Windsor Hill


Windsor Hill is a 61.8 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Princes Risborough in Buckinghamshire. It lies within the Chilterns Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and it is featured in the Nature Conservation Review. A small part is managed by the Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust, and access to this area requires a permit.

Site Description

The wood consists of an extensive tract of the Chiltern escarpment. It contains beech woodlands, scrub and chalk grassland. It is one of three extant British locations for the red helleborine orchid.
The beech woodlands incorporate communities characteristic of soils on the Clay-with-flints of the Chiltern plateau and the chalky deposits of the scarp slopes. Associated with the beech on the plateau are oak and occasional birch whilst on the slopes, the associated species are ash and whitebeam. Both even-aged and more mixed stands are represented, the latter typically with a shrub layer including gorse and honeysuckle on the plateau, and elder and hazel on the slopes.
On the plateau, brambles, bracken and rosebay willowherb occupy extensive patches, but a more mixed ground flora occurs between these, including creeping soft-grass, hairy brome, tufted hair-grass, wood millet and wood melick. Pill sedge, hairy wood-rush and slender St. John's-wort are found in more heathy areas, and the rushes Juncus effusus and J. conglomeratus are present in damper areas.
On the slopes dog's-mercury and woodruff are abundant, while more local species include nettle-leaved bellflower, white, broad-leaved and narrow-lipped helleborines, yellow bird's-nest and scaly male-fern.
Juniper scrub occurs on Windsor Hill itself, where it is associated with various other typical chalk shrubs and chalk grassland with an abundance of the moss Pseudoscleropodium purum and common valerian. There are patches of bare chalk with forget-me-nots and common mullein.
On Kop Hill, hawthorn dominates the scrub, and the grassland is less mossy. Several localised plant species such as squinancywort chalk eyebright, horseshoe vetch, autumn gentian and clustered bellflower occur. A further small area of chalk grassland dominated by wood false-brome and glaucous sedge occurs at the foot of Pink Hill.
23 species of butterflies have been recorded, including brown hairstreak, which requires scrub thickets and woodland edge habitats. The juniper colony supports several species of insects specific to this host plant. The snail fauna includes Abida secale, Helicella itala and Pomatias elegans.
There is access from Kop Hill Road and Peters Lane.