The battalion was raised on 15 February 1915 with reservists of the Alpini Battalion "Vestone" of the 5th Alpini Regiment. The battalion's name, like the names of all Alpini battalions raised during World War I with first line reservists, was the name of a valley near the active battalion's base; in the Val Chiese battalion's case the Chiese valley, which extends to the north from Vestone. As with all Alpini battalions the recruits for the battalions were drafted exclusively from the area surrounding the battalions base. Initially the battalion fielded the 253rd and 254th Alpini companies, and received the 255th Alpini Company on 8 July 1915 after Italy's full mobilization after the country's entry into the war. The Val Chiese battalion's history is intertwined with the history of the 5th Alpini Regiment, with which it served during World War I. After the war the battalion was disbanded.
On 1 July 1963 the XXIX Alpini Fortification Battalion in Sterzing was renamed Alpini Battalion "Val Chiese". The battalion was part of the Alpine Brigade "Orobica" and tasked with tasked to man fortifications in the Wipptal, Passeier and Vinschgau valleys. The "Val Chiese" fielded three active and three reserve companies with a wartime strength of more than 1,000 men; two of these companies had come from the Alpini Battalion "Val Camonica".
Type A = fortification fully equipped, provisioned and manned; close support platoon onsite
Type B = fortification fully equipped, provisioned and manned; close support platoon off site
Type C = fortification fully equipped; provisions, crew and close support platoon off site
The fortifications the Val Chiese would man in case of war with the Warsaw Pact had been build as Alpine Wall in the early stages of World War II. The Val Chiese was to man the following bunker systems with the aim to deny enemy forces passage through the valleys below the Reschen Pass and Brenner Pass: In the Vinschgau and Passeier valleys:
Saltaus: 4 bunker, 169 men, 250th Alpini Company
Mals-Glurns: 9 bunker, no troops assigned after 1964
Reschen pass: 9 bunker, 254 men, 251st Alpini Company
Brenner pass: 5 bunker, 136 men, 253rd Alpini Company
Gossensaß: 7 bunker 190 men, 254th Alpini Company
Pfitsch: 3 bunker, 121 men, 255th Alpini Company
Franzensfeste: 5 bunker, 165 men, 364th Alpini Company
With fixed fortifications becoming obsolete the battalion was disbanded on 30 June 1979 with only the 253rd Alpini Company remaining on active duty and joining the Alpini Battalion "Val Brenta". After the battalion was disbanded its war flag was transferred to the shrine of the flags at the Vittoriano in Rome.
The Gold Medal of Military Valour displayed on the battalion's coat of arms and carried on the battalion's war flag was originally awarded to the 6th Alpini Regiment and duplicated during the 1975 reform for the flag of the "Val Chiese" battalion.