive and General Trust98824-YesMinehead
6880Betton GrangeGWR "Grange" BR Green, TBC The Betton Grange Society98580-NoTyseley LWNew build of next member of class.
9466-GWR "9400 Pannier Tank" BR Black, Early Emblem9466 Locomotive Group984662023NoQuainton Road
31806-SR "U Boat" BR Black, Late CrestJohn Bunch984##2025NoSwanage
34016BodminSR "West Country" BR Green, Late CrestDavid Smith98716-NoCarnforth MPD
34046*BrauntonSR "West Country" BR Green, Late CrestIcons of Steam987462023YesCrewe LNWR.
34067TangmereSR "Battle of Britain" BR Green, Late CrestDavid Smith98767-YesCarnforth MPD
35018British India LineSR "Merchant Navy" BR Green, Late CrestDavid Smith988182024NoCarnforth MPD
44767*George StephensonLMS Stanier Class 5 N/ADavid Smith98567-NoCarnforth MPD
44871-LMS Stanier Class 5 BR Black, Early EmblemIan Riley985712024YesBury
44932-LMS Stanier Class 5 N/ADavid Smith98532-NoCarnforth MPD
45212-LMS Stanier Class 5 BR Black, Late CrestKeighley and Worth Valley Railway985122024YesCarnforth MPDOn long term loan to Ian Riley.
45231The Sherwood ForesterLMS Stanier Class 5 BR Black, Late CrestIcons of Steam985312026YesCrewe LNWR
45305Alderman A.E DraperLMS Stanier Class 5 BR Black, Late CrestDraper family985052020NoLoughborough
45407The Lancashire FusilierLMS Stanier Class 5 BR Black, Early EmblemIan Riley985072027YesBury
45596BahamasLMS "Jubilee" BR Green, Late CrestBahamas Locomotive Society986962026NoHaworthOnly surviving jubilee with double chimney. Returned to mainline on 15/1/19.
45690LeanderLMS "Jubilee" BR Black, Early EmblemChris Beet986902021NoCarnforth MPD
45699GalateaLMS "Jubilee" BR Green, Late CrestDavid Smith986992023NoCarnforth MPDPresently running in identity of 45562 Alberta
46100Royal ScotLMS "Royal Scot" BR Green, Early EmblemRoyal Scot Locomotive and General Trust987022022YesCrewe LNWR
46115Scots GuardsmanLMS "Royal Scot" BR Green, Late CrestDavid Smith987152026NoCarnforth MPD
6201Princess ElizabethLMS "Princess Royal" LMS Crimson LakePrincess Elizabeth Locomotive Society98801-YesCarnforth MPD
6233Duchess of SutherlandLMS "Princess Coronation" LMS Crimson LakePrincess Royal Class Loco. Trust988342025YesSouthall MPDRecently undergone boiler repairs and repaint from BR green.
48151-LMS Stanier 8F BR Black, Late CrestDavid Smith98851-NoCarnforth MPDTicket expired in August 2019
60007Sir Nigel GresleyLNER A4 BR Blue Sir Nigel Gresley Locomotive Trust98898-YesYork NRM
60009Union of South AfricaLNER A4 BR Green, Late CrestJohn Cameron988092020YesYork NRM
4464BitternLNER A4 LNER Garter BlueIcons of Steam98819-YesMargateOn display at Hornby Hobbies Visitor Centre.
60103Flying ScotsmanLNER A3 BR Green, Late CrestNational Collection988722023YesBuryRecently worked memorial train for Sir William McAlpine
60163TornadoLNER A1 BR Apple GreenA1 Steam Locomotive Trust988632020/21YesRedmire
60532Blue PeterLNER A2 N/ARoyal Scot Locomotive and General Trust98832-I/HCrewe LNWR
1264-LNER B1 LNER Lined BlackThompson B1 Loco Trust985642021NoGrosmont
61306MayflowerLNER B1 BR Apple GreenDavid Buck985062025NoSouthall MPDRecently returned to service following an overhaul
62005-LNER K1 BR Black, Late CrestNELPG986052019NoLoughborough
70000BritanniaBR Standard Class 7 BR Green, Late CrestRoyal Scot Locomotive and General Trust987002020YesCrewe LNWR
70013Oliver CromwellBR Standard Class 7 BR Green, Late CrestNational Collection98713-NoLoughboroughBoiler ticket expired in December 2018, stored awaiting overhaul.
76084-BR Standard Class 4 2-6-0BR Black, Early Emblem76084 Locomotive Company Limited984842023NoHolt

Modern Traction

All locomotives below are owned and operated by West Coast Railways.

Diesel locomotives

Locos which formerly carried names but now aren't wearing them are marked.
NumberClassNameLiveryDate AcquiredInto TrafficPrevious OperatorStatusERTMS FittedMax Speed
D208403-BR Greenex-PreservationDepot ShunterNot Required15 mph
0319603-BR Greenex-British RailDepot ShunterNot Required15 mph
D238103-BR Greenex-British RailStoredNot Required15 mph
0841808-EWS Redex-EWSStoredNot Required15 mph
0848508-BR Blueex-EWSDepot shunterNot Required15 mph
0867808ArtilaWCR Maroonex-Glaxo, UlverstonDepot ShunterNot Required15 mph
3302533WCR Maroonex-Direct Rail ServicesOperationalNo80 mph
3302933WCR Maroonex-Direct Rail ServicesOperationalNo80 mph
3303033-DRS Oxford Blue OriginalN\Aex-Direct Rail ServicesSpares DonorNo80 mph
3320733Jim MartinWCR Maroonex-Direct Rail ServicesOperationalNo80 mph
3721437WCR Maroonex-PreservationSpares donorNo90 mph
3751637Loch LaidonWCR Maroonex-EWSOperationalNo90 mph
3751737-LoadhaulN/Aex-EWSStoredNo90 mph
3751837-WCR Maroonex-Ian RileyOperationalNo90 mph
3766837-WCR Maroonex-EWSOperationalYes90 mph
3766937-WCR Maroonex-EWSOperationalYes90 mph
3767637Loch RannochWCR Maroonex-EWSOperationalNo90 mph
3768537Loch ArkaigWCR Maroonex-EWSOperationalNo90 mph
3770637-WCR Maroonex-EWSOperationalNo90 mph
3771037-LoadhaulN/Aex-EWSSpares donorNo90 mph
3771237-WCR Maroonex-EWSStoredNo90 mph
4719447-RailfreightN/Aex-FM RailSpares donorNo95 mph
4723647-RfDN/Aex-FM RailSpares donorNo95 mph
4723747WCR Maroonex-Advenza FreightOperationalNo95 mph
4724547-WCR Maroonex-Harry Needle Railroad CompanyOperationalNo95 mph
4727047SwiftBR Blueex-PreservationUnder repairNo95 mph
4735547-FM RailN/Aex-European Metal RecyclingStoredNo95 mph
4736847-RailfreightN/Aex-FM RailSpares donorNo95 mph
4749247-Rail Express SystemsN/Aex-PreservationSpares donorNo95 mph
4752647-BR Large LogoN/Aex-FM RailSpares donorNo95 mph
4774647Chris Fudge 29.7.70-22.6.10WCR Maroonex-Preservation OperationalNo95 mph
4776047-WCR Maroonex-EWSOperationalNo95 mph
4776847-UndercoatN/Aex-PreservationStoredNo95 mph
4777247Carnforth TMDWCR Maroonex-EWSOperationalNo95 mph
4777647-Rail Express SystemsN/Aex-EWSStoredNo95 mph
4778647Roy Castle OBEWCR Maroonex-EWSOperationalNo95 mph
4778747WCR Maroonex-EWSUnder repairNo95 mph
4780247-WCR MaroonAugust 2015ex-Direct Rail ServicesOperationalNo95 mph
4780447-WCR Maroonex-EWSOperationalNo95 mph
4782647-WCR Maroonex-Virgin CrossCountryOperationalNo95 mph
4783247-WCR Maroonex-Direct Rail ServicesOperationalNo95 mph
4785147WCR Maroonex-Virgin CrossCountryOperationalNo95 mph
4785447Diamond JubileeWCR Maroonex-Virgin CrossCountryOperationalNo95 mph
5700157WCR Maroonex-FreightlinerUnder repairNo75 mph
5700557-Advenza Freight BlueN/Aex-Advenza FreightStoredNo75 mph
5700657-WCR Maroonex-Advenza FreightOperationalNo75 mph
5731357*Tracy IslandWest Coast Pullman liveryex-PorterbrookOperationalNo95 mph
5731457*FireflyWCR Maroonex-PorterbrookOperationalNo95 mph
5731557*The MoleWCR Maroonex-PorterbrookOperationalNo95 mph
5731657*FAB1WCR Maroonex-PorterbrookOperationalNo95 mph
5760157Windsor CastleWest Coast Pullman liveryex-PorterbrookOperationalNo95 mph

Electric locomotives

West Coast Railways acquired its first electric locomotive in February 2020.
Number Number ClassNameLiveryDate AcquiredInto TrafficPrevious OperatorStatusERTMS FittedMax Speed
E31998640186Mons MegCaledonian Blueex-Caledonian SleeperOperationalNo100 mph

Preserved locomotives

Bold = Current number
Pre Tops NumberTops NumberClassNameLiveryOwnerStatusLocationPhotographNotes
3454014540-BR BlueClass 40 Preservation SocietyOperationalBury
D17624758047County of EssexBR Blue Stratford 47 GroupOperationalCarnforth
D17554777347-BR Two-Tone GreenVintage TrainsOperationalTyseley
D19664782847-Intercity SwallowD05 Preservation CompanyOperationalCarnforth
D4075000750HerculesBR BlueClass 50 AllianceOperationalKidderminster
D4445004450ExeterN/AClass 50 AllianceUnder OverhaulKidderminsterRecently undergone an engine change following a power unit failure.
D4495004950DefianceBR Blue, Large LogoClass 50 AllianceOperationalKidderminster
D1015~52Western ChampionBR MaroonDiesel Traction GroupOperationalKidderminster
D90005502255Royal Scots GreyBR BlueBeaver Sports LtdOperationalGrosmont
D90095500955AlycidonBR BlueDeltic Preservation SocietyOperationalBarrow Hill
E31378625986Les RossBR Electric BlueLes RossOperationalWillesdenNamed Les Ross on one side & Peter Pan on the other.
E31998640186Mons MegCaledonian BlueDavid SmithOperationalCarnforth MPDPurchased in February 2020 from Electric Traction Limited by West Coast Railways.