Royal New Zealand Coastguard
The Royal New Zealand Coastguard is the primary civilian marine search and rescue organisation for New Zealand. Unlike a number of other countries, the organisation is a non-governmental, civilian charitable organisation, with no enforcement powers. Uniformed agencies of the New Zealand government, including the police, Maritime New Zealand and customs, manage New Zealand's maritime law enforcement and border control. Coastguard New Zealand has a strong focus on boating education.
History
Sea rescue services have existed in some shape or form in New Zealand since at least 1861, but it was not until some time later that the modern Coastguard New Zealand was formed.1970's
- Following tragic events such as the Wahine disaster, various local groups that had been operating separately recognised a need for a unified, national organisation and so they formed the "New Zealand Coastguard Federation" in 1976.
- Units began offering training and education to local boaties in an effort to reduce incidents since at least 1979.
1980's
- Radio communications are introduced and play a large part in assisting with search and rescue events.
- Name changes to "Royal New Zealand Coastguard Federation" in 1986 as the charity is granted Royal Patronage, with Prince Charles as the Patron.
1990's
- First Air Patrol unit is introduced in 1991 which means that for the first time in New Zealand survivors would be able to be seen from the sky as a part of Coastguard search and rescue incidents.
- "Nowcasting" service was introduced in Auckland in 1992. This was different from simply broadcasting a forecast as weather measuring instruments had also been installed. This was later rolled out through the rest of the country.
2000's
- Dropped "Federation" from the name in 2005.
- Began charging a call-out rate per-hour to non-members in 2006.
- Calls were made for government funding in 2007.
- Law changes were passed in 2008 requiring Auckland councils to provide funding for, among other things, including Coastguard Northern Region. For more info, see Auckland Regional Amenities Funding Act 2008.
Organisation
Incident types
The type of incident will influence a number of factors, such as who is in control of the incident and who will pay for the incident. Other organisations may also become involved in an incident including:- New Zealand Defence Force
- Fire and Emergency New Zealand
- NZ Land Search & Rescue
- Civil Aviation Authority
Category 1 (New Zealand Police)
- Person on-board vessel is overdue
- Death near shore
- Usually on-land or within a few miles of the shore
Category 2 (Rescue Coordination Centre New Zealand)
Some examples of a Category 2 incident are:- Marine EPIRB activated
- Plane crash
- May be coordinated internationally or several miles off the shore
Coastguard non-emergency assistance
Mission, vision and focus
The vision of the organisation is "No boaties’ lives lost at sea" with the mission "To be the ‘go to’ people for marine safety, education and search and rescue services".The focuses for Coastguard New Zealand currently are:
- Our People
- Community
- Financial
- Reputation
Personnel
Becoming a volunteer
As a charity, Coastguard requires volunteer crew in order to continue their operations. Many rural units need crew now, with some urban areas operating a wait list instead. Interested people can apply on the How do I become a Coastguard volunteer? website. Applicants need to pass a "police vet". This is more stringent than just a regular criminal convictions check as crew may work with vulnerable people.SAR Crew
Units require people to attend search and rescue events as they may arise.Rescue Vessel Crew
Involves being a crew member onboard a Coastguard Rescue Vessel. There are many roles on-board, including helmsperson, navigator / radio operator, observer and skipper.Air Patrol Crew
Involves being an air observer or tactical officer. The air patrol typically involves small planes.Shore Crew
Units require people on-shore to maintain the operations of the unit. This involves operating radios and managing incidents, among other things.Radio Operator
Communicates with vessels at sea, including rescues vessels. This role requires the crew member to hold a Maritime VHF Radio Operator Certificate. The role involIncident Controller
Coordinates search and rescues operations. The role is suited to someone who has previous people management experience. This role is especially important when working with other agencies, in which case the Coordinated Information Management System is used.Training Officer
Plans and manages the delivery of training to the unit and ensures the crew remains competent. This role also involving assessing crew and reporting results.Safety Officer
Manages unit compliance with the Health and Safety in Employment Act, as well as the Maritime Transport Act and the general Health and Safety needs of the unit. The role encompasses the vessel, buildings and crew & may also involve maintaining relationships with WorkSafe New Zealand and Maritime New Zealand.Asset Manager
Manages on-going repairs and maintenance for the units buildings, vessels and vehicles.Crew Manager
Represent the crew members to the board and maintains the crews welfare.Unit Management and Administration
The individual units of the Coastguard each have a treasurer, as well as a number of other roles. The units also take some responsibility for fundraising in their community.Equipment
Boats
All units operate small to medium-sized marine rescue vessels, typically under nine metres. They are specially equipped with rescue equipment, such as:- Life rings
- Medical Kit
- Oxygen Kit
- Defibrillators
- Boat hooks
- Throw bags
- Radar, compass and GPS
Aircraft
Uniforms
Crew members are provided with a distinctive red uniform that is suitable for challenging marine conditions. Some of the clothing includes:- Wet weather jacket
- Overalls
- Life jacket
- Sea boots
- Marine grab bag
Services
Marine VHF radio
A number of services are provided by the Coastguard via. marine VHF radio. The person operating the VHF radio is required to hold a Maritime VHF Radio Operator Certificate. All emergency calls should be made on marine VHF channel 16. The channel is monitored by the Rescue Coordination Centre New Zealand and the Coastguard Marine Rescue Centre. Nearby vessels are also encouraged to listen on the channel for any distress calls.Marine Weather
Provides up-to-date marine weather for all of New Zealand. This is also known as "nowcasting". The channels used for the Marine Weather service are available on the Coastguard website.Trip Reports and Bar Crossing
Provides ability to lodge a trip report. It is a good idea to do a trip report when departing on the water and when crossing a bar. You should always remember to close your trip report when you arrive back safely or when you cross the bar. In the event that an alarm is raised, search and rescue teams will have information available to assist them with the rescue. The channels used for the Trip Reports service are available on the Coastguard website. The information collected includes:- Boat name and callsign
- Where you are travelling to
- Number of People onboard
- When you plan to arrive
Coastguard Boating Education
- Day Skipper
- Boatmaster
- Maritime VHF Radio Operator Certificate
- Maritime Restricted Radio Operator Certificate
Old4New lifejacket replacement programme
As part of a water safety campaign, Coastguard is conducting a programme where old, and oftentimes unserviceable, lifejackets can be replaced at a lower cost than the retail price. More information is available on the Old4New website.Statistics
Financials
In the 2018 financial year, Coastguard New Zealand received $10.6m in income and had $9.9m in expenses.Income (in 2018)
- 47% Grants
- 27% Lottery ticket sales
- 10% Examination fees
- 13% Donations
- 1% Sale of publications
- 2% Interest and other income
Expenses (in 2018)
- 42% Support for regions and units
- 17% Direct lottery expenditure
- 16% Professional services and other costs
- 13% Income stream development
- 6% Boating Education services
- 3% Public safety and communications
- 2% Accommodation
- 1% Governance and AGM
Volunteers and rescues
In the media
2016
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2017