Bell UH-1N Twin Huey
The Bell UH-1N Twin Huey is a medium military helicopter. A member of the extensive Huey family, it first flew in 1969. The CUH-1N Twin Huey was the original version, first ordered by the Canadian Forces.
The UH-1N has a 15-seat configuration, with one pilot and 14 passengers. In cargo configuration, it has an internal capacity of 220 ft³. An external load up to 5,000 lb can be carried. The UH-1N was later developed into the civilian Bell 212.
Development
Based on the stretched-fuselage Bell 205, the Bell 212 was originally developed for the Canadian Forces under the designation CUH-1N Twin Huey. Later, the CF adopted a new designation system and the aircraft was redesignated CH-135 Twin Huey. The CF approved the development of the aircraft on 1 May 1968 and purchased 50 aircraft, with deliveries commencing in May 1971.The US military came very close to not procuring the Twin Huey. The purchase of the aircraft for US military use was opposed by the chairman of the House Armed Services Committee at the time, L. Mendel Rivers. Rivers took this position because the aircraft powerplant, the Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6T was produced in Canada. The Liberal Canadian government of the time had not supported US involvement in Vietnam and had opposed US policies in Southeast Asia, as well as accepting US draft dodgers. Rivers was also concerned that procurement of the engines would result in a trade deficit situation with Canada. Congress only approved the purchase when it was assured that a US source would be found for the PT6T/T400 engines. As a result, the United States military services ordered 294 Bell 212s under the designation UH-1N, with deliveries commencing in 1970.
Unlike in the CF, in US service, the UH-1N retained the official name "Iroquois" from the single–engined UH-1 variants, although US service personnel refer to the aircraft as a "Huey" or "Twin Huey".
The Bell 412 is a further development of the Bell 212, the major difference being the composite, four-blade main rotor. The UH-1N has also been developed into the upgraded, four-blade UH-1Y.
Design
The UH-1N's main rotor is powered by a PT6T-3/T400 Turbo Twin Pac made up of two Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6 power sections that drive a single output shaft. They are capable of producing up to 1,342 kW. Should one power section fail, the remaining section can deliver 671 kW for 30 minutes or 571 kW, enabling the UH-1N to maintain cruise performance at maximum weight.The United States Marine Corps modified a large number of their UH-1Ns with a stability control augmentation system, which provides servo inputs to the rotor head to help stabilize the aircraft during flight. This modification removed the gyroscopic "stabilization bar" on top of the main rotor head, instead relying on the computer system for stability.
Operational history
From late 1970, the UH-1N re-equipped the USAF 20th Special Operations Squadron in Vietnam, replacing the single-engined UH-1F and UH-1P. Armed with miniguns and rocket pods, and painted camouflage with no US markings and only a Green Hornet insignia, the UH-1N supported Special Forces reconnaissance missions from Cam Ranh Bay.The United States Air Force employs UH-1Ns to fulfill its ICBM mission, providing a utility helicopter for transport between bases such as Minot AFB, Francis E. Warren AFB and Malmstrom AFB to missile launch sites in North Dakota, Montana, Wyoming, Nebraska, and Colorado. The UH-1N is also used by the 36th Rescue Squadron at Fairchild AFB, Washington, for conducting search-and-rescue and medical evacuation missions, as well as the 459th Airlift Squadron based at Yokota Air Base in Japan.
During the 1982 Falklands War, the Argentine Air Force deployed two Bell 212s to Goose Green grass airstrip from where they performed general support duties including the recovery of many downed pilots. By the end of the hostilities, both aircraft were still intact, but were dismantled by the Argentinians.
UH-1Ns were used by the USMC during its 2003 invasion of Iraq. UH-1Ns provided reconnaissance and communications support to Marine ground troops. They were also called upon to provide close air support during heavy fighting in Nasiriyah.
In August 2013, the Air Force said they were close to finalizing a plan to sustain and modernize their UH-1Ns for the next six to 10 years. The plan was to sustain the fleet, address flight and safety mandates, investigate modest improvements in capabilities, and reduce capability gaps. While the Huey is one of the oldest platforms in the service, keeping the fleet going was seen as having "minimal risk". Fleet-wide upgrades included night vision-compatible cockpit lighting, crash-worthy seats for flight engineers, and installation of a helicopter terrain-awareness warning system and traffic collision-avoidance device. The Air Force was also in the process of further acquiring ex-Marine Corps UH-1N models. The Marines were working out a strategy to transfer as many as 26 helicopters to the Air Force to either add them to their active fleet or keep them in reserve.
The UH-1N has seen combat service in the Colombian armed conflict. On 16 October 2013, a UH-1N helicopter crashed in the northern La Guajira department. The zone of the crash is a hotbed of FARC rebel activity.
, Florida, 1982
The USMC planned to retire the UH-1N Iroquois by September 2014 after 43 years of service. Marine Light Attack Helicopter Squadron 773 was the last Marine squadron operating them, with their last deployment occurring in 2013, when two helicopters sailed on a Royal Netherlands Navy ship for an African Partnership Station deployment. Deliveries began to the Navy and Marine Corps in 1971, totaling 205 UH-1Ns and six VH-1N executive transports for Marine Helicopter Squadron One. The UH-1N was replaced by the upgraded UH-1Y Venom; 10 are remanufactured N-model airframes, after which the Marines decided to procure newly built Y-model airframes. Five unarmed HH-1N versions remained in use by the Marines until they were also replaced by UH-1Ys and retired in 2015, the only HH-1Ns remaining from 44 that were converted from 38 UH-1Ns and the six VH-1Ns. The last combat deployment of the UH-1N by the Marines was to Afghanistan in 2010. The Marines retired the UH-1N during a "sundown ceremony" at Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base New Orleans on 28 August 2014.
In March 2013, the U.S. Air Force operated 62 UH-1N Hueys with 25 providing security at ICBM sites, 19 stationed at Joint Base Andrews to evacuate Washington-based government officials in emergencies, and 18 used for testing and training. Since most were purchased in 1969, the Air Force had sought a replacement. The first requirements were issued in 2007, but the process was repeatedly delayed.
On 24 September 2018, the Air Force declared a Boeing/Leonardo submission of their MH-139 version of the AgustaWestland AW139 the winner, beating out the Sikorsky/Lockheed Martin HH-60U version of the UH-60 Black Hawk and the Sierra Nevada Corporation upgraded UH-60L called the Force Hawk. Boeing was awarded an initial $375 million contract for four aircraft, with 84 helicopters planned at a total $2.38 billion program cost. The first operational aircraft is planned for delivery in 2021.
Variants
Canadian variants
;CUH-1N Twin Huey;CH-135 Twin Huey
U.S. variants
;UH-1N Iroquois;VH-1N
;HH-1N
;UH-1Y Venom
Italian-built variants
;Agusta-Bell AB 212;Agusta-Bell AB 212EW
;Agusta-Bell AB 212ASW
Operators
- National Air Force of Angola
- Argentine Air Force
- * 7th Air Brigade - 1st Search and Rescue Squadron
- Austrian Air Force
- Royal Bahraini Air Force>
- Bangladesh Air Force
- Colombian Air Force
- Colombian Army
- Colombian Navy
;
- Lebanese Air Force 7 aircraft
- Italian Air Force operates 36 aircraft
- Italian Navy
- Mexican Air Force
- Royal Moroccan Air Force
- National Aeronaval Service
- Peruvian Air Force
- Peruvian Navy
- Philippine Air Force
- Royal Saudi Air Force
- Spanish Army
- Spanish Navy
- Sri Lanka Air Force
- Sudan Air Force
- Royal Thai Army
- Royal Thai Navy
- Tunisian Air Force
- Turkish Navy
- Army Air Corps
- United States Air Force
- Uruguayan Air Force
- Venezuelan Navy
- Yemeni Air Force
Former operators
- Royal Brunei Air Force
- Canadian Forces
- *403 Helicopter Operational Training Squadron
- *408 Tactical Helicopter Squadron
- *422 Tactical Helicopter Squadron
- *424 Transport & Rescue Squadron
- *427 Tactical Helicopter Squadron
- *430 Tactical Helicopter Squadron
- *444 Combat Support Squadron
- *VU 32 - Navy Utility Squadron
- *Aerospace Engineering Test Establishment
- *Base Flight Cold Lake
- *Base Rescue Goose Bay
- Israeli Air Force
- Jamaica Defence Force
- Republic of Singapore Air Force
- United States Marine Corps
- United States Navy
Aircraft on display
- Battleship Memorial Park, Mobile, Alabama, U.S.
- CH-135 135114 - Canada Aviation and Space Museum, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- CH-135 135102 - National Air Force Museum of Canada
- UH-1N 159198 – Flying Leatherneck Aviation Museum at MCAS Miramar, San Diego, California.
Specifications (USMC UH-1N, as modified)