Tokyo Toden
The Tokyo Toden or simply Toden, is the tram network of Tokyo, Japan. Of all its former routes, only one, the Tokyo Sakura Tram, remains in service. The Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation operates the Toden. The formal legal name is Tokyo-to Densha. Its nickname, "Toden," distinguished it from the "Kokuden".
History
At its peak, the Toden system boasted 41 routes with 213 kilometers of track. However, the increase in reliance on automobile traffic resulted in reductions in ridership, and from 1967 to 1972, 181 km of track were abandoned as the Bureau changed its emphasis to bus and subway modes of transportation.- 1903: The Tokyo Horse-drawn Railway changed its motive power to electricity and, under the name Tokyo Electric Railway commenced operations between Shinagawa and Shinbashi.
- 1903: The Tokyo Urban Railway began operations between Sukiyabashi and Kandabashi.
- 1904: The Tokyo Electric Railway connecting Shinbashi Station and Ochanomizu opened.
- 1905: The three companies published the "Tokyo Geography Education Streetcar Song" to promote knowledge of the geography of Tokyo.
- 1906: The three companies merged to form the Tokyo Railways.
- 1911: Tokyo City purchased the Tokyo Railways, established its Electric Bureau, and inaugurated the Tokyo City Streetcar system.
- 1911–1922: The streetcar network expands, with various new companies and lines serving areas in the city and to the west.
- 1933: The route from Shinagawa Station to North Shinagawa Station is abandoned.
- 1933–1943: New companies, mergers, and realignments alter the network.
- 1943: Tokyo City is abolished and the larger Tokyo Prefecture assumes its administrative functions. The Tokyo City Streetcar bureau becomes the Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation.
- 1944: Service is stopped on nine segments.
- 1945–1951: During the Occupation of Japan, the network evolved slowly.
- 1952: The segment of the Imai Line between Higashi Arakawa and Imaibashi Stations was replaced with trolley buses.
- 1953, 1961: Two segments stop operating.
- 1963: In preparation for the Tokyo Olympics, two segments cease operations. The Suginami Line closes because it duplicates a line of the Eidan Subway.
- 1967–1972: A plan for financial restructuring is put into effect in seven stages, resulting in the closing of routes.
- 1974: A plan for abandoning the remaining track is cancelled. The remaining routes are consolidated into a single line, named the Arakawa Line.
- 1978: One-man operation begins.
- 1990: The 8500 Series rolling stock is introduced. It is the first new design in 28 years.
- 2000: A new station, Arakawa Itchūmae, opens between two existing stations.
- 2007 : 9000 Series rolling stock is scheduled for introduction.
Former lines
Lines
This is the list of former lines, listed according to their official names. Correspnding routes are those of 1962. The first section of the lines opened in the listed opening years, while the last section of the lines closed in the listed closing years.Lines primary made by Tōkyō Electric Railway (Tōden)
- Azumabashi Line; ■ Route 24 and ■ 30.
- Hondōri Line; ■ Route 1, ■ 4, ■ 19, ■ 22 and ■ 40.
- Kanasugi Line; ■ Route 1 and ■ 4.
- Kuramae Line; ■ Route 22 and ■ 31.
- Muromachi Line; ■ Route 22 and ■ 31.
- Shinagawa Line; ■ Route 1, ■ 3 and ■ 7.
- Ueno Line; ■ Route 1, ■ 19, ■ 20, ■ 24, ■ 30, ■ 37 and ■ 40.
Lines primary made by Tōkyō Urban Railway
- Aoyama Line; ■ Route 6, ■ 9 and ■ 10.
- Bammachi Line; ■ Route 10.
- Chiyodabashi Line; ■ Route 15, ■ 28 and ■ 38.
- Edogawa Line; ■ Route 15 and ■ 39.
- Hamachō Line
- Hanzōmon Line; ■ Route 8, ■ 9, ■ 10 and ■ 11.
- Hongō Line; ■ Route 19.
- Hōraibashi Line
- Ichigaya Line; ■ Route 12.
- Kandabashi Line; ■ Route 2, ■ 5, ■ 15, ■ 25, ■ 35 and ■ 37.
- Kiridōshi Line; ■ Route 16 and ■ 39.
- Kōtōbashi Line; ■ Route 25, ■ 29 and ■ 38.
- Kudan Line; ■ Route 10, ■ 12 and ■ 15.
- Mita Line; ■ Route 2, ■ 5, ■ 35 and ■ 37.
- Narihira Line; ■ Route 16, ■ 23 and ■ 24.
- Ryōgokubashi Line; ■ Route 10, ■ 12, ■ 25 and ■ 29.
- Shinjuku Line; ■ Route 11, ■ 12 and ■ 13.
- Suzaki Line; ■ Route 28 and ■ 38.
- Toranomon Line; ■ Route 3 and ■ 8.
- Tsukiji Line; ■ Route 8, ■ 9, ■ 11 and ■ 36.
- Umayabashi Line; ■ Route 16 and ■ 39.
Lines primary made by Tōkyō Electric Railway (Sotobori Line)
- Dobashi Line; ■ Route 17.
- Hiroo Line; ■ Route 7.
- Hōraibashi Line; ■ Route 6.
- Nishikichō Line
- Ochanomizu Line; ■ Route 13 and ■ 19.
- Shinanomachi Line; ■ Route 7 and ■ 33.
- Tameike Line; ■ Route 3 and ■ 6.
- Ushigome Line; ■ Route 3 and ■ 12.
Lines primary made by Tōkyō Railways
- Furukawa Line; ■ Route 4, ■ 5, ■ 7, ■ 8 and ■ 34.
- Hakusan Line; ■ Route 2, ■ 18 and ■ 35.
- Izumibashi Line; ■ Route 13 and ■ 21.
- Minowa Line; ■ Route 21 and ■ 31
- Ōtsuka Line; ■ Route 16 and ■ 17.
- Senju Line; ■ Route 22.
- Sugamo Line; ■ Route 2, ■ 18 and ■ 35.
- Suidōbashi Line; ■ Route 2, ■ 17, ■ 18 and ■ 35.
- Takahashi Line; ■ Route 23.
- Tomisaka Line; ■ Route 16, ■ 17 and ■ 39.
Lines made by Ōji Electric Tramway
- Akabane Line; ■ Route 27.
- Arakawa Line; ■ Route 27 and ■ 32.
- Mikawashima Line; ■ Route 27.
- Takinogawa Line; ■ Route 32.
- Waseda Line; ■ Route 32.
Lines made by Jōtō Electric Tramway
- Ichinoe Line; ■ Route 26.
- Komatsugawa Line; ■ Route 25, ■ 29 and ■ 38.
- Sunamachi Line; ■ Route 29 and ■ 38.
Lines made by Tamagawa Electric Railway
- Naka-Meguro Line; ■ Route 8.
- Tengenjibashi Line; ■ Route 8 and ■ 34.
Lines made by the former Seibu Railway
- Kōenji Line; ■ Route 14.
- Ogikubo Line; ■ Route 14.
Other lines
- Asukayama Line; ■ Route 19.
- Awajimachi Line; ■ Route 37.
- Dōzaka Line; ■ Route 20, ■ 37 and ■ 40.
- Ebisu Line
- Fudanotsuji Line; ■ Route 3 and ■ 8.
- Gokokuji Line; ■ Route 17 and ■ 20.
- Gotanda Line; ■ Route 4.
- Hatchōbori Line; ■ Route 5.
- Ikebukuro Line; ■ Route 17.
- Isarago Line; ■ Route 4, ■ 5 and ■ 7.
- Ishiwara Line; ■ Route 16.
- Itabashi Line; ■ Route 18 and ■ 41.
- Kachidokibashi Line; ■ Route 11.
- Kasaibashi Line; ■ Route 29.
- Kasumichō Line; ■ Route 6.
- Kita-Senju Line; ■ Route 21.
- Komagome Line; ■ Route 19.
- Marunouchi Line; ■ Route 28 and ■ 31.
- Meguro Line; ■ Route 4 and ■ 5.
- Mukōjima Line; ■ Route 30.
- Otowa Line; ■ Route 20.
- Roppongi Line; ■ Route 3, ■ 8 and ■ 33.
- Ryōgoku-eki Leading Line; ■ Route 12.
- Sarue Line; ■ Route 28 and ■ 36.
- Senzoku Line; ■ Route 31.
- Shibaura Line
- Shimura Line; ■ Route 18 and ■ 41.
- Shin-Ōhashi Line; ■ Route 9 and ■ 36.
- Totsuka Line; ■ Route 15.
- Tsukishima Line; ■ Route 23.
- Tsunohazu Line; ■ Route 13.
Routes