Renfe Operadora
Renfe Operadora is the state-owned company which operates freight and passenger trains on the, the and the networks of the Spanish national railway infrastructure company Adif.
History
The name "Renfe" is derived from that of the former Spanish National Railway Network, RENFE created on 24 January 1941 with the nationalisation of Spain's railways. As per EU Directive 91/440, RENFE was divided into Renfe-Operadora and ADIF on 1 January 2005. At the same time, the existing RENFE double-arrowed logo, first introduced in 1971 and given a facelift in 1983, with a sans-serif font, and again in 2000, with a mixed-case italic font, has been replaced by a dark purple lower-case wordmark designed by Interbrand, and also replaces some of the separate logos used by the other sectors, although the old RENFE logo remains in use in some stations in Spain and on maps to indicate an ADIF station.The Railway Sector Act, 2003 separated the management, maintenance and construction of rail infrastructure from train operation. The first activity is now the responsibility of :es:Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias|Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias, the legal successor of RENFE, while the newly created Renfe-Operadora owns the rolling stock and remains responsible for the planning, marketing and operation of passenger and freight services.
Renfe Operadora inherited the management model of the business units of the old RENFE, which made Renfe Operadora responsible for the operation of the following passenger and freight services. In January 2006, Renfe Operadora restructured the main business units into four:
- Dirección General de Servicios Públicos de Cercanías y Media Distancia : responsible for commuter services, medium-distance high-speed rail AVE services and medium-range regional services. However, control of some Cercanías services were transferred to Spain's Autonomous communities.
- Dirección General de Servicios de Larga Distancia : responsible for long-distance intercity and high-speed rail services.
- Dirección General de Servicios de Mercancías y Logística : responsible for freight services.
- Dirección General de Fabricación y Mantenimiento : responsible for rolling stock maintenance and manufacture
Structure
In June 2013, Renfe's board agreed to restructure the organisation into four separate companies, responsible for:- Operating passenger trains;
- Freight;
- Rolling stock maintenance;
- Train leasing
Figures
Operations
The company operates some of railways, of them electrified. Most of the tracks are constructed to the broad "Iberian gauge" of, the same as that used in Portugal but wider than the international gauge of which is standard in neighbouring France, most of western and central Europe, and most of the rest of the world. The newer high-speed network has been built to the international standard gauge of for the connection to the rest of the European railway system. For this reason, the gauge is generally termed "European gauge" in Spain.The Spanish high-speed system is called AVE. The logo incorporates a feature which resembles a bird. The high-speed lines are built to the standard European gauge.
Construction of the high-speed rail line between Madrid and Seville began in 1988 and operation commenced in 1991. Train speed on the Seville line is. The second high-speed rail line was completed in 2007 with the inaugural service commencing at 06:00 on 20 February 2008. The operational speed on this route is. The greater part of the line was placed into service on 11 October 2003, with connection to Huesca from Zaragoza. The third high-speed line was opened in November 2005, followed by the spur from Córdoba to Málaga as far as Antequera in 2007. Another high-speed route from Madrid to Valladolid was opened in 2007, the line from Madrid to Valencia was opened in 2010 and the first stage of the high-speed line in Galicia opened in 2011. A line to Lisbon is being designed.
Other lines operated by Renfe include Euromed, a moderate-speed line between Barcelona and Alicante.
In addition to intercity transport, Renfe operates commuter train systems, known as Cercanías, in eleven metropolitan areas, including Madrid and Barcelona. In some cities, Renfe shares the market with other commuter railway operators, such as FGC in Barcelona.
Passenger rolling stock
Renfe Operadora utilises the following rolling stock and commercial products inside of its two divisions:Suburban and Medium Distance (DGSPCMD)
Cercanías (commuter rail)
Medium Distance
Long Distance (DGSLD)
| Service | Rolling stock | Route | Image |
| Altaria | RENFE Class 334 locomotive + Talgo IV cars | Madrid – Algeciras Madrid – Granada Madrid – Murcia – Cartagena | |
| Talgo | RENFE Class 252/334 locomotive + Talgo VI cars | Madrid – Almería Barcelona – Murcia – Cartagena/Lorca Torre del Oro: Barcelona – Valencia – Sevilla | |
| Intercity | Renfe Class 252 locomotive + Talgo VI cars | Madrid – Valencia | |
| Intercity | Renfe Class 334/252 locomotive and Series 2000 cars | A Coruña - Hendaye Vigo - Bilbao | - |
| Trenhotel | RENFE Class 252/334 locomotive + Talgo sleeper cars | Galicia: Barcelona – A Coruña Barcelona – Vigo Rías Gallegas: Madrid – Pontevedra Atlántico: Madrid – A Coruña - Ferrol Lusitania: Madrid – Lisbon Surexpreso: Hendaye – Lisbon |
| Service | Rolling stock | Route | Image |
| AVE | RENFE Class 100 EMU | Madrid – Sevilla Madrid – Alicante Madrid – Marseille Barcelona – Toulouse Barcelona – Lyon | |
| AVE | RENFE Class 102 EMU | Madrid – Huesca Madrid – Zaragoza Madrid – Valladolid Madrid – Málaga Valencia – Sevilla | |
| AVE | RENFE Class 103 EMU | Madrid – Barcelona Madrid – Málaga | |
| AVE | RENFE Class 112 EMU | Madrid – Cuenca – Valencia Madrid – Cuenca – Albacete Madrid – León Barcelona – Málaga Barcelona – Zaragoza Barcelona – Sevilla | |
| Alvia | RENFE Class 120/121 EMU | Madrid – Pamplona Madrid – Logroño Madrid – Irún/Hendaya Madrid – Bilbao Barcelona – Irún Barcelona – Bilbao Barcelona – Pamplona Barcelona – Valladolid | |
| Alvia | RENFE Class 130 EMU | Madrid – Gijón Madrid – Santander Alicante – Gijón Alicante – Santander Madrid – Cádiz Madrid – Huelva Madrid – Valencia – Castellón Madrid – Valencia – Gandía Barcelona – A Coruña Barcelona – Vigo Barcelona – Gijón | |
| Alvia | RENFE Class 730 HMU | Alicante – Madrid – Pontevedra Alicante – Madrid – A Coruña Madrid – Ferrol Madrid – Pontevedra Madrid – Ponferrada Madrid-Murcia | |
| :es:AVE City|AVE City | RENFE Class 104 EMU RENFE Class 121 EMU | Valencia – Málaga Madrid – Sevilla Madrid – León | |
| Euromed | RENFE Class 130 EMU | Barcelona – Valencia – Alicante |
Class numbers
All classes are designated by three numbers. The first digit has a special meaning:- 1xx: High speed multiple unit
- 2xx: Electric locomotive
- 3xx: Diesel locomotive
- 4xx: Electric multiple unit
- 5xx: Diesel multiple unit
- 6xx: Hybrid locomotive
- 7xx: Hybrid multiple unit
- 8xx: Trams which can run on railways