University of Innsbruck
The University of Innsbruck is a public university in Innsbruck, the capital of the Austrian federal state of Tyrol, founded in 1669.
It is currently the largest education facility in the Austrian Bundesland of Tirol, the third largest in Austria behind Vienna University and the University of Graz and according to The Times Higher Education Supplement 2010 World Ranking it is Austria's leading university. Significant contributions have been made in many branches, most of all in the physics department. Further, regarding the number of Web of Science-listed publications, it occupies the third rank worldwide in the area of mountain research. In the Handelsblatt Ranking 2015, the business administration faculty ranks among the 15 best business administration faculties in German-speaking countries.
History
In 1562, a Jesuit grammar school was established in Innsbruck by Peter Canisius, today called "Akademisches Gymnasium Innsbruck". It was financed by the salt mines in Hall in Tirol, and was refounded as a university in 1669 by Leopold I with four faculties. In 1782 this was reduced to a mere lyceum, but it was reestablished as the University of Innsbruck in 1826 by Emperor Franz I. The university is therefore named after both of its founding fathers with the official title "Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck".In 1991, Lauda Air Flight 004 crashed in Thailand, killing all aboard, including 21 members of the University of Innsbruck. The passengers included professor and economist Clemens August Andreae, another professor, six assistants, and 13 students. Andreae had often led field visits to Hong Kong.
In 2005, copies of letters written by the emperors Frederick II and Conrad IV were found in the university's library. They arrived in Innsbruck in the 18th century, having left the charterhouse Allerengelberg in Schnals due to its abolishment.
Ceremonial Equipment
In the 1850s, the Habsburgs gradually closed the University of Olomouc as a consequence of the Olomouc students' and professors' participation in the 1848 revolutions and the Czech National Revival. The ceremonial equipment of the University of Olomouc was then transferred to the University of Innsbruck. The original Olomouc ceremonial maces from the 1580s are now used as the maces of Innsbruck University and Innsbruck Medical University. Olomouc University Rector's mace from ca. 1572 is nowadays used as the mace of the Innsbruck Faculty of Theology and Olomouc Faculty of Law Dean's Mace from 1833 is nowadays used as Innsbruck's Faculty of Law Mace.Since the establishment of Czechoslovakia in 1918, the Czechs have been unsuccessfully requesting the return of the University of Olomouc's original ceremonial equipment. Many years later, in 1998, Innsbruck donated an exact copy of the rector's mace to Palacký University, but it is still, in 2015, using the Olomouc University original maces and other regalia as its own ceremonial equipment.
The faculties
The new plan of organisation installed the following 16 faculties to replace the previously existing six faculties:- Faculty of Architecture,
- Faculty of Biology,
- Faculty of Catholic Theology,
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy,
- Faculty of Economics and Statistics,
- Faculty of Education,
- Faculty of Technical Sciences,
- Faculty of Geography and Atmospheric Sciences,
- Faculty of Humanities 1,
- Faculty of Humanities 2,
- Faculty of Law,
- Faculty of Mathematics, Computer Science and Physics,
- Faculty of Psychology and Sports science,
- School of Political Sciences and Sociology,
- School of Management,
- School of Education.
Buildings
The university buildings are spread across the city and there is no university campus as such. The most important locations are:- Theology faculty was opened 1562 as a Jesuit School in 1766 and the university used buildings from the Jesuit church in the Leopoldsaal.
- In 1924, main building and the university library opened.
- 1969 the scientific faculty and the construction faculty in Hotting west was opened.
- 1976 construction began on "Geiwi tower" for the former Philosophy faculty, an addition to the main building.
- 1997 The Social Science faculty was opened.
- 2012 Center of Chemistry and Biomedicine was opened.
- Several university clinics of the medical university in the area became Tyrolian national hospitals.
Points of interest
- Alpengarten Patscherkofel, the university's alpine garden atop Patscherkofel
- Botanischer Garten der Universität Innsbruck, the university's botanical garden
Nobel laureates
- Hans Fischer, chemist
- Victor Francis Hess, physicist
- Fritz Pregl, physician and chemist
- Adolf Windaus, chemist
Notable faculty
- Clemens August Andreae, professor and economist
- Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk, economist
- Wilhelm Ehmann, musicologist
Notable alumni
- James Demske, S.J., president of Canisius College
- Andreas Benedict Feilmoser, theologian
- Maria Luise Thurmair, hymnwriter
- Alexander van der Bellen, current president of Austria
- Herbert Willi composer
Victims of political persecution and terror
- Ludwig Wahrmund was professor of Canon Law in 1908 who was ousted from his post following critical remarks about the Catholic Church's interference in academic freedom.
- Christoph Probst was a student of medicine and a member of the White Rose resistance group.
- Ignacio Ellacuría, S.J. was a Roman Catholic Jesuit priest, philosopher, and theologian. Ignacio Ellacuría was a close friend and colleague of the scholars Ignacio Martín-Baró and Segundo Montes, all of whom were assassinated with Ellacuría by the Salvadoran army, along with three colleagues and two employees. He earned his master's degree at Innsbruck University.
- Segundo Montes, S.J. was a scholar, philosopher, educator, sociologist and Jesuit priest. Segundo Montes was a close friend and colleague of the scholars Ignacio Martín-Baró and Ignacio Ellacuría, all of whom were murdered with Montes by the Salvadoran army, along with three other colleagues and two other employees. He earned his master's degree at Innsbruck.
- Kurt von Schuschnigg was Austria chancellor and was imprisoned until 1945 after the anschluss.