Kiev Military District
The Kiev Military District was a military district of the Imperial Russian Army and subsequently of the Red Army and Soviet Armed Forces. It was first formed in 1862, and was headquartered in Kiev for most of its existence.
Imperial Russian Army Formation
The Kiev Military District was a Military District, a territorial division type utilised to provide more efficient management of army units, their training and other operations activities related to combat readiness. The district originally covered the Kiev Governorate, Podolie Governorate, and Volhynia Governorate.Assigned formations included the 10th Army.
In 1888 the Kharkov Military District was merged into the Kiev Military District.
With the start of World War I the district was transformed into the 3rd Army\. In April 1917 Poltava and Kursk governorates were transferred under the administration of the Moscow Military District.
After the October Revolution in Petrograd the district came under jurisdiction of the Ukrainian People's Republic and existed until the advance of the Petrograd-Moscow Red Guards forces of the Antonov's Task Force that was charged to fight counter-revolution in the Southern Russia.
The district was not reinstated during brief Bolshevik period in 1918 nor after the establishment of the Ukrainian State.
Commanders (Russian Empire)
- Lieutenant General Prince Illarion Vasilchikov
- Lieutenant General Count Adam Rzhevusky
- Colonel General Nicholas Annenkov
- Colonel General :ru:Безак, Александр Павлович|Aleksandr Bezak
- Lieutenant General :ru:Козлянинов, Николай Фёдорович|Nikolai Kozlyaninov
- Lieutenant General Prince :ru:Дондуков-Корсаков, Александр Михайлович|Aleksandr Dondukov-Korsakov
- Lieutenant General :ru:Чертков, Михаил Иванович|Mikhail Chertkov
- Lieutenant General :ru:Чертков, Михаил Иванович|Mikhail Chertkov
- Colonel General Alexander Drenteln
- Colonel General Fyodor Radetsky
- Colonel General Mikhail Dragomirov
- Lieutenant General Nikolai Kleigels
- Lieutenant General Vladimir Sukhomlinov
- Colonel General Nikolay Ivanov
- Lieutenant General Nikolai Khodorovich
Commanders (after Revolution)
- Colonel :ru:Оберучев, Константин Михайлович|Konstantin Oberuchev
- Major General :ru:Оберучев, Константин Михайлович|Konstantin Oberuchev
- Lieutenant General Mikhail Kvetsinsky
Major conflicts
- January Uprising
- Revolution of 1905
- World War I
First Ukrainian Army Formation
Commanders
- Lieutenant Colonel Viktor Pavlenko
- Captain :uk:Шинкар Микола Ларіонович|Mykola Shynkar
Major conflicts
- Bolshevik insurgency
- Ukrainian - Soviet War
First Red Army Formation
Kiev Military Region (Oblast)
The Kiev Military Region was formed by the Denikin's forces on August 31, 1919, but already on December 14, 1919, its forces were retrieved and merged with the Forces of Novorossiysk Region. Commander of the military district was Abram Dragomirov.Soviet Armed Forces of Ukraine and Crimea Formation
The District was formed again in January 1920.In the early 1920s, the District included the following divisions:
- 3rd Crimea Rifle Division
- 7th Chernigov Rifle Division
- 15th Sivashsk Division
- 24th Samaro-Simbirsk Iron Rifle Division
- 25th Chapaev Rifle Division
- 30th Irkutsk Rifle Division
- 44th Kiev Mountain Rifle Division
- 45th Volhynia Rifle Division
- 51st Perekop Rifle Division
Ukrainian Military District
The 6th Rifle Corps was formed on the orders of the Commander of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and Crimea number 627/162 from May 23, 1922, in Kiev, part of Kiev and Kharkov Military District.
Commanders
- Mikhail Frunze - 1922 - 1924
- Alexander Yegorov - 1924 - 1925
- Iona Yakir - 1925 - 1935
Second Red Army Formation
13th Rifle Corps was reformed in the district by a District order of December 1936, and its headquarters was established at Belaya Tserkov.
On July 26, 1939, the district was renamed into the Kiev Special Military District.
On February 20, 1941, the district formed the 22nd Mechanized Corps in the 5th Army, the 16th Mechanized Corps in the 12th Army, and the 9th mechanized Corps, the 24th mechanized Corps, the 15th mechanized Corps, and the 19th Mechanized Corps in the reserve of the district.,
When the German Operation Barbarossa began on 22 June 1941, on the base of the Kiev Special Military District was created the Soviet Southwestern Front that on September 10, 1941, completely integrated the district.
Commanders
- Komandarm 1st rank Iona Yakir - 1935 - 1937
- Komandarm 1st rank Ivan Fedko - 1937 - 1938
- Komandarm 2nd rank Semyon Timoshenko - 1938 - 1940
- General of the Army Georgy Zhukov - 1940 - 1941
- Colonel General Mikhail Kirponos - 1941
- Lieutenant General Vsevolod Yakovlev - 1941
Soviet Army Formation
Units stationed in the District were 1st Guards Army and 6th Guards Tank Army. 69th Air Army was active from the early 1950s to at least 1964 in the district. In 1959 the 17th Air Army was relocated to the District from Mongolia to provide air support. The 60th Corps of the 8th Air Defense Army provided air defense for the District.
The 43rd Rocket Army of the Strategic Rocket Forces was formed at Vinnitsa within the District's boundaries in 1960. It comprised the 19th Rocket Division, 37th Guards Rocket Division, 43rd Rocket Division, 44th Rocket Division, and the 46th Rocket Division. The 43rd Rocket Army's last commander was Colonel-General Vladimir Alekseevich Mikhtyuk, who served from 10.1.1991 to 8.5.1996. It was finally disbanded on 8 May 1996.
Also in the district in 1988 was the 72nd Центральная артиллерийская база вооружения, at Krasnograd.
In 1991 the district included 6th Guards Tank Army at Dnipropetrovsk, 1st Guards Army at Chernihiv, 36th Motor Rifle Division, 48th Motor Rifle Division and the 48th Guards Tank Training Division, the 9th independent Special Forces Brigade GRU the 17th Air Army, and the 60th Air Defence Corps of the 8th Air Defence Army. Among the district's air force units were the Chernigov Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots at Chernigov.
Also located within the district's boundaries but responsible to HQ South-Western Strategic Direction was the 23rd independent Landing-Assault Brigade, at Kremenchug, Poltava Oblast.
In 1991, Colonel General Viktor S. Chechevatov was dismissed as District commander for refusing to take an oath of loyalty to Ukraine.
The District was disbanded after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, by 1 November 1992, and its structure utilized as the basis for the new Ukrainian Ministry of Defense and General Staff.
Commanders
- Lieutenant General Viktor Kosyakin - 1943 - 1944
- Lieutenant General Vasyl Herasymenko - 1944 - 1945
- Colonel General Andrei Grechko - 9 July 1945 - 25 May 1953
- Marshal of the Soviet Union Vasily Chuikov - 26 May 1953 - April 1960
- General of the Army Pyotr Koshevoy - April 1960 - January 1965
- General of the Army Ivan Yakubovsky - January 1965 - April 1967
- Colonel General Viktor Kulikov - April 1967 - 1969
- Colonel General Grigoriy Salmanov - April 1969 - 1975
- Colonel General Ivan Gerasimov - 1975 - 1984
- Colonel General Vladimir Osipov - 1984 - 1989
- Colonel General Boris Gromov - 1989 - December 1990
- Colonel General Viktor Chechevatov - January 1991 - 1992
Second Ukrainian Army Formation
Commanders
- Lieutenant General Valentyn Boryskin