List of craters on Mars
This is a list of craters on Mars. Impact craters on Mars larger than 1 km exist by the hundreds of thousands, but only about one thousand of them have names. Names are assigned by the International Astronomical Union after petitioning by relevant scientists, and in general, only craters that have a significant research interest are given names. Martian craters are named after famous scientists and science fiction authors, or if less than 60 km in diameter, after towns on Earth. Craters cannot be named for living people, and names for small craters are rarely intended to commemorate a specific town. Latitude and longitude are given as planetographic coordinates with west longitude.
Catalog of named craters
The catalog is divided into three partial lists:Statistics
As of 2017, Martian craters account for 21% of all 5,211 named craters in the Solar System. Apart from the Moon, no other body has as many named craters as Mars. Other, non-planetary bodies with numerous named craters include Callisto, Ganymede, Rhea, Vesta, Ceres, Dione, Iapetus, Enceladus, Tethys and Europa. For a full list, see List of craters in the Solar System.Largest craters
Some of the largest craters on Mars remain unnamed. Diameters differ depending on source data.| Crater | Coordinates | Diameter | Elliptical major axis | Elliptical minor axis | Rank by approx. area | Approval date | Named after | Refs |
| Huygens | 467.25 | 484.89 | 450.54 | 1 | 1973 | Christiaan Huygens | ||
| Schiaparelli | 458.52 | 462.51 | 430.4 | 2 | 1973 | Giovanni Schiaparelli | ||
| Unnamed | 376.35 | 452.74 | 384.9 | 3 | – | – | — | |
| Greeley | 457.45 | 438.81 | 395.71 | 4 | 2015 | Ronald Greeley | ||
| Cassini | 408.23 | 411.45 | 402.42 | 5 | 1973 | Giovanni Cassini | ||
| Antoniadi | 400.95 | 417.04 | 389.68 | 6 | 1973 | Eugène Michael Antoniadi | ||
| Dollfus | 363.08 | 367.94 | 346.98 | 7 | 2013 | Audouin Dollfus | ||
| Unnamed | 341.1 | 391.76 | 325.82 | 8 | – | – | — | |
| Tikhonravov | 343.7 | 356.28 | 331.85 | 9 | 1985 | Mikhail Tikhonravov | ||
| Unnamed | 340.12 | 351.4 | 330.13 | 10 | – | – | — | |
| Unnamed | 325.8 | 347 | 308.58 | 11 | – | – | — | |
| Newton | 299.94 | 318.37 | 307.37 | 12 | 1973 | Isaac Newton | ||
| Unnamed | 301.99 | 319.91 | 297.06 | 13 | – | – | — | |
| Unnamed | 300.36 | 323.73 | 291.72 | 14 | – | – | — | |
| de Vaucouleurs | 302.27 | 316.11 | 297.19 | 15 | 2000 | Gérard de Vaucouleurs | ||
| Copernicus | 301.83 | 320.69 | 284.51 | 16 | 1973 | Nicolaus Copernicus | ||
| Unnamed | 326.77 | 343.52 | 260.75 | 17 | – | – | — | |
| Herschel | 297.92 | 301.56 | 294.41 | 18 | 1973 | John Herschel and William Herschel | ||
| Schroeter | 291.59 | 298.12 | 285.7 | 19 | 1973 | Johann Hieronymus Schröter | ||
| Koval'sky | 296.67 | 288.89 | 281.38 | 20 | 1985 | Marian Albertovich Kowalski |