List of environmental issues
This is an alphabetical list of environmental issues, harmful aspects of human activity on the biophysical environment. They are loosely divided into causes, effects and mitigation, noting that effects are interconnected and can cause new effects.
Issues
- Human overpopulation — Biocapacity climate change • Carrying capacity • Exploitation • Industrialisation • I = PAT • Land degradation • Land reclamation • Optimum population • Overshoot • Population density • Population dynamics • Population growth • Projections of population growth • Total fertility rate • Urbanization • Waste • Water conflict • Water scarcity • Overdrafting
- Hydrology — Environmental impacts of reservoirs • Tile drainage • Hydrology • Flooding • Landslide
- Intensive farming — Agricultural subsidy • Environmental effects of meat production • Intensive animal farming • Intensive crop farming • Irrigation • Monoculture • Nutrient pollution • Overgrazing • Pesticide drift • Plasticulture • Slash and burn • Tile drainage
- Land use — Built environment • Desertification • Habitat fragmentation • Habitat destruction • Land degradation • Land pollution • Lawn-environmental concerns • Trail ethics • Urban heat island • Urban sprawl
- Nanotechnology — Impact of nanotechnology
- Natural disasters
- Nuclear issues — Nuclear fallout • Nuclear meltdown • Nuclear power • Nuclear weapons • Nuclear and radiation accidents • Nuclear safety • High-level radioactive waste management
- Ocean trash
- Water Pollution
Effects
- Climate change — Global warming • Global dimming • Fossil fuels • Sea level rise • Greenhouse gas • Ocean acidification • Shutdown of thermohaline circulation • Environmental impact of the coal industry • Urban Heat Islands • Flooding
- Environmental degradation — Habitat destruction • Invasive species
- Environmental health — Air quality • Asthma • Birth defect • Developmental disability • endocrine disruptors • Environmental impact of the coal industry • Environmental impact of nanotechnology • Electromagnetic field • Electromagnetic radiation and health • Indoor air quality • Lead poisoning • Leukemia • Nanotoxicology • Nature deficit disorder • One Health • Sick Building Syndrome • Environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing
- Environmental issues with energy — Environmental impact of the coal industry • Environmental impact of the energy industry • Environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing
- Environmental issues with war - Agent Orange • Depleted Uranium • Military Superfund site •Scorched earth • War and environmental law • Unexploded ordnance
- Overpopulation — Burial • Overpopulation in companion animals • Tragedy of the commons • Gender Imbalance in Developing Countries • Sub-replacement fertility levels in developed countries
- Mutation breeding — Genetic pollution
- Synthetic biology — Synthetic DNA — Artificially Expanded Genetic Information System — Hachimoji DNA
- Genetically modified food - Genetically modified crops - Genetically modified livestock - Genetically modified food controversies
- Pollution — Nonpoint source pollution • Point source pollution
- Resource depletion — Exploitation of natural resources • Overdrafting •Overexploitation
- Toxicants — Agent Orange • Asbestos • Beryllium • Bioaccumulation • Biomagnification • Chlorofluorocarbons • Cyanide • DDT • Endocrine disruptors • Explosives • Environmental impact of the coal industry • Herbicides • Hydrocarbons • Perchlorate • Pesticides • Persistent organic pollutant • PBBs • PBDEs • Toxic heavy metals • PCB • Dioxin • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons • Radioactive contamination • Volatile organic compounds
- Waste — Electronic waste • Great Pacific Garbage Patch • Illegal dumping • Incineration • Litter • :Category:Waste disposal incidents|Waste disposal incidents • Marine debris • Medical waste • Landfill • Leachate • Toxic waste • Environmental impact of the coal industry • Exporting of hazardous waste
Mitigation
- Conservation
- * Ecosystems — Anoxic waters • Biodiversity • Biosecurity • Coral bleaching • Black carbon • Edge effect • Habitat destruction • Organic farming • Habitat fragmentation • In-situ leach
- * Fishing — Blast fishing • Bottom trawling • By-catch • Cetacean bycatch • Gillnetting • Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing • Environmental effects of fishing • Marine pollution • Overfishing • Whaling
- * Forests — Clearcutting • Deforestation • Illegal logging • Trail ethics
- * Natural resources — Resource depletion • Exploitation of natural resources • Steady-state economy
- * Species — Endangered species • Genetic diversity • Habitat destruction • Holocene extinction • Invasive species • Poaching • Pollinator decline • Species extinction • Threshold host density • Wildlife trade • Wildlife disease
- * Energy conservation — Efficient energy use - Carfree city - Local food
- * Renewable energy — Renewable energy commercialization
- * Recreation — Protected areas
- * Water conservation
- Disaster mitigation
- Environmental law - Environmental crime • Environmental justice • Polluter pays principle • Precautionary principle • Regulatory capture - Trail ethics