Tehatta I


Tehatta I is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Tehatta subdivision of Nadia district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Geography

Tehatta is located at. at Tehatta
Tehatta I CD Block is bounded by Naoda, in Murshidabad district, and Karimpur II CD Block, in the north, Gangni Upazila, Meherpur Sadar Upazila and Mujibnagar Upazila of Meherpur District of Bangladesh in the east, Chapra CD Block in the south and Tehatta II CD Block in the west.
Nadia district is mostly alluvial plains lying to the east of Hooghly River, locally known as Bhagirathi. The alluvial plains are cut across by such distributaries as Jalangi, Churni and Ichhamati. With these rivers getting silted up, floods are a recurring feature.
Tehatta I CD Block has an area of 249.55 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 11 gram panchayats, 185 gram sansads, 62 mouzas and 55 inhabited villages. Tehatta police station serves this block. Headquarters of this CD Block is at Tehatta.
Gram panchayats of Tehatta I block/ panchayat samiti are: Betai I, Betai II, Chanderghat, Chitka, Kanainagar, Natna, Patharghata I, Patharghata II, Raghunathpur, Shyamnagar and Tehatta.

Demographics

Population

As per the 2011 Census of India, Tehatta I CD Block had a total population of 244,322, all of which were rural. There were 125,875 males and 118,447 females. The population 6 years was 24,827. Scheduled Castes numbered 85,294 and Scheduled Tribes numbered 4,481.
As per the 2001 census, Tehatta I block had a total population 217,541, out of which 111,673 were males and 105,868 were females. Tehatta I block registered a population growth of 16.87 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the district was 19.51 per cent. Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.
Large villages in Tehatta I CD Block were : Dhopahat, Chanderghat, Khaspu, Shyamnagar, Nischintapur, Chilakhali, Fatepur, Kanainagar, Rajapur, Chhitka, Mrigi,Kamalesh, Binodnagar, Haripur, Mobarakpur, Betai, Karaigachhi, Betai Jitpur, Bagakhali, Jitpur, Tehatta, Natna, Taranipur, Puthimari and Pathar Ghata.
Other villages in Tehatta I CD Block include : Raghunathpur.

Literacy

As per the 2011 census, the total number of literates in Tehatta I CD Block was 155,228 out of which males numbered 83,454 and females numbered 71,774. The gender disparity was 6.14%.
See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

Language and religion

is the local language in these areas.
In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 168,455 and formed 68.95% of the population in Tehatta I CD Block. Muslims numbered 71,371 and formed 29.21% of the population. Christians numbered 4,356 and formed 1.78% of the population. Others numbered 140 and formed 0.06% of the population.
In the 2001 census Hindus numbered 220,357 and formed 62.67% of the combined population of Tehatta I and Tehatta II CD Blocks. Muslims numbered 127,045 and formed 36.13% of the combined population. In the 1991 census Hindus numbered 184,404 and formed 61.30% of the combined population of Tehatta I and Tehatta II CD Blocks. Muslims numbered 112,758 and formed 37.49% of the combined population.

Rural poverty

The District Human Development Report for Nadia has provided a CD Block-wise data table for Modified Human Vulnerability Index of the district. Tehatta I CD Block registered 32.71 on the MHPI scale. The CD Block-wise mean MHVI was estimated at 33.92. A total of 8 out of the 17 CD Blocks in Nadia district were found to be severely deprived when measured against the CD Block mean MHVI - Karimpur I and Karimpur II, Kaliganj, Nakashipara, Chapra, Krishnanagar I and Nabadwip and Santipur appear to be backward.

Economy

Livelihood

In Tehatta I CD Block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators formed 26.84%, agricultural labourers 42.67%, household industry workers 5.06% and other workers 25.43%.
The southern part of Nadia district starting from Krishnanagar I down to Chakdaha and Haringhata has some urban pockets specialising in either manufacturing or service related economic activity and has reflected a comparatively higher concentration of population but the urban population has generally stagnated. Nadia district still has a large chunk of people living in the rural areas.

Infrastructure

There are 55 inhabited villages in Tehatta I CD Block. 100% villages have power supply and drinking water supply. 16 Villages have post offices. 55 villages have telephones. 44 villages have a pucca approach road and 40 villages have transport communication. 15 villages have agricultural credit societies and 9 villages have banks. It should, however, be noted that although 100% villages in Nadia district had power supply in 2011, a survey in 2007-08 revealed that less than 50% of households had electricity connection. In rural areas of the country, the tube well was for many years considered to be the provider of safe drinking water, but with arsenic contamination of ground water claiming public attention it is no longer so. Piped water supply is still a distant dream. In 2007-08, the availability of piped drinking water in Nadia district was as low as 8.6%, well below the state average of around 20%.

Agriculture

Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of bargadars to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not implemented fully. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants. Following land reforms land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Tehatta I CD Block could be classified as follows: bargadars 6.41%, patta holders 14.42%, small farmers 7.24%, marginal farmers 28.30% and agricultural labourers 43.63%. As the proportion of agricultural labourers is very high, the real wage in the agricultural sector has been a matter of concern.
Tehatta I CD Block had 312 fertiliser depots and 76 fair price shops in 2013-14.
In 2013-14, Tehatta I CD Block produced 2,053 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop from 875 hectares, 13,221 tonnes of Boro paddy from 3,769 hectares, 3,239 tonnes of Aus paddy from 1,378 hectares, 20,965 tonnes of wheat from 6,231 hectares, 166,280 tonnes of jute from 10,868 hectares and 2,423 tonnes of potatoes from 85 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.
In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Tehatta I CD Block was 2,233 hectares, out of which 1,211 hectares were irrigated by river lift irrigation and 1,022 hectares by deep tube wells.

Banking

In 2013-14, Tehatta I CD Block had offices of 7 commercial banks and 3 gramin banks.

Transport

Tehatta I CD Block has 5 ferry services and 3 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station is 31 km from CD Block headquarters.
SH 11, running from Mahammad Bazar to Ranaghat passes through this CD Block.

Education

In 2013-14, Tehatta I CD Block had 132 primary schools with 10,094 students, 7 middle schools with 1,447 students, 3 high school with 2,039 students and 18 higher secondary schools with 28,524 students. Tehatta I CD Block had 1 general college with 5,302 students and 398 institutions for special and non-formal education with 13,349 students
In Tehatta I CD Block, amongst the 55 inhabited villages, 2 had no school, 34 had more than 1 primary school, 22 had at least 1 primary school, 31 had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 18 had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar College was established at Betai in 1973. A local educationist Haran Chandra Biswas played a major role in establishing the college. It is affiliated to the University of Kalyani. It offers degree courses in arts and commerce.
Tehatta Government College was established at Tehatta in 2014. It is affiliated to the University of Kalyani and offers honours courses in five subjects.

Healthcare

In 2014, Tehatta I CD Block had 1 hospital, 2 primary health centres and 1 private nursing home with total 225 beds and 15 doctors. It had 27 family welfare subcentres. 13,456 patients were treated indoor and 227,956 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.
Tehatta Subdivisional Hospital at Tehatta has 68 beds. Nazirpur Block Primary Health Centre at Nazirpur has 10 beds. There are primary health centres at Kusthia and Shyamnagar.
Tehatta I CD Block is one of the areas of Nadia district where ground water is affected by high level of arsenic contamination. The WHO guideline for arsenic in drinking water is 10 mg/ litre, and the Indian Standard value is 50 mg/ litre. All the 17 blocks of Nadia district have arsenic contamination above this level. The maximum concentration in Tehatta I CD Block is 3,200 mg/litre.