1816 in science

Botany

• Botanic Gardens, Sydney, established in Australia.

  Chemistry

• Veuve Clicquot invents the riddling table process to clarify champagne.

  Mathematics

• John Farey notes the Farey sequence.

  Medicine

• René Laennec invents the stethoscope.
• Caleb Parry publishes An Experimental Inquiry into the Nature, Cause and Varieties of the Arterial Pulse, describing the mechanisms for the pulse.

  Mineralogy

• Johann Fischer von Waldheim publishes Essai sur la Turquoise et sur la Calaite in Moscow, the first scientific treatise on the mineral turquoise.

  Physics

• Sir David Brewster discovers stress birefringence.

  Technology

• January 9 – Sir Humphry Davy's Davy lamp is first tested underground as a coal mining safety lamp at Hebburn Colliery in north east England.
• The Spider Bridge at Falls of Schuylkill, a temporary iron-wire footbridge erected across the Schuylkill River, north of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is the first wire-cable suspension bridge in history.
• Johann Nepomuk Maelzel begins production of the metronome with a scale.
• Rev. Robert Stirling obtains a patent in the United Kingdom for the Stirling hot air engine.
• approx. date – Simeon North in New England produces a practicable milling machine for working metal.

  Awards

• Copley Medal: Not awarded

  Births

• January 2 – Anastasie Fătu, Moldavian and Romanian physician and naturalist
• July 7 – Rudolf Wolf, Swiss astronomer
• July 20 – Sir William Bowman, 1st Baronet, English ophthalmologist, histologist and anatomist
• December 13 – Werner Siemens, German electrical engineer

  Deaths

• January 2 – Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau, French chemist
• April 7 – Christian Konrad Sprengel, German botanist
• September 18 – Bernard McMahon, Irish American horticulturalist
• September 28 – Edward Howard, English chemist
• December 15 – Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl Stanhope, English engineer