National Space Organization
The National Space Organization is the national civilian space agency of Taiwan, part of the National Applied Research Laboratories under the auspices of the Ministry of Science and Technology. NSPO is involved in the development of space technologies and related research.
Organization
NSPO headquarters and the main ground control station are in Hsinchu. The NSPO is organized as follows:NSPO also has numerous laboratories, such as:
- System Simulation Laboratory
- Thermal Control Laboratory
- Microwave Communication Laboratory
- Data Processing Laboratory
- Attitude Determination and Control Laboratory
- Electro-optics Laboratory
- Structure Development Laboratory
- Electrical Power Laboratory
- Multi-layer Insulation Laboratory
Taiwanese rocket launch program
Mission | Date | Payload | Result |
SR-I | 15 December 1998 | - | Successful first test flight. |
SR-II | 24 October 2001 | Tri-Methyl Aluminum | Second stage ignition failure, mission lost |
SR-III | 24 December 2003 | Tri-Methyl Aluminum | Mission successful |
SR-IV | 14 December 2004 | Airglow photometer, GPS receiver | Mission successful |
SR-V | 15 January 2006 | Ion probe | Mission successful |
SR-VII | May 10, 2010 | Ion probe | Mission successful |
Taiwanese satellite launch vehicle program
Little has been publicly revealed about the specification of the ROC 's first launch vehicle for small satellites . It should be able to place a 100 kg payload to a 500–700 km orbit. This SLV will be a major technological improvement based on existing sounding rockets and will consist of four solid propellant stages with two strap-on solid rocket boosters. Therefore, it will be in the same class of the Indian SLV-3. The inaugural launch was scheduled to take place during the second phase of the 2004–2018 space project, placing a Taiwanese-made satellite into orbit and after the preparatory launches of 10 to 15 sounding rockets.Taiwanese designed and built satellites
Formosat (formerly ROCSAT)
The FORMOSAT name derived from Formosa and satellite = Republic of China + satellite ).- Formosat-1 : Communications and ionospheric research satellite, launched in January 1999.
- Formosat-2 : Ionospheric research and surface mapping satellite, launched May 2004.
- Formosat-3/COSMIC: Constellation of six microsatellites to perform GPS occultation studies of the upper atmosphere. Collaborative project with US agencies including NASA, NOAA and the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, launched in April 2006.
- Formosat-5: Optical earth observation and magnetic field research as a successor to the Japanese Reimei mission. Cooperation with Japan and Canada. Launch was originally planned for 2011, it was launched in 2017.
- Formosat-6 was a micro satellite project, its development was cancelled.
- Formosat-7 is a group of 6 satellites in low inclination orbits to provide meteorology data at low and mid latitudes. Launch took place in June of 2019.
Others
- YamSat: Series of picosatellites designed to carry out simple short duration spectroscopy missions. Originally planned for launch in 2003 by a Russian launch vehicle but cancelled due to political pressure from the Russian government.
- Arase: JAXA mission to study the inner magnetosphere, launched 2016. Taiwan provided an instrument.
- RISESAT: microsatellite developed by Tohoku University, Japan, launched in 2019. Taiwan provided an instrument.
Planned missions
- Triton, The FORMOSAT-7R is a micro-satellite designed and manufactured by NSPO. It is planned along with the FORMOSAT-7 program, thus it continues to use FORMOSAT serial number and subjoins a letter “R” for identification. Known as the “wind hunter” the satellite will measure sea winds and provide a supplement to the FORMOSAT-7 constellation. The name ”Triton” is given due to its mission. Triton is to be launched in 2021 by Arianespace SA from the Kourou launch complex in French Guiana. The Triton satellite will be 87% Taiwanese made, an improvement from the Formosat-7’s 78%.
- Formosat-8, remote sensing satellite planned to follow Triton.
Developments and long term plans
The second phase is scheduled to take place between 2006 and 2018. It will involve an emphasis on developing technological integration and miniaturization capabilities required for the development of constellations of microsatellites, as well as encouraging growth in the local aerospace industry.
Since 2009, NSPO has been working with university research teams in developing innovative technology to improve the overall efficiency of hybrid rockets. Nitrous oxide/HTPB propellant systems were employed with efficiency boosting designs, which resulted in great improvements in hybrid rocket performance using two patented designs. So far, several hybrid rockets have been successfully launched to 10~20 km altitudes, including a demonstration of in-flight stops/restarts. By the end of 2014, they will attempt conducting suborbital experiments to 100~200 km altitude.
There have been proposals to elevate NSPO's status to that of a national research institute, however such plans were under debate Legislative Yuan as of late 2007.
In 2019 the Ministry of Science and Technology announced an expected cost of NT$25.1 billion for the third phase of the National Space Program. The third phase will see at least one satellite launched per year between 2019 and 2028.
In August 2019 Thailand’s Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency announced that they would consult with the National Space Organization on developing their own indigenous satellites.