W. G. T. Goodman
Sir William George Toop Goodman KBE MICE MIEE MIEAust, until his knighthood invariably referred to as "W.G.T. Goodman", was an engineer and administrator who supervised the installation of New Zealand's first electric tramway and went on to oversee the foundation and growth of the Municipal Tramways Trust in Adelaide, South Australia.
Early life
William Goodman was born in Kent, either in St. Peter's or Ramsgate, a son of William Henry Goodman and his wife Emma Ann Goodman, née Limeburner, and educated at St. George's School in Ramsgate. He later studied at King's College London and perhaps Finsbury Technical College. He was articled to Squire & Newton of London, then joined Maudslay & Field. In 1891 he joined the firm variously reported as Poole & Wight or Poole & White and worked on the Blackpool electric tramways, the Liverpool electric railway, the City and South London electric railway, and the City and South London Railway. He has also been reported as working for Simpson and Co. of London, and for his father, who may have been a consulting engineer or a carpenter.Early engineering career
In 1894 Goodman may have visited America and Germany to gain further technical knowledge and experience. In October 1894 he was in Hobart, Tasmania as a representative of the Brush Electrical Engineering Company setting up that company's exhibit at the International Exhibition, then installing an electric lighting plant for the Mount Lyell Mine reducing works, and advising on the feasibility of installing a hydro-electric generator on the Zeehan Falls for a company floated by Samuel McLean.In 1897 he joined the tramway construction branch of the Department of Public Works, New South Wales, and also served as an officer in the Sixth Infantry Regiment.
He next joined the Sydney engineering company Noyes Brothers for whom in May 1900 he travelled to New Zealand to install electric urban tramways to link with the Roslyn and Dunedin cable tramway systems, which had been designed and installed from 1881 by George Smith Duncan. He left Noyes Brothers in 1902 to take up an appointment as electrical engineer to the city of Dunedin, and was involved in the Waipori hydroelectric scheme, the Christchurch refuse destructor, tramways for Petone and Hutt, and Auckland city lighting.
Municipal Tramways Trust
In 1907 Goodman take up the position of electrical engineer with Adelaide's Municipal Tramways Trust at £1,500 per annum.The following year he was further appointed chief engineer and general manager. The progress of the MTT under his management, and subsequent dismantling, is covered in the Wikipedia article Trams in Adelaide.
Goodman retired from the MTT in 1950 at the age of 78.
Other highlights of Goodman's professional life included the following.
Royal Commission into public transport Auckland, New Zealand
In 1928 he and Alfred Edward Edwards? of Sydney were appointed to a Royal Commission chaired by J. S. Barton of Wanganui, into the tram service in Auckland where the introduction of competing private bus services had resulted in crippling financial losses to the tram service and financial failure of the bus companies. Having buses servicing outlying areas created expectations that the services would continue, leading to compulsory takeover of uneconomic routes by district councils, which were then saddled with recurring debt.The terms of enquiry were:
- The adequacy, efficiency and suitability of the existing transport system maintained by the Auckland City Council and other existing transport services, as regards administration, equipment, working and financial provisions.
- The working and effect in the district of the provisions of the Motor Omnibus Traffic Act, 1920, and its regulations.
- The working and effect in the district of other statutes and regulations affecting vehicular transport.
- The suitability for the district of motor omnibus transport, either in conjunction with or as an adjunct to tramway transport.
- The most suitable form of transport for localities within and localities beyond the tram termini; whether services for such localities should be feeder services or through services or a combination of both; whether and to what extent such services should be conducted by local bodies or any other public management or by private enterprise; and whether and to what extent such services should be under the control of local bodies or any other public control.
- The desirability of establishing a transport board for the district or any part of it, and if so, with what constitution, powers of control, powers of undertaking transport services and means of obtaining funds for its purposes, and whether such a board, if established, should take over all or any existing transport services, and if so upon what terms.
- That the Omnibus Act is justifiable to curb abuses which may result from uncontrolled competition, and to protect publicly owned services from unfair competition.
- That the licensing of transport services should be subject to annual renewal subject to conditions having been met.
- That a surcharge of 2d. provided by section 10 of the Act for protection of municipal tramways was fair.
- That the tram affords the most suitable form of transport in the city and closely settled suburban areas.
- That the pneumatic-tyred petrol-driven motor-omnibus is the best form of transport beyond the reach of tramways.
- That buses should not be limited to acting as a feeder service to a tram terminus, as this requires passengers to disembark and re-embark, and also complicates extraction of fares, but where possible should provide a through service.
- That where a public utility is of a nature that it should be wholly or substantially a monopoly it should be publicly and not privately owned and operated, but in fringe areas the owning and controlling authority should, under proper conditions, permit and license private services.
Committee of Enquiry into the Hume reservoir
Its terms of reference were:
The recommendations and outcome of this enquiry do not appear to have been made public.
Railway Investigation Committee (South Australia)
On 27 May 1930, at the onset of the Great Depression in Australia and with a serious drought gripping South Australia, the Hill Government appointed Goodman to head a committee to investigate the control and administration of the South Australian Railways and the causes of the heavy, and increasing, losses incurred. The other members of the committee were Charles Miscamble, John W. Wainwright, and Archibald McInnes. The inquiry was instigated only two weeks after the return to the US of Railways Commissioner W.A. Webb, who had been eight years in the job. Webb had become unpopular with the government for a number of reasons. Although South Australia was beginning to feel the effects of the depression evident in all states, much of the loss of revenue in the state was blamed on the railways. Most of the witnesses at the hearings were loyal to Webb, but the committee concluded that despite Webb's legacy being a greatly upgraded railway system, his ideas were too ambitious for the times; many of Webb's reforms had been expensive and extravagant, and had damaged the state's economy. Chief among their recommendations was that management of the railways should be run as a business on behalf of the taxpayers, removed from political influence, and be controlled by a board of six members selected on a non-party basis, with only the director having railway experience.Other activities
- Goodman joined The Institution for Electrical Engineers in 1899 and served on the South Australian Centre Committee from 1937 to 1946.
- He served as chairman of the South Australian Housing Trust 1937 – 1944.
- He was a member of the Council of the University of Adelaide 1913 – 1954.
- He was appointed to the Motor Omnibus Board in March 1927.
He had interests in a number of private companies.
Family
He married Florence Letitia Attreed on 7 January 1893. While in Adelaide the family lived at "Lea Lodge", Strangways Terrace, North Adelaide 1909–1916; LeFevre Terrace, North Adelaide 1917; Brougham Place, North Adelaide 1928–1952; and 58 Palmer Place, North Adelaide 1932–1949. Their children included:- Cyril William Goodman, an electrical engineer, married Ruth Ethel Muriel Butler on 28 April 1917. She was a daughter of Sir Richard Butler.
- Raymond George Goodman champion rifle shooter Adelaide University 1919, served as Captain in World War I, moved to Victoria 1923.
- Eldest daughter Doris Florence Louise "Dolly" Goodman married Sydney Chester Thomas on 15 November 1922.
- Second daughter Gwendoline Letitia "Gwen" Goodman, married Andrew Tennant of "The Gap" and "Princess Royal" stations, Burra, on 11 October 1928. Andrew was a grandson of Andrew Tennant MP. Both were interred at the North Road cemetery.
- Third daughter Joan Goodman was engaged to Arthur Rymill in 1932 but married Hurtle Cummins Morphett MC, son of George Hurtle Cummins Morphett, a descendant of Sir John Morphett, on 16 March 1937.
- Youngest daughter Zella Emmeline "Zellie" Goodman, married Kenneth Craig of "Arrawatta", Deniliquin on 7 June 1941.
Recognition
- Goodman was knighted in the 1932 New Year Honours "for public services to the State of South Australia".
- He was awarded the Peter Nicol Russell Memorial Medal by the Institution of Engineers Australia in 1945.
- A historic MTT building on Hackney Road was named the Goodman Building after him.
- A former tram bridge in Holland Street, Thebarton was named the Sir William Goodman Bridge when reopened as part of a cycleway in September 2014.