Zonotrichia


Zonotrichia is a genus of five extant American sparrows of the family Passerellidae. Four of the species are North American, but the rufous-collared sparrow breeds in highlands from the extreme southeast of Mexico to Tierra del Fuego, and on Hispaniola.

Etymology

The genus name Zonotrichia is from Ancient Greek zone, "band", and thrix, trikhos, "hair''.

Species

The species in the genus Zonotrichia are:
ImageScientific nameCommon NameDistribution
Zonotrichia leucophrysWhite-crowned sparrowNorth America
Zonotrichia albicollisWhite-throated sparrowCanada and New England
Zonotrichia atricapillaGolden-crowned sparrownorth-central Alaska and central Yukon south to the northwestern corner of the US state of Washington, and wintering from southern coastal Alaska to northern Baja California
Zonotrichia capensisRufous-collared sparrowsouth-east of Mexico to Tierra del Fuego, and on the island of Hispaniola
Zonotrichia querulaHarris's sparrownorth part of central Canada

These birds have brown backs streaked with black, and distinctive head markings. Their cup nests, built by the female, are of plant material lined with fine grasses and constructed on the ground, low in a tree or bush, or in a niche in a wall.
The female lays brown-blotched greenish-blue or greenish white eggs, which she incubates for 12–14 days. The male helps in feeding the chicks.
Zonotrichia sparrows feed on the ground on seeds, fallen grain, insects and spiders.