Groote Kerk, Cape Town
The Groote Kerk is a Dutch Reformed church in Cape Town, South Africa. The church is South Africa's oldest place of Christian worship, built by Herman Schuette in 1841. The first church on this land was built in 1678. Willem Adriaan van der Stel laid the cornerstone for the church. It was replaced by the present building in 1841, but the original tower was retained. The pulpit is the work of Anton Anreith and the carpenter Jacob Graaff, and was inaugurated on 29 November 1789. The Groote Kerk lays claim to housing South Africa's largest organ, which was installed in 1954 and has 5917 pipes.
Background
At first the colonists, landing beginning in 1652 at the Cape of Good Hope, relied on a lay preacher named Willem Wylant. He regularly preached in the Fort, taught children, and evangelized to natives. The first communion was held on May 12, 1652, by a visiting pastor, the Rev. Johannes Backerus, while the first baptism was held on August 24, 1653. Other sieketroosters who served the community were Pieter van der Stael, Ernestus Back, and Jan Joris Graaf.Early pastors
The small congregation longed for its own preacher, until the Lords Seventeen of the Dutch East India Company in Amsterdam decided to send the first full-time pastor to the Cape. He was Joan van Arckel, who landed at Table Bay on August 18, 1665. During his tenure, he used a wooden church that was supplied in December of that same year with a stone gable and floor. In 1672, services began to be held in "De Kat", a section of the Castle of Good Hope, since the foundations of the first church building would not be laid until 1678. On January 6, 1704, the first stone church opened with a service by the Rev. Petrus Kalden. Construction cost £2,200.The first Afrikaner pastor of the congregation was the Rev. Petrus van der Spuy. During the tenure of the Rev. Johannes Petrus Serrurier, the 1704 church was slated for expansion. This was completed at a cost of 4,000 and opened in 1781. The current pulpit, made from the best Indian wood at the cost of £708 by the sculptor Anton Anreith, was unveiled in November 1789. Later, the building was damaged, and the current Groote Kerk was opened in 1841.
One of the most famous pastors in the congregation's history was the Rev. Abraham Faure, who served the congregation from 1822 to 1867. He showed particular interest in education, and his efforts were instrumental to founding the first local Sunday school in 1844.
Another famous 19th-century pastor was Dr. William Robertson, who came here from Swellendam.
Large church, small congregation
Some of the neighborhoods got their own ministers and therefore separate congregations: Three Anchor Bay Reformed Church, Observatory Reformed Church, Woodstock Reformed Church, and Maitland Reformed Church, while the Table Mountain Reformed Church was spun off from the Tamboerskloof Reformed Church. As Afrikaners have left the area, the daughter congregations have tended to decline in number. Woodstock latter dissolved, and in 2007, Three Anchor Bay, Observatory, Maitland, and Tamboerskloof had only 659 members among all four congregations combined, down to 646 in 2008, compared to 1,816 for them plus Woodstock in 1985.In 1952, celebrated as the congregation's tricentennial, there were more than 2,000 members served by three pastors in the mother church. In 1979, there were still 1,971 adult members, but by 1995 that number had shrunk to 1,403, and by 2009 it reached a mere 810. At the end of 2014 it had declined to 585.
List of ministers
- Joan van Arckel, 1665 - January 12, 1666
- Johannes de Vooght, February 26 to November 23, 1666
- Petrus Wachtendorp, November 1666 - December 15, 1667
- Adriaan de Vooght, 1667 - 1674
- Rudolpus Meerlandt, 1674 - 1675
- Petrus Hulsenaar, 1675 - 1677
- Johan Frederick Stumphius, May 1678
- Johannes Overney, 1678 - 1687
- Johannes van Andel, 1687 - 1689
- Leonardus Terwoldt, 1689 - 1695
- Engelbertus Franciscus le Boucq, 1707 - 1708
- Johannes Godefridus D'Ailly, 1708 - 1726
- Lambertus Slicher, 1723 - 1725
- Hendrik Beck, 1726 - 1731
- Franciscus le Seuer, 1729 - 1746
- Henricus Cock, 1732 - 1743
- Ruardus van Cloppenburgh, 1746 - 1748
- Petrus van der Spuy, 1746 - 1752
- Henricus Kronenburg, 1752 - 1779
- Gerhardus Croeser, 1754 - 1755
- Christiaan Benjamin Voltelen, 1755 - 1758
- Johannes Frederik Bode, 1758 - 1760
- Johannes Petrus Serrurier, 1760 - 1802
- Christiaan Fleck, 1781 - 1822
- Meent Borcherds, 1785 - 1786
- Helperus Ritzema van Lier, 1786 - 1793
- Abraham Kuys, 1794 - 1799
- Johan Heinrich von Manger, 1802 - 1839
- Johannes Christoffel Berrange, 1817 - 1827
- Dr. Abraham Faure, 1822 - 1867
- Johannes Spijker, 1834 - 1864
- Stephanus Petrus Heyns, 1839 - September 17, 1873
- Dr. Andrew Murray, 1864 - 1871
- Georg Stegmann jr., 1867 - 1880
- Dr., 1872 - 1879
- Gilles van de Wall, 1874 - 1875
- Anton Daniël Lückhoff, 1875 - 1886
- Dr. Johannes Jacobus Kotzé, 1880 - 1899
- Abraham Isaac Steytler, 1881 - 1915
- Christoffel Frederic Jacobus Muller, 1887 - 1890
- Adriaan Moorrees, 1892 - 1895
- Charles Morgan, 1893 - 1896
- Francis Xavier Roome, 1895 - 1937
- Zacharia Johannes de Beer, 1895 - 1923
- Louis Hugo, 1897 - 1907
- Dr. Johannes Petrus van Heerden, 1899 - 1935
- Dr. Johannes du Plessis, 1899 - 1903
- Dr. Barend Johannes Haarhoff, 1905 - 1912
- Gerrit Johannes du Plessis, 1906 - 1912
- Johannes Stephanus Hauman, 1908 - 1918
- Daniel Gerhardus Malan, 1918 - 1921
- Pieter Basson Ackermann, 1918 - 1922
- Daniel Stephanus Burger Joubert, 1921 - 1925
- Willem Ferdinand Louw, 1922 - 1929
- Dr. Abraham van der Merwe, 1926 - 1966
- Jacobus Delarey Conradie, 1936 - 1967
- Pieter du Toit, 1938 - 1943
- Theunis Christoffel Botha Stofberg, 1940 – 1944
- Johannes Gerhardus Janse van Vuuren, 1945 - 1954, December 7, 1963 - April 9, 1986
- Willem Adolf Landman, 1958 - January 29, 1979
- Petrus Andries van Zyl, 1958 - 1960
- Johannes Mattheus Delport, 1960 - 1963
- Jacobus van der Westhuizen, 1968 - 1997
- Erasmus Adriaan van Niekerk, 1972 - 1975
- Abraham Johannes Prins, 1975 - 1981
- Petrus Johannes Botes, April 26, 1981 - 2009
- Gideon de Wit, 2003 - present
- Johan Taute van Rooyen, 2011 - 2018
- Riaan de Villiers, 2014 - present