Two-center bipolar coordinates



In mathematics, two-center bipolar coordinates is a coordinate system, based on two coordinates which give distances from two fixed centers, and. This system is very useful in some scientific applications.

Transformation to Cartesian coordinates

The transformation to Cartesian coordinates from two-center bipolar coordinates is
where the centers of this coordinate system are at and.

Transformation to polar coordinates

When x>0 the transformation to polar coordinates from two-center bipolar coordinates is
where is the distance between the poles.