Venetian cuisine
Venetian cuisine, from the city of Venice, Italy
or more widely from the region of Veneto, has a centuries-long history and differs significantly from other cuisines of northern Italy, of neighbouring Austria and of Slavic countries, despite sharing some commonalities.
, where some noblemen and noblewomen enjoy merenda, or a mid-afternoon snack, eating bussoli, or typical sweets from Vicenza.
Overview
Cuisine in Veneto may be divided into three main categories, based on geography: the coastal areas, the plains, and the mountains. Each one can have many local cuisines, each city with its own dishes.The most common dish is polenta, which is cooked in various ways within the local cuisines of Veneto. Polenta once was the universal staple food of the poorer classes, who could afford little else. In Veneto, the corns are ground in much smaller fragments in comparison with the rest of Italy: so, when cooked, it resembles a pudding.
Typical of many coastal areas, communities along the coast of the Laguna Veneta serve mainly seafood dishes.
In the plains it is very popular to serve grilled meat together with grilled polenta, potatoes or vegetables. Other popular dishes include risotto, rice cooked with many different kinds of food, from vegetables, mushrooms, pumpkin or radicchio to seafood, pork meat or chicken livers. Bigoli, fettuccine, ravioli and the similar tortelli and gnocchi, are fresh and often hand-made pasta dishes, served together with meat sauce often made with duck meat, sometimes together with mushrooms or peas, or simply with melted butter.
Cuisine from the mountain areas is mainly made of pork or game meat, with polenta, as well as mushrooms or cheeses, and some dish from Austrian or Tyrolese tradition, such as canederli or strudel. A typical dish is casunziei, hand-made fresh pasta similar to ravioli.
Among the typical seasoning of Venetian cuisine, you can find butter, olive oil, sunflower oil, vinegar, kren, senape, mostarda, salsa verde.
The following are dishes typical of the three subregions of the Veneto. The page for Venetian language provides additional information on writing and pronouncing the dishes' names.
Venice and the lagoon
- Bigołi in salsa: bigoli pasta served with an anchovy and onion sauce.
- Fegato ała venesiana: a high-class Venetian plate of liver, chopped and cooked together with chopped onions.
- Mołeche: small green species crabs, when they arrived at the peak of phase changes and then soft, they are fried. The mołeche are very valuable because the process of changing the water brackish lagoons lasts a few hours, the armor back hard and immediately return to be called maxenete.
- Pasta e faxioi: bean soup with noodles.
- Połenta e schie: small shrimp from the lagoon, fried and perched on a bed of very soft, white polenta.
- Rixi e bixi: a poor but tasty dish consisting of a simple risotto with pancetta and peas cooked in a broth.
- Rixoto de gò: rice prepared with goby, also known as gò, typical fish of the Venetian Lagoon.
- Sarde in saor: fried sardines, dipped in partially fried onion in the same oil in which the sardines are fried, raisins and pine nuts, other spices and sprinkled with plenty of vinegar. One leaves everything to marinate at least one night.
- Sepe al nero: cuttlefish cooked with their ink lagoon.
- Baicołi.
- Fritołe.
- Pinza : an Epiphany cake based on cornmeal and mixed dried fruits and nuts.
- Xałeti : cornmeal biscotti with raisins.
Verona
- Brasato all'Amarone: braised beef meat cooked with Amarone wine, often served together with polenta.
- Gnocchi. It is tradition to eat homemade potato gnocchi on Venerdì Gnocolar, the last Friday of Carnival.
- Lesso e pearà. Lesso is the bollito misto popular across entire northern Italy, that in Verona is uniquely served with pearà: a thick, slow cooking sauce made from the boiled meats' stock, grated stale bread, ox marrow and abundant ground black pepper. Some recipes also add olive oil, grated Parmigiano Reggiano or butter. The sauce's name comes from pear, dialect for pepper; hence pearà, "peppered". In the past this was a lavish meal for the majority of the populace and therefore served on major festivities like Christmas.
- Pastissada de caval: an ancient horse meat stew dating back to the Middle-Age. It's prepared with bay leaves, nutmeg, cloves, salt, pepper, vegetables, and beef stock and slow cooked until the meat melts; it's served with polenta.
- Polenta e renga: polenta accompanied by typical oil preserved herrings. Salted herrings are boiled or grilled, then cleaned, cut into pieces, and pickled in olive oil with garlic, parsley and capers; after 40 days of maturation, the herrings are ready to be served or put into jars for preservation. This dish originated in the Parona neighbourhood of Verona and is traditionally eaten on Ash Wednesday.
- Riso Vialone Nano: a rice variety typical of southern Veronese lowlands. It lends itself best to the preparation of excellent risottos, and used as such throughout Veneto and Italy.
- Risotto all'Amarone: risotto with the local Amarone red wine. It is typical of the Valpolicella wine region.
- Rixoto col tastasal: risotto made with the same seasoned ground pork used in salame and sausages; traditionally this dish was a mean of tasting the mix before making sausages.
- Tortellini di Valeggio: hand-made fresh pasta of tortellini kind, stuffed with a mix of beef, pork meats and vegetables, usually served with melted butter and sage. They are typical of the town of Valeggio sul Mincio, southwest of Verona.
Desserts
- Mandorlato: typical hard torrone, made in the town of Cologna Veneta.
- Nadalin: an ancient predecessor of the Pandoro. It has a flatter shape and firmer texture than its more famous counterpart.
- Pandoro: the traditional Christmas sweet yeast bread, now well-known and eaten all over Italy.
- Tiramisù: a relatively recent recipe that has allegedly been invented in Treviso in the late 60's.
Vicenza
- Asiago cheese.
- Bacałà ała Visentina.
- Bassano del Grappa asparaguses.
- I bixi de Lumignan and i bixi de Borso.
- Cren: horseradish. It's usually finely grated and mixed with vinegar into a sauce that accompanies boiled meats.
- Nanto truffles.
- Paèta al malgaragno
- Rixi e bixi.
- Rotzo potatoes.
- Rubbio celery.
- Semi-liquid polenta
- Serexe de Marostega
- Torexani de Breganse
Other provinces and regional dishes
- Bigołi co'ł'arna: bigoli pasta served together with a duck meat sauce.
- Bixàto : eel; a typical dish of south-eastern Veneto, in the delta of river Po, it can be roasted or fried.
- Carpaccio.
- Casunziei.
- Frittura di pesce: fried seafood served together with polenta; typical dish of the coast of Adriatic Sea.
- Galletto alla brace: grilled cockerel.
- Gallina alla canèvera: a dish from a very old Padua or Vicenza tradition, dating back to the Middle-Age, in which hen meat is boiled together with mixed vegetables inside a pork bladder.
- Gran bollito veneto : mixed boiled meats, beef, hen, beef tongue, cotechino, cooked together.
- Grigliata mista: mixed grilled meats, as pork ribs, pork sausages, pork chops, chicken breasts, bacon strips, beef ribs, always served together with sliced, grilled polenta.
- Maiale al latte: braised pork meat, cooked in milk.
- Oca in onto: a goose marinated for some days in salt or herbs and under its own fat, and later cooked. Typical of the area of Padua.
- Pasta e faxioi ała veneta: a soup made by pasta, beans and bacon.
- Pastìn: a typical food from Belluno, consists of mixed pork and beef meat, cut anyhow. Spices may be added in it, and this food is often eaten along with polenta.
- Patata mericana: sweet potato; a typical fall dish, it can be served boiled or roasted.
- Połenta bianca: a variety of polenta made from white corn biancoperla, it is typical of the plain areas but above all of the territories of Padua, Venice and Treviso.
- Połenta e oxełi: spit roasted small game birds like larks, thrushes, house sparrows and quails, served together with polenta. Under the Republic of Venice this dish spread to eastern Lombardy territories, and in Bergamo a cake took the same name.
- Porchetta trevigiana: often stuffed inside a panino.
- Radicchio alla griglia: a Trevisan-based plate of grilled endive leaves.
- Sfilacci di cavallo: frayed dried horse meat, typical of Padua and its province, it can be traditionally used to dress a bigoli dish or eaten alone, but in modern years it is popular also to dress a pizza.
- Soppressa: typical soft salami, traditionally containing garlic.
- Spezzatino di musso: donkey stew, served with polenta.
- Tripe ała veneta: tripe cooked with vegetables, butter and olive oil, then to be served dressed with grated grana cheese.
Desserts
- Fugasa: an Easter sweet bread.
- Galani.
- Tiramisu: one of the most popular desserts in Italy and Europe, it is made with fresh eggs, mascarpone, Marsala and dark-coffee-dipped savoiardi.
Drinks and alcoholic beverages
- Prosecco: a popular sparkling wine, which is often secco, which is dry, or amabile, which gives it a relatively sweet taste.
- Bianco di Custoza: wine cultivated in the Custoza region near lake Garda.
- Spritz.