The family descended from the Bruces of Clackmannan, whose ancestor was Thomas de Bruys. According to Sir James Balfour Paul, there is no evidence that this branch of the family was descended from Robert the Bruce, despite claims that Thomas was an illegitimate son of the king. However, King Robert's son David II made a grant of land in 1359 to Robert Bruce referring to him as dilecto consanguineo suo. It was generally accepted that Clackmannan branch descended from John de Brus who was a younger son of Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale. The first earl was succeeded by his son, Robert, who also was created Earl of Ailesbury in the Peerage of England. The two Earldoms continued united until the death of the fourth Earl of Elgin, when the Ailesbury and Baron Bruce titles became extinct, and the Elgin title passed to the Earl of Kincardine; the Lordship of Kinloss became dormant. Thereafter, the Earldoms of Elgin and Kincardine have remained united. The most famous Earl was the 7th Earl, who removed and transported to Britain the so-called Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon. In Dublin there are roads that come from the Earl's titles. These are Elgin Road and Ailesbury Road. As well as the titles Earl of Elgin and Earl of Kincardine, Lord Elgin also holds the titles Lord Bruce of Kinloss, Lord Bruce of Torry and Baron Elgin, of Elgin in Scotland. The first two are in the Peerage of Scotland; the third is in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. The Lordship of Kinloss held by the first four Earls was inherited on the death of the 4th Earl by the 3rd Duke of Chandos. Through his daughter it passed to the Dukes of Buckingham and Chandos, and is now held by these Dukes' heir of line. The family seat is Broomhall House, three miles south-west of Dunfermline, Scotland.
*second son, Edward, created Lord Bruce of Kinloss in 1608
Lords Bruce of Kinloss (1608)
Edward Bruce, 1st Lord Bruce of Kinloss
Edward Bruce, 2nd Lord Bruce of Kinloss
Thomas Bruce, 3rd Lord Bruce of Kinloss, 1st Baron Bruce
Earls of Elgin (1633)
Thomas Bruce, 1st Earl of Elgin, 1st Baron Bruce of Whorlton
Robert Bruce, 2nd Earl of Elgin, 1st Earl of Ailesbury, 2nd Baron Bruce of Whorlton
*Hon. Robert Bruce
*Hon. Edward Bruce
Thomas Bruce, 3rd Earl of Elgin, 2nd Earl of Ailesbury, 3rd Baron Bruce of Whorlton
*Robert Bruce, Lord Bruce
Charles Bruce, 4th Earl of Elgin, 3rd Earl of Ailesbury, 4th Baron Bruce of Whorlton, 1st Baron Bruce of Skelton
*Hon. Robert Bruce
Charles Bruce, 5th Earl of Elgin and 9th Earl of Kincardine
William Robert Bruce, 6th Earl of Elgin and 10th Earl of Kincardine
Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, 11th Earl of Kincardine - of the eponymous Elgin Marbles
*George Charles Constantine Bruce, Lord Bruce
James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin, 12th Earl of Kincardine
Victor Alexander Bruce, 9th Earl of Elgin, 13th Earl of Kincardine
Edward James Bruce, 10th Earl of Elgin, 14th Earl of Kincardine
Andrew Douglas Alexander Thomas Bruce, 11th Earl of Elgin, 15th Earl of Kincardine
The heir apparent is the present holder's son Charles Edward Bruce, Lord Bruce. The heir apparent in line is his son James Andrew Charles Robert Bruce, Master of Bruce.