Tapishwar Narain Raina


Tapishwar Narain Raina Padma Bhushan, MVC, best known as T.N. Raina, was a senior army officer and a diplomat who served as the Chief of the Army Staff of the Indian Army between 1975 and 1978.
Upon retirement, he was appointed as the High Commissioner of India to Canada. He was a recipient of the third highest civilian honour of India, the Padma Bhushan.

Early life and education

Raina was born in a Kashmiri Pandit family on 24 January 1921. He was educated in Ludhiana, where his father, B. N. Raina, had been posted as Head Postmaster. He was married to Marie Antoinette Raina, who was French.

Career

On 12 April 1942, Raina received an emergency commission as a second lieutenant in the 19th Hyderabad Regiment, which subsequently became the Kumaon Regiment. He was a veteran of the Second World War, as well as the 1962 war and 1971 wars.
During the Second World War, while serving as a Second lieutenant, Raina was injured in a grenade accident which resulted in the loss of an eye. He had a glass eye in place for the rest of his career in the army. He was mentioned in dispatches for his service in the Burma Campaign.
He was the Brigade Commander at Chushul in Ladakh during November 1962. He was awarded the Maha Vir Chakra for his handling of the Battle of Chushul.
On 5 January 1965, Lieutenant-Colonel Raina was appointed Brigadier General Staff of the XXXIII Corps in West Bengal.
On 7 October 1971, Raina was appointed General Officer Commanding of II Corps in the Khulna sector, with the acting rank of Lieutenant General. Raina was awarded the Padma Bhushan for his contributions in the War.
Raina was appointed GOC-in-C, Western Command on 27 October 1973. He served as the Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army from 1 June 1975 to 31 May 1978.
During his tenure as the COAS, the central government led by Indira Gandhi declared a state of national emergency in India. Before the imposition of the emergency, it is believed that the Prime Minister asked for the Army's support in the venture, but General Raina bluntly told the Prime Minister that the army would not be used to 'further her ends' but obey only those orders of a 'legally construed government.' . This was considered a crucial moment that kept the Indian Army out of politics at a critical juncture.
Raina died on 19 May 1980 in Ottawa, while serving as India's High Commissioner to Canada.

Awards and decorations


Dates of rank