United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe is one of the five regional commissions under the jurisdiction of the United Nations Economic and Social Council. It was established in order to promote economic cooperation and integrations among its Member States.
The Commission is composed of 56 Member States, most of which are based in Europe, as well as a few outside of Europe. Its transcontinental Eurasian and non-European Member States include: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Canada, Georgia, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, the United States of America and Uzbekistan.
History
The Commission was established by the Economic and Social Council on 28 March 1947 in order to "Initiate and participate in measures for facilitating concerted action for the economic reconstruction of Europe," as well as to "maintain and strengthen the economic relations of the European countries, both among themselves and with other countries of the world."It was established at the request of the United Nations General Assembly who called on the Economic and Social Council to create the Commission, as well as the Commission for Asia and the Far East, in order to "give effective aid to countries devastated by war."
As the Commission was established towards the beginning of the Cold War, it faced difficulties in achieving its mandate of economic reconstruction of Europe due to the Iron Curtain. The work of the Commission had to concern itself only with questions that were of common interest to East and West, as to not cause confrontation. However, since the fall of the Soviet Union, the United Nation's economic commissions have been expanding their activities in the former Soviet republics.
Member states
The following are the member states of the commission, along with their date of admission:| Countries | Date of membership |
At that moment was not a UN member. Switzerland joined in 2002 to United Nations.
Committees and programs
Committee on Economic Cooperation and Integration
This Committee promotes a policy, financial and regulatory environment conducive to economic growth, innovative development and higher competitiveness in the UNECE region, focusing mainly on countries with economies in transition. Its main areas of work are innovation and competitiveness policies, intellectual property, financing innovative development, entrepreneurship and enterprise development, and public-private partnerships.Committee on Environmental Policy
UNECE's concern with problems of the environment dates back at least to 1971, when the group of Senior Advisors to the UNECE governments on environmental issues was created which led to the establishment of the Committee on Environmental Policy, which now meets annually. The Committee provides collective policy direction in the area of environment and sustainable development, prepares ministerial meetings, develops international environmental law and supports international initiatives in the region. CEP works to support countries to enhance their environmental governance and transboundary cooperation as well as strengthen implementation of the UNECE regional environmental commitments and advance sustainable development in the region.Its main aim is to assess countries' efforts to reduce their overall pollution burden and manage their natural resources, to integrate environmental and socioeconomic policies, to strengthen cooperation with the international community, to harmonize environmental conditions and policies throughout the region and to stimulate greater involvement of the public and environmental discussions and decision-making.
CEP is the overall governing body of UNECE environmental activities. The Committee's work is based on several strategic pillars:
- Providing the secretariat to the "Environment for Europe" process and participating in the regional promotion of Agenda 21;
- Developing and carrying-out of UNECE Environmental Performance Reviews in the UNECE countries non-members of OECD;
- Overseeing UNECE activities on environmental monitoring, assessment and reporting;
- Increasing the overall effectiveness of UNECE multilateral environmental agreements and facilitating the exchange of experience on MEAs' implementation. See UNECE Espoo Convention, Aarhus Convention, Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution, Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes and Convention on the Transboundary Effects of Industrial Accidents.
- Participating and/or facilitating the exchange of experience in a number of cross-sectoral activities undertaken under the leadership of UNECE, or in partnership with other organizations.
Committee on Housing and Land Management
Inland Transport Committee
The UNECE Transport Division has been providing secretariat services to the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations. In addition to acting as secretariat to the World Forum, the Vehicle Regulations and Transport Innovations section serves as the secretariat of the Administrative Committee for the coordination of work, and of the Administrative/Executives Committees of the three Agreements on vehicles administered by the World Forum.Conference of European Statisticians
The UNECE provides the secretariat for the Conference and its expert groups, and implements the statistical work programme of the UNECE. The Conference brings together chief statisticians from national and international statistical organizations around the world, meaning that the word "European" in its name is no longer an accurate description of its geographical coverage. The Statistical Division helps member countries to strengthen their statistical systems, and coordinates international statistical activities in the UNECE region and beyond through the Conference and its Bureau, and the . The Statistical Division develops guidelines and on statistical methodology and practices, in response to demands from member countries. It works with different groups of specialists from national and international statistical organizations, and organizes meetings and on-line forums for statistical experts to exchange experiences on a wide range of topics. The UNECE Statistical Division also provides technical assistance to South-East European, East European, Caucasus and Central Asian countries.The division also provides:
- on the 56 UNECE member countries in Europe, Central Asia and North America in both English and Russian, on economic, gender, forestry and transport statistics.
- A biennial overview of key statistics for member countries: .
- A to support collaboration activities and disseminate information about good practices.
United Smart Cities (USC)
The United Smart Cities program is a joint effort between UNECE)and the Organization for International Economic Relations.Numerous private business entities and other international and European agencies support the program, including Environment Agency Austria, the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, UN-Habitat, and the International Society of City and Regional Planners. The program promotes areas of strategic smart city policy and development. The key focus areas as detailed by the program are:
- Urban mobility
- Sustainable housing
- Clean energy
- Waste management
- Information and Communications Technology
Executive secretaries