Arsène Lupin
Arsène Lupin is a fictional gentleman thief and master of disguise created in 1905 by French writer Maurice Leblanc. He was originally called Arsène Lopin, until a local politician of the same name protested. The character was first introduced in a series of short stories serialized in the magazine Je sais tout. The first story, "The Arrest of Arsène Lupin", was published on 15 July 1905.
Lupin was featured in 17 novels and 39 novellas by Leblanc, with the novellas or short stories collected into book form for a total of 24 books. The number becomes 25 if the 1923 novel The Secret Tomb is counted: Lupin doesn't appear in it, but the main character Dorothée solves one of Arsène Lupin's four fabulous secrets.
The character has also appeared in a number of books from other writers as well as numerous film, television, stage play, and comic book adaptations. Five authorized sequels were written in the 1970s by the celebrated mystery writing team of Boileau-Narcejac.
Origins
Arsène Lupin is a literary descendant of Pierre Alexis Ponson du Terrail's Rocambole, whose adventures were published from 1857 to 1870. Like him, he is often a force for good, while operating on the wrong side of the law. Those whom Lupin defeats, always with his characteristic Gallic style and panache, are worse villains than he is. Lupin shares distinct similarities with E. W. Hornung's archetypal gentleman thief A. J. Raffles, whose stories were published from 1898 to 1909. Both Raffles and Lupin can be said to anticipate and have inspired later characters such as Louis Joseph Vance's The Lone Wolf and Leslie Charteris's The Saint.The character of Arsène Lupin might also have been based by Leblanc on French anarchist Marius Jacob, whose trial made headlines in March 1905, but Leblanc had also read Octave Mirbeau's Les 21 jours d'un neurasthénique, which features a gentleman thief named Arthur Lebeau, and had seen Mirbeau's comedy Scrupules, whose main character is a gentleman thief.
Fantasy elements
Several Arsène Lupin novels contain some fantasy elements: a radioactive 'god-stone' that cures people and causes mutations is the object of an epic battle in L’Île aux trente cercueils; the secret of the Fountain of Youth, a mineral water source hidden beneath a lake in the Auvergne, is the goal sought by the protagonists in La Demoiselle aux yeux verts; finally, in La Comtesse de Cagliostro, Lupin's arch-enemy and lover is none other than Joséphine Balsamo, the alleged granddaughter of Cagliostro himself.Arsène Lupin and Sherlock Holmes
Leblanc introduced Sherlock Holmes to Lupin in the short story "Sherlock Holmes Arrives Too Late" in Je sais tout No. 17, 15 June 1906. In it, an aged Holmes meets a young Lupin for the first time. After legal objections from Doyle, the name was changed to "Herlock Sholmes" when the story was collected in book form in Volume 1.Sholmes returned in two more stories collected in Volume 2, "Arsène Lupin contre Herlock Sholmes", and then in a guest-starring role in the battle for the secret of the Hollow Needle in L'Aiguille creuse. Arsène Lupin contre Herlock Sholmes was published in the United States in 1910 under the title "The Blonde Lady" which used the name "Holmlock Shears" for Sherlock Holmes, and "Wilson" for Watson.
In 813, Lupin manages to solve a riddle that Herlock Sholmes was unable to figure out.
Sherlock Holmes, this time with his real name and accompanied by familiar characters such as Watson and Lestrade, also confronted Arsène Lupin in the 2008 PC 3D adventure game Sherlock Holmes Versus Arsène Lupin. In this game Holmes are attempting to stop Lupin from stealing five valuable British items. Lupin wants to steal the items in order to humiliate Britain, but he also admires Holmes and thus challenges him to try to stop him.
In a novella "The Prisoner of the Tower, or A Short But Beautiful Journey of Three Wise Men" by Boris Akunin published in 2008 in Russia as the conclusion of "Jade Rosary Beads" book, Sherlock Holmes and Erast Fandorin oppose Arsène Lupin on December 31, 1899.
Plays written by Leblanc
- :fr:Arsène Lupin |Arsène Lupin Originally a 4-part play written by Maurice Leblanc and Francis de Croisset, it was subsequently novelized by Edgar Jepson and published in 1909 by Doubleday as "Arsène Lupin: By Edgar Jepson"
- :fr:Une aventure d'Arsène Lupin|An Adventure of Arsène Lupin
- :fr:Le Retour d'Arsène Lupin |The Return of Arsène Lupin Written by Maurice Leblanc and Francis de Croisset.
- This Woman is Mine
- A Quarter-hour with Arsène Lupin
Stories by other writers
- "The Adventure of Mona Lisa" by Carolyn Wells in The Century, a short parody featuring an "International Society of Infallible Detectives" with Sherlock Holmes as the president and Arsène Lupin, The Thinking Machine, Monsieur Lecoq, A. J. Raffles, C. Auguste Dupin and Luther Trant as the other members.
- Sure Way to Catch Every Criminal. Ha! Ha! by Carolyn Wells in The Century
- The Adventure of the Clothes-Line by Carolyn Wells in The Century
- The Silver Hair Crime by Nick Carter in New Magnet Library No. 1282
- Ōgon-kamen by Edogawa Rampo
- La Clé est sous le paillasson by Marcel Aymé
- Gaspard Zemba who appears in The Shadow Magazine by Walter B. Gibson
- Arsène Lupin vs. Colonel Linnaus by Anthony Boucher in Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine Vo. 5, No. 19
- L’Affaire Oliveira by Thomas Narcejac in Confidences dans ma nuit
- Le Gentleman en Noir by Claude Ferny
- International Investigators, Inc. by Edward G. Ashton in Ellery Queen’s Mystery Magazine
- Le Secret des rois de France ou La Véritable identité d’Arsène Lupin by Valère Catogan
- In Compartment 813 by Arthur Porges in Ellery Queen’s Mystery Magazine
- Le Secret d’Eunerville by the writing duo Boileau-Narcejac
- La Poudrière by the writing duo Boileau-Narcejac
- Le Second visage d’Arsène Lupin by the writing duo Boileau-Narcejac
- La Justice d’Arsène Lupin by the writing duo Boileau-Narcejac
- Le Serment d’Arsène Lupin by the writing duo Boileau-Narcejac
- Arsène Lupin, gentleman de la nuit by Jean-Claude Lamy
- Various stories in the Tales of the Shadowmen anthology series, ed. by Jean-Marc Lofficier and Randy Lofficier, Black Coat Press
- Případ Grendwal, a play by Pavel Dostál, Czech playwright and Minister of Culture
- Arsène Lupin et le mystère d'Arsonval by Michel Zink
- Qui fait peur à Virginia Woolf ? by Gabriel Thoveron
- Crimes parfaits by Christian Poslaniec
- La Dent de Jane by Daniel Salmon
- Les Lupins de Vincent by Caroline Cayol et Didier Cayol
- Code Lupin by Michel Bussi
- The Prisoner of the Tower, or A Short But Beautiful Journey of Three Wise Men by Boris Akunin in a selection of stories The Jade Beads . Arsène Lupin appears in this novella with Sherlock Holmes, Dr. Watson, and Akunin's own characters Erast Fandorin and Masa, the Japanese. The story is dedicated to Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Maurice Leblanc.
- L'Église creuse by Patrick Genevaux
- The Many Faces of Arsène Lupin collection of short stories edited by Jean-Marc Lofficier & Randy Lofficier
- Sherlock, Lupin et Moi, a children's book series written by Italian author :it:Alessandro Gatti|Alessandro Gatti, where Irene Adler tells the adventures that she, Sherlock Holmes and Arsène Lupin had when they were kids. The books are written under the pseudonym Irene Adler. Five books have been published so far : Le Mystère de la Dame en Noir, Dernier Acte à l'Opéra, L'Énigme de la Rose Écarlate, La Cathédrale de la Peur, and LeChâteau de Glace.
In other media
Films
- The Gentleman Burglar with William Ranows.
- Arsène Lupin contra Sherlock Holmes with Paul Otto.
- Arsène Lupin with Georges Tréville.
- The Gentleman Burglar with William Stowell.
- Arsène Lupin with Gerald Ames.
- Arsène Lupin with Earle Williams.
- The Teeth of the Tiger with David Powell.
- 813 with Wedgwood Nowell and Wallace Beery.
- Les Dernières aventures d'Arsène Lupin.
- 813 - Rupimono with Minami Mitsuaki.
- Arsène Lupin with John Barrymore.
- Arsene Lupin, Detective with Jules Berry.
- Arsène Lupin Returns with Melvyn Douglas.
- Enter Arsène Lupin with Charles Korvin.
- Arsenio Lupin with R. Pereda.
- Nanatsu-no Houseki with Keiji Sada.
- Tora no-Kiba with Ken Uehara.
- Kao-no Nai Otoko with Eiji Okada.
- The Adventures of Arsène Lupin with Robert Lamoureux.
- Signé Arsène Lupin with Robert Lamoureux.
- with Jean-Pierre Cassel and Jean-Claude Brialy.
- Arsène Lupin with Romain Duris.
- Lupin no Kiganjo with Kōichi Yamadera.
Television
- Arsène Lupin, 26 60-minute episodes with Georges Descrières
- L'Île aux trente cercueils, six 60-minute episodes The character of Lupin, who only appears at the end of the novel, was removed entirely.
- Arsène Lupin joue et perd, six 52-minute episodes loosely based on 813 with Jean-Claude Brialy.
- Le Retour d'Arsène Lupin, twelve 90-minute episodes and Les Nouveaux Exploits d'Arsène Lupin, eight 90-minute episodes with François Dunoyer.
- Les Exploits d'Arsène Lupin, 26 episodes for 24 min., produced by Cinar & France-Animation, with Luis de Cespedes.
- Lupin, Philippine series with Richard Gutierrez.
- The 2014 movie Kamen Rider × Kamen Rider Drive & Gaim: Movie War Full Throttle features a character based on Lupin named Kamen Rider Lupin.
- , anime television series based on the video game, produced by the studio M.S.C, with Tomoaki Maeno and J. Michael Tatum.
- The 2018 42nd Season Super Sentai series Kaitou Sentai Lupinranger VS Keisatsu Sentai Patranger features two teams, one of which is the Lupinrangers. Consisting of three members, they are recruited by Kogure, Arsène's butler, and executor of Arsène Lupin's will, to retrieve the Lupin Collection, Arsène's personal collection of the most dangerous artifacts he ever stole, with the understanding that if they collect them all, they will be granted a single wish, to retrieve the people they care most about from the clutches of the Gangler,
- The 2019 Girls X Heroine Series Secret × Heroine Phantomirage! features trump cards and phantom thief which is the Phantomirage.
Stage
- Arsène Lupin by Francis de Croisset and Maurice Leblanc. Four-act play first performed on October 28, 1908, at the Athenée in Paris.
- Arsène Lupin contre Herlock Sholmès by Victor Darlay & Henry de Gorsse. Four-act play first performed on October 10, 1910, at the Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris.
- Le Retour d'Arsène Lupin by Francis de Croisset and Maurice Leblanc. One-act play first performed on September 16, 1911, at the Théâtre de la Cigale in Paris.
- Arsène Lupin, Banquier by Yves Mirande & Albert Willemetz, libretto by Marcel Lattès. Three-act operetta, first performed on May 7, 1930, at the Théâtre des Bouffes Parisiennes in Paris.
- A/L The Youth of Phantom Thief Lupin by Yoshimasa Saitou. Takarazuka Revue performance, 2007, starring Yūga Yamato and Hana Hizuki.
- Rupan -ARSÈNE LUPIN- by Haruhiko Masatsuka. Takarazuka Revue performance, 2013, starring Masaki Ryū and Reika Manaki
Comics
- Arsène Lupin, written by Georges Cheylard, art by Bourdin. Daily strip published in France-Soir in 1948-49.
- Arsène Lupin, written & drawn by Jacques Blondeau. 575 daily strips published in Le Parisien Libéré from 1956-58.
- Arsène Lupin contre Herlock Sholmès: La Dame blonde, written by Joëlle Gilles, art by Gilles & B. Cado, published by the authors, 1983.
- Arsène Lupin, written by André-Paul Duchateau, artist Géron, published by C. Lefrancq.
- # Le Bouchon de cristal
- # 813 — La Double Vie d'Arsène Lupin
- # 813 — Les Trois crimes d'Arsène Lupin
- # La Demoiselle aux yeux verts
- # L'Aiguille creuse
- Lupin the Third is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Monkey Punch that follows the escapades of master thief Arsène Lupin III, the grandson of Arsène Lupin.
- In Alan Moore's , Lupin is featured as a member of Les Hommes Mysterieux, the French analogue of Britain's League of Extraordinary Gentlemen.
- The manga series Soul Eater features a thief character named Lupin in chapter three, which is an obvious reference to Arsène Lupin.
- There is a manga adaptation of Arsène Lupin first published in 2011, from Gundam artist Takashi Morita.
Video games
- Sherlock Holmes Versus Arsène Lupin is an adventure game for Windows-compatible computers. It was developed by the game development studio Frogwares, and released in October, 2007. The game follows Holmes and Watson as Holmes is challenged by the legendary gentleman thief Arsène Lupin, who threatens to steal England's most-prized treasures.
- Persona 5 features beings known as Personas that are the manifestation of their owners' rebellious spirit are inspired by Fictional characters and mythological beings. The protagonist has Arsène as his initial persona and also resides in the attic of a cafe named Leblanc, a reference to Maurice Leblanc. Similarly to Arsène, the protagonist is also a phantom thief who fights for good on the wrong side of the law.
- , an otome game for the PlayStation Vita, features several fictional characters as potential romantic interests for the player character. The main male character is a gentleman thief named Arsène Lupin.