It is an all aluminium five-cylinder engine with 20 valves and double overhead camshafts. In all but one late version it has a VGT turbocharger of the type VNT, common raildirect injection and cooled exhaust gas recirculation. There are three generations of D5 engines:
The second generation was introduced in 2005. The second generation got a slight reduction in stroke and has a reduced compression ratio, a water-cooled VNT turbocharger with a bigger compressor and an electric servo motor to adjust the vanes, an improved EGR system, a throttle valve, revised intake and exhaust ports and a newer generation of common-rail direct injection with improved injectors.
The third generation was introduced in 2009. The third generation got a further reduction in compression ratio, a two-stage turbo system, an improved exhaust gasrecirculation system, revised intake and exhaust ports and a newer generation of common-rail direct injection with higher pressure and piezoelectric injectors.
Volvo has a special version of the D5 for use in the C30, S40, V50 and C70 models that produces and of torque. The engine compartments of these cars are smaller so among other things the engine has a different air intake system, different exhaust system, smaller charge air cooler and a smaller radiator. In 2009 Volvo, in conjunction with Polestar, launched software upgrades for many of its D5 engines. These upgrades have no impact on official emission or fuel consumption figures, but produce power and torque gains of typically a little over 10%. The first engine to have such an upgrade available was the D5244T4, and the upgrade increased the torque from, and power from. The same upgrade was available for the mechanically-identical D5244T5. Similar upgrades have since been launched for later engines.
Marine engine
The D5244T is also offered as a marine engine by Volvo Penta under the name D3. The marinised engine is in large parts identical to D5244T. This includes crankshaft, pistons, camshafts, valves, cylinder block, cylinder head, turbo, injectors and the high pressure pump. The D3 ECU has a modified software, which e.g. gives a modified torque suited for marine applications and has a simplified starting sequence. The hardware differences between D5244T and D3 are: a water-cooled intercooler, a water-cooled exhaust manifold, a heavier monolithic crankwheel, a seawater-pump and a heat exchanger. The output is at 3,000 rpm,,,, at 4,000 rpm and it is coupled to a duoprop I/O system.
Models
Engine code
Max. power
Max. torque
Max. engine speed
Bore x Stroke
Displacement
Compression ratio
Turbocharging system
Common rail
D5244T
@ 4,000 rpm
@ 1,750-2,750 rpm
4,600 rpm
18.0:1
VNT
Second generation
D5244T2
@ 4,000 rpm
@ 1,750-3,000 rpm
4,600 rpm
18.0:1
VNT
Second generation
D5244T3
@ 4,000 rpm
@ 1,750-3,000 rpm
4,600 rpm
18.0:1
VNT
Second generation
D5244T4
@ 4,000 rpm
@ 2,000-2,750 rpm
5,000 rpm
17.3:1
VNT
Second generation
D5244T5
@ 4,000 rpm
@ 1,750-2,250 rpm
5,000 rpm
17.3:1
VNT
Second generation
D5244T7
@ 4,000 rpm
@ 1,750-2,750 rpm
5,000 rpm
17.3:1
VNT
Second generation
D5244T8
@ 4,000 rpm
@ 1,750-3,250 rpm
4,600 rpm
17.3:1
VNT
Second generation
D5244T13
@ 4,000 rpm
@ 2,000-2,750 rpm
4,600 rpm
17.3:1
VNT
Second generation
D5244T18
@ 3,900 rpm
@ 1,900-2,800 rpm
5,000 rpm
17.3:1
VNT
Second generation
D5244T10
@ 4,000 rpm
@ 1,500-3,250 rpm
5,200 rpm
16.5:1
Two-stage
Third generation
D5244T11
@ 4,000 rpm
@ 1,500-3,250 rpm
5,200 rpm
16.5:1
Two-stage
Third generation
D5244T14
@ 3,000-4,000 rpm
@ 1,500-2,750 rpm
5,000 rpm
16.5:1
VNT
Third generation
D5244T15
@ 4,000 rpm
@ 1,500-3,000 rpm
5,200 rpm
16.5:1
Two-stage
Third generation
D5244T16/T17
@ 4,000 rpm
@ 1,500-2,500 rpm
5,000 rpm
16.5:1
Two-stage
Third generation
D5244T21
@ 4,000 rpm
@ 1,500-2,500 rpm
5,200 rpm
16.5:1
Two-stage
Third generation
D5244T22
@ 4,000 rpm
@ 1,500-3,000 rpm
-
16.5:1
Two-stage
Third generation
Note: 'D5' is branding. All these engines share the five-cylinder block, although not all consistently used the 'D5' badge over time. This is due to changes in hardware and the specific model the engine was deployed in. E.g. On the S60 -05 range, the D5244T was labelled 'D5', and subsequently the D5244T5 was labelled '2.4D' as a detuned version of the D5244T4 'D5' on the 05-09 range. The D5244T21 was even badged 'D4' when used in the S60 D4 AWD automatic between 2016 and 2018. Similarly the 2016 XC60 AWD branded the 190PS D5244T21 as 'D4', but the 220PS D5244T20 as 'D5', whilst the two wheel drive XC60 model of the same year used 'D4' to describe a different four cylinderdiesel engine.
Successor
In autumn of 2013 the new Volvo Engine Architecture was introduced. The 5-cylinder D5 was phased out along with the V70/XC70 and first generation XC60.
