Hokkien in the Philippines


is a Southern Min language spoken by part of the ethnic Chinese population of the Philippines. The use of Hokkien in the Philippines is influenced by Tagalog and Philippine English. Hokaglish is an oral contact language involving Philippine Hokkien, Tagalog and English.

Terminology

The term Philippine Hokkien is used when differentiating the variety of Hokkien spoken in the Philippines from those spoken in China, Taiwan and other Southeast Asian countries.
Native speakers of Philippine Hokkien refer to their language as Lan Nang Oe.
Sometimes, it is also colloquially known as Fookien or Fukien around the country.

Sociolinguistics

Only 12.2% of all ethnic Chinese in the Philippines have a variety of Chinese as their mother tongue. Nevertheless, the vast majority still retain the ability to understand and speak Hokkien as a second or third language.

Education

, the Ateneo de Manila University, under their Chinese Studies Programme, offers Hokkien 1 and Hokkien 2 as electives. Chiang Kai Shek College offers Hokkien classes in their CKS Language Center.

Linguistic features

Philippine Hokkien is largely derived from the Jinjiang dialect of Quanzhou but has possibly also absorbed influences from the Amoy dialect of Xiamen and Nan'an dialects of Quanzhou.
Although Philippine Hokkien is generally mutually comprehensible with any Hokkien variant, including Taiwanese Hokkien, the numerous English and Filipino loanwords as well as the extensive use of colloquialisms can result in confusion among Hokkien speakers from outside of the Philippines.
Some terms have been shortened into one syllable. Examples include:
Philippine Hokkien, like other Southeast Asian variants of Hokkien, has borrowed words from other languages spoken locally, specifically Tagalog and English. Examples include:
Philippine Hokkien also has some vocabulary that is unique to it compared to other varieties of Hokkien: