T cell deficiency


T cell deficiency is a deficiency of T cells, caused by decreased function of individual T cells, it causes an immunodeficiency of cell-mediated immunity. T cells normal function is to help with the human body's immunity, they are one of the two primary types of lymphocytes.

Symptoms and signs

Presentations differ among causes, but T cell insufficiency generally manifests as unusually severe common viral infections, diarrhea, and eczematous or erythrodermatous rashes. Failure to thrive and cachexia are later signs of a T-cell deficiency.

Mechanism

In terms of the normal mechanism of T cell we find that it is a type of white blood cell that has an important role in immunity, and is made from thymocytes One sees in the partial disorder of T cells that happen due to cell signaling defects, are usually caused by hypomorphic gene defects Generally, deletion of 22Q11.2 is the most often seen.

Pathogens of concern

The main pathogens of concern in T cell deficiencies are intracellular pathogens, including Herpes simplex virus, Mycobacterium and Listeria. Also, intracellular fungal infections are also more common and severe in T cell deficiencies. Other intracellular pathogens of major concern in T cell deficiency are:

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of T cell deficiency can be ascertained in those individuals with this condition via the following:

Primary or secondary

In terms of the management of T cell deficiency for those individuals with this condition the following can be applied:
In the U.S. this defect occurs in about 1 in 70,000, with the majority of cases presenting in early life.
Furthermore, SCID has an incidence of approximately 1 in 66,000 in California