Demographics of Manitoba
Manitoba is one of Canada's 10 provinces. It is the easternmost of the three Prairie provinces.
Manitoba's capital and largest city is Winnipeg. Other important cities and towns include Brandon, Thompson, Dauphin, Swan River, Churchill, The Pas, Selkirk, Portage la Prairie, Gimli, Flin Flon, Steinbach, Morden, Virden, Minnedosa, Emerson, Lockport, Neepawa, and Winkler.
Over one million people live in Manitoba's southern regions, in a small string of cities and towns about the size of Ontario's Golden Horseshoe.
Principal Urban Areas
Winnipeg
More than half of Manitoba's 1,148,801 population live in the urban area surrounding the city of Winnipeg. The urban area covers 448.92 square kilometres and had a 2006 census population of 641,483. The City of Winnipeg itself had a 2011 census population of 636,617.Manitoba Census Division No. 11, which includes both the City of Winnipeg and the Rural Municipality of Headingley, had a 2011 population of 666,832. The Rural Municipality of Headingley had a 2011 census population of 3,215 but is not counted as part of the Urban Area by Census Canada.
The Winnipeg Census Metropolitan Area includes all of Census Division No. 11 as well as parts of Divisions 02, 10, 12, 13, and 14, and had a 2006 population of 694,668. The Winnipeg Capital Region comprises the CMA and additional portions of Census Divisions 10, 13, and 14.
Census Division No. 13 includes the Regional Municipality of East St. Paul and the Regional Municipality of West St. Paul. The Regional Municipality of St. Clements and the Indian Reservation of Brokenhead 4 are also part of the CMA. The Regional Municipality of St. Andrews along with the City of Selkirk are to some degree a distinct Urban Area and while they are part of the Winnipeg Capital Region they are not part of the CMA. The Village of Dunnottar is also not part of the CMA.
Census Division No. 02 includes the Regional Municipality of Taché which had a population of 9,083 including the unincorporated Urban Area of Lorette, and also includes the Regional Municipality of Ritchot which had a population of 5,051 including the unincorporated Urban Area of St. Adolphe. These Regional Municipalities are both part of the CMA and of the Region. The Regional Municipality of Hanover and the City of Steinbach are to some degree a distinct Urban Area. The Town of Niverville is wedged in between the Regional Municipalities of Hanover and Taché.
Census Division No. 02 also includes several other subdivisions.
Census Division No. 12 includes the Rural Municipality of Springfield which had a population of 12,990 including the unincorporated Urban Area of Oakbank, and which is part of the CMA and the Region. The only other subdivisions of Census Division No. 12 are the City of Beasejour and the Rural Municipality of Brokenhead both of which are not part of the CMA or the Region.
Census Division No. 10 includes the Regional Municipalities of Macdonald and St. François Xavier.both of which are part of the CMA and the Region. The only other subdivision of Census Division No. 10 is the Regional Municipality of Cartier which is part of the Region but not of the CMA.
Census Division No. 14 includes the Regional Municipality of Rosser which is part of the CMA. The Regional Municipality of Rockwood with a population of 7,692 including the unincorporated Urban Area of Stony Mountain, is part of the Region but not part of the CMA. The Town of Stonewall is a distinct Urban Area. Stonewall and the Town of Teulon, are completely surrounded by Rockwood. The only other subdivision of Census Division No. 10 is the Regional Municipality of Woodlands which is not part of the CMA or of the Region.
Brandon
The City of Brandon had a 2011 census population of 46,061 which was the same as the population of the Urban Area. The Brandon Census Agglomeration had a 2006 census population of 48,256 including the Rural Municipality of Cornwallis, which had a population of 4,058 including the unincorporated urban area of Shilo CFB-BFC. The Rural Municipality of Whitehead and the Rural Municipality of Elton are also part of the Census Agglomeration. Brandon is located in Census Division No. 07, which had a 2011 census population of 64,317 and is part of Manitoba's Westman Region. There are several other subdivisions of Census Division No. 07Steinbach
The City of Steinbach had a 2011 census population of 13,524 which was the same as the population of the urban area. Steinbach is located in Census Division No. 02 which had a 2011 census population of 65,384 and which is part of Manitoba's Eastman Region. Also included in this Census Division is the Regional Municipality of Hanover, which surrounds the City of Steinbach on three sides, and the Regional Municipalities of Taché and Ritchot which are part of the Winnipeg CMA. The Town of Niverville, with a population of 3,540, is wedged in between the Regional Municipalities of Hanover and Taché.Portage la Prairie
The City of Portage la Prairie had a 2011 census population of 12,996. The population of the Urban Area was 12,996. The Portage la Prairie Census Agglomeration had a 2006 census population of 20,494, including the Regional Municipality of Portage la Prairie as well as several Indian Reservations. Portage la Prairie is located in Census Division No. 09 which had a 2011 census population of 23,489 and is part of Manitoba's Central Plains Region.Thompson
The City of Thompson had a 2011 census population of 12,829 which was the same as the population of the urban area. The Thompson Census Agglomeration had a 2006 census population of 13,593, including the Local Government District of Mystery Lake.Thompson is located in Census Division No. 22 which had a 2011 census population of 40,923 and is part of Manitoba's Northern Region. The next most populous subdivisions of this Census Division were the Indian Reservations of Norway House 17 and St. Theresa Point.
Winkler
The City of Winkler had a 2011 census population of 10,670 which was the same as the population of the Urban Area. Winkler is located in Census Division No. 03 which had a 2011 census population of 51,350 and is part of Manitoba's Pembina Valley Region. The City of Winkler is surrounded by the Regional Municipality of Stanley. There are many other subdivisions of this Census Division.Selkirk
The City of Selkirk had a 2011 census population of 9,834. The population of the Urban Area was 9,834. Selkirk is located in Census Division No. 13 which had a 2011 census population of 46,888 and is part of Manitoba's Interlake Region Region..Also included in this Census Division are the Regional Municipality of St. Andrews, which surrounds the City of Selkirk on three sides and which had a 2011 census population of 11,875); and the Regional Municipalities of East St. Paul, West St. Paul, and St. Clements, which are part of the Winnipeg CMA; and the Indian Reservation of Brokenhead 4; and the Village of Dunnottar.Dauphin
The City of Dauphin had a 2016 census population of 8,457 which was the same as the population for the Urban Area. Dauphin is located in Census Division No. 17 which had a 2016 census population of 22,205 and is part of Manitoba's Parkland Region. Also included in this Census Division is the Regional Municipality of Dauphin which surrounds the City of Dauphin.Other urban areas
The Town of Morden had a 2011 census population of 7,812, which was the same as the population for the urban area, and is located in Census Division No. 03. Morden is surrounded by the Regional Municipality of Stanley..The Town of The Pas had a 2011 census population of 5,513. The population of the Urban Area was 5,513 and includes part of the Opaskwayak Cree Nation 21A Indian Reserve. The Pas is located in Census Division No. 21 which had a 2011 census population of 21,393 and is part of Manitoba's Northern Region.
The City of Flin Flon had a 2011 census population of 5,363. The population of the Manitoba part of the Urban Area was also 5,363. Flin Flon is also located in Census Division No. 21.
The Town of Stonewall had a 2011 census population of 4,536 which was the same as the population for the Urban Area. Stonewall is located in Census Division No. 14 which had a 2011 census population of 18,497 and is part of Manitoba's Interlake Region. Stonewall is surrounded by the Regional Municipality of Rockwood.
The Town of Altona had a 2011 census population of 4,082. The population of the Urban Area was 4,082. Altona is located in Census Division No. 3 which had a 2011 census population of 51,350 and which is part of Manitoba's Pembina Valley Region.
The Town of Swan River had a 2011 census population of 3,907 which was the same as the population of the Urban Area. Swan River is located in Census Division No. 20 which had a 2011 census population of 9,952 and is part of Manitoba's Parkland Region. Also included in this Census Division is the Regional Municipality of Swan River.
The Town of Neepawa had a 2011 census population of 3,629 which was the same as the population of the Urban Area. Neepawa is located in Census Division No. 6 which had a 2011 census population of 21,604 and is part of Manitoba's Westman Region.
Source: Statistics CanadaSource: Statistics Canada
Population since 1871
| Year | Population | Five Year % change | Ten Year % change | Rank Among Provinces |
| 1871 | 25,228 | n/a | n/a | 8 |
| 1881 | 62,260 | n/a | 146.8 | 6 |
| 1891 | 152,506 | n/a | 145 | 5 |
| 1901 | 255,211 | n/a | 67.3 | 5 |
| 1911 | 461,394 | n/a | 80.8 | 5 |
| 1921 | 610,118 | n/a | 32.2 | 4 |
| 1931 | 700,139 | n/a | 14.8 | 5 |
| 1941 | 729,744 | n/a | 4.2 | 6 |
| 1951 | 776,541 | n/a | 6.4 | 6 |
| 1956 | 850,040 | 9.5 | n/a | 6 |
| 1961 | 921,686 | 8.4 | 18.7 | 6 |
| 1966 | 963,066 | 4.5 | 13.3 | 5 |
| 1971 | 988,245 | 2.3 | 7.2 | 5 |
| 1976 | 1,021,505 | 3.4 | 6.1 | 5 |
| 1981 | 1,026,241 | 0.4 | 3.8 | 5 |
| 1986 | 1,063,015 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 5 |
| 1991 | 1,091,942 | 2.7 | 6.4 | 5 |
| 1996 | 1,113,898 | 2.0 | 4.8 | 5 |
| 2001 | 1,119,583 | 0.5 | 2.5 | 5 |
| 2006 | 1,148,401 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 5 |
| 2011 | 1,208,268 | 5.2 | 7.9 | 5 |
| 2016 | 1,278,365 | 5.8 | 11.3 | 5 |
Source: Statistics Canada
Ethnic origin
Note: the percentages do not necessarily add up to 100% as multiple responses are allowed. Ethnic origins with less than 2% of the responses are not listed.- 22.1% English
- 19.1% German
- 18.5% Scottish
- 18.2% Canadian
- 14.7% Ukrainian
- 13.4% Irish
- 13.1% French
- 10.6% North American Indian
- 7.3% Polish
- 6.4% Métis
- 4.9% Dutch
- 4.0% Russian
- 3.4% Filipino
- 2.7% Icelandic
Future projections
Visible minorities and Aboriginals
Language
Knowledge of languages
The question on knowledge of languages allows for multiple responses. The following figures are from the 2016 Canadian Census, and lists languages that were selected by at least one per cent of respondents.| Language | Responses | % |
| English | 1,223,665 | 98.62 |
| French | 108,560 | 8.75 |
| German | 61,760 | 4.98 |
| Punjabi | 22,900 | 1.85 |
| Spanish | 20,605 | 1.66 |
| Cree | 19,435 | 1.57 |
| Ukrainian | 17,095 | 1.38 |
| Russian | 13,455 | 1.08 |
| Hindi | 12,900 | 1.04 |
| Mandarin | 12,825 | 1.03 |
Mother tongue
The 2006 census showed a population of 1,148,401. Of the 1,118,690 singular responses to the census question concerning mother tongue the languages most commonly reported were:| 2006 | % | 2001 | % | ||
| 1. | English | 838,415 | 75.0% | 823,910 | 75.8% |
| 2. | German | 67,030 | 6.0% | 63,215 | 5.8% |
| 3. | French | 43,955 | 3.9% | 44,335 | 4.1% |
| 4. | Algonquian languages | 33,995 | 3.0% | 31,705 | 2.9% |
| Cree | 19,105 | 1.7% | 18,110 | 1.7% | |
| Ojibway | 9,330 | 0.8% | 8,885 | 0.8% | |
| Oji-Cree | 5,430 | 0.5% | 4,605 | 0.4% | |
| 5. | Tagalog | 22,490 | 2.0% | 18,385 | 1.7% |
| 6. | Ukrainian | 21,950 | 2.0% | 26,540 | 2.4% |
| 7. | Chinese | 11,045 | 1.0% | 9,190 | 0.9% |
| Cantonese | 3,105 | 0.3% | 2,530 | 0.2% | |
| Mandarin | 1,470 | 0.1% | 700 | 0.1% | |
| 8. | Polish | 8,870 | 0.8% | 9,915 | 0.9% |
| 9. | Panjabi | 6,340 | 0.6% | 5,420 | <0.1% |
| 10. | Italian | 4,775 | 0.4% | 4,945 | 0.5% |
| 11. | Dutch | 3,835 | 0.3% | 3,975 | 0.4% |
| 12. | Russian | 3,450 | 0.3% | 1,730 | 0.2% |
| 13. | Serbo-Croatian languages | 2,880 | 0.3% | 3,020 | 0.3% |
| Croatian | 1,420 | 0.1% | 1,595 | 0.2% | |
| Serbian | 585 | 0.1% | 400 | <0.1% | |
| Bosnian | 565 | 0.1% | N | N | |
| Serbo-Croatian | 340 | <0.1% | 1,025 | 0.1% | |
| 14. | Vietnamese | 2,740 | 0.2% | 2,950 | 0.3% |
| 15. | Arabic | 2,125 | 0.2% | 1,285 | 0.1% |
| 16. | Scandinavian languages | 2,040 | 0.2% | 2,005 | 0.2% |
| Icelandic | 1,040 | 0.1% | 1,135 | 0.1% | |
| Danish | 535 | 0.1% | 365 | <0.1% | |
| Swedish | 310 | <0.1% | 330 | <0.1% | |
| Norwegian | 150 | <0.1% | 170 | <0.1% | |
| 17. | Korean | 1,950 | 0.2% | 870 | 0.1% |
| 18. | Hungarian | 1,800 | 0.2% | 1,840 | 0.2% |
| 19. | Persian | 1,775 | 0.2% | 685 | 0.1% |
| 20. | Greek | 1,635 | 0.2% | 1,310 | 0.1% |
| 21. | Amharic | 1,440 | 0.1% | 790 | 0.1% |
| 22. | Urdu | 1,190 | 0.1% | 545 | 0.1% |
| 23. | Hindi | 1,120 | 0.1% | 710 | 0.1% |
| 24. | Lao | 1,035 | 0.1% | 1,140 | 0.1% |
| 25. | Athapaskan languages | 900 | 0.1% | 860 | 0.1% |
| Dene | 890 | 0.1% | 845 | 0.1% | |
| 26. | Czech | 895 | 0.1% | 905 | 0.1% |
| 27. | Gujarati | 890 | 0.1% | 405 | <0.1% |
| 28= | Bantu languages | 700 | 0.1% | 410 | <0.1% |
| Swahili | 205 | <0.1% | 115 | <0.1% | |
| 28= | Japanese | 700 | 0.1% | 550 | 0.1% |
| 30. | Romanian | 655 | 0.1% | 595 | 0.1% |
| 31. | Flemish | 650 | 0.1% | 795 | 0.1% |
| 32. | Ilocano | 645 | 0.1% | N | N |
| 33= | Creole | 640 | 0.1% | 220 | <0.1% |
| 33= | Yiddish | 640 | 0.1% | 1,065 | 0.1% |
| 35. | Siouan languages | 630 | 0.1% | 730 | 0.1% |
| 36= | African languages n.i.e. | 540 | 0.1% | 230 | <0.1% |
| 36= | Somali | 540 | 0.1% | 155 | <0.1% |
| 38. | Germanic languages n.i.e. | 520 | 0.1% | 410 | <0.1% |
| 39. | Khmer | 495 | 0.1% | 350 | <0.1% |
| 40. | Slovak | 465 | <0.1% | 665 | 0.1% |
Note: "n.i.e.": not included elsewhere
There were also about 430 single-language responses for Bisayan languages; 395 for Niger–Congo languages n.i.e.; and 350 for Tigrigna; as well as about 345 for non-verbal languages ; 340 for Bengali; 330 for Finnish; 325 for Sinhala; 310 for Kurdish; 275 for Tamil; 260 for Slovenian; 230 for Latvian; 220 for Hebrew; and about 220 as well for Slavic languages n.i.e.; and 210 for Indo-Iranian languages n.i.e.; 195 for Malayo-Polynesian languages n.i.e; 180 for Oromo; 170 for Pampango; 155 for Celtic languages; 155 for Macedonian; 140 for Inuktitut; 135 for Lithuanian; 120 for Bulgarian; and about 120 as well for Malayalam. '
In addition to the single-language responses detailed above, about 34,935 people reported having more than one mother tongue. There were about 11,675 responses of English and a non-official language; 465 of French and a non-official language; 2,630 of both English and French; and 85 of English, French and a non-official language. Approximately 2,555 people reported having Tagalog as a dual mother tongue; while about 2,060 people reported having German; 1,510 people reported having Cree; 1,385 Ukrainian; 645 Ojibway; 475 Spanish; 365 Portuguese; 310 Polish; and about 280 people reported having Panjabi, as a dual mother tongue. '
Migration
Immigration
The 2006 Canadian census counted a total of 151,230 immigrants living in Manitoba, 92,535 of whom arrived before 1991.The most commonly reported countries of birth for immigrants living in Manitoba were:
| 1. | Philippines | 25,490 |
| 2. | United Kingdom | 15,225 |
| 3. | Germany | 9,045 |
| 4. | Poland | 7,355 |
| 5. | United States | 7,090 |
| 6. | India | 6,765 |
| 7. | Mexico | 6,155 |
| 8. | Portugal | 4,565 |
| 9. | Ukraine | 4,330 |
| 10. | China | 4,310 |
| 11. | Paraguay | 4,025 |
| 12. | Yugoslavia | 3,535 |
| 13. | Vietnam | 3,460 |
| 14. | Italy | 3,455 |
| 15. | Russia | 3,135 |
| 16. | Netherlands | 3,015 |
| 17. | South Korea | 1,950 |
| 18. | Trinidad and Tobago | 1,610 |
| 19. | Ethiopia | 1,555 |
| 20. | El Salvador | 1,475 |
In addition to the countries listed in the table on the left there were also about 1,465 immigrants from Guyana; and about 1,435 from Jamaica; 1,420 from Hong Kong; 1,205 from Pakistan; 1,185 from Hungary; 1,095 from South Africa; 975 from Laos; 940 from Iran; 930 from Chile; 905 from Greece; 900 from Romania; 765 from Sudan; 735 from France; 730 from Afghanistan; 720 from Argentina; 700 from Sierra Leone; 650 from Ireland ; 610 from the Czech Republic; 590 from Austria; 505 from Belize; 505 from Bolivia; 495 from Iraq; 490 from Belgium; 490 from Colombia; 470 from Kazakhstan; 460 from Denmark; 405 from Sri Lanka; 380 from Slovakia; 365 from Kenya; 360 from Brazil; 355 from Nigeria; 350 from Nicaragua; 345 from Somalia; 340 from Guatemala; 335 from Cambodia; 325 from Switzerland; 305 from Malaysia; 300 from the Democratic Republic of the Congo; 300 from Thailand; 295 from Israel; 290 from Egypt; 290 from Eritrea; 245 from Australia; and 230 from Barbados.
Internal migration
Manitoba is one of the provinces most affected by Interprovincial migration, having had a negative mobility ratio for 42 out of 46 years from 1971 to 2017. This is the second-worst record for years of negative interprovincial migration, followed only by Quebec.| In-migrants | Out-migrants | Net migration | |
| 2008–09 | 11,916 | 15,027 | −3,111 |
| 2009–10 | 11,786 | 14,198 | −2,412 |
| 2010–11 | 11,085 | 14,602 | −3,517 |
| 2011–12 | 11,443 | 15,655 | −4,212 |
| 2012–13 | 9,988 | 14,994 | −5,006 |
| 2013–14 | 9,452 | 16,303 | −6,851 |
| 2014–15 | 10,022 | 16,700 | −6,678 |
| 2015–16 | 10,994 | 15,875 | −4,881 |
| 2016–17 | 10,350 | 15,474 | −5,124 |
| 2017–18 | 9,578 | 16,726 | −7,148 |
| 2018–19 | 10,351 | 19,597 | −9,246 |
Source: Statistics Canada
Religious groups
- 43.1651% Protestant
- 29.3% Roman Catholic
- 4.0% Christian not included elsewhere
- 1.4% Christian Orthodox
- 1.1% Jewish
- 18.6% No religious affiliation