Swanlinbar


Swanlinbar is a small village on the N87 national secondary road in north-west County Cavan, Ireland, close to the Cladagh river and near the Fermanagh border.
The village is situate in the townlands of Furnaceland and Hawkswood, in the civil parish of Kinawley, in the barony of Tullyhaw. In the 1860s, Swanlinbar had the most celebrated of Cavan's numerous mineral springs.

History

The earliest name recorded for the village was Sra'-na-muck which means "The River-field of the pigs".
The current official Irish name An Muileann Iarainn meaning 'Iron Mill' reflects the foundation of an ironworks in the town in 1700 as does the name 'Swanlinbar' which derives from the four entrepreneurs who built the iron foundry. Jonathan Swift in his 1728 essay On Barbarous Denominations In Ireland wrote:

"There is likewise a famous town, where the worst iron in the kingdom is made, and it is called Swandlingbar: the original of which name I shall explain, lest the antiquaries of future ages might be at a loss to derive it. It was a most witty conceit of four gentlemen, who ruined themselves with this iron project. 'Sw' stands for Swift, 'And' stands for Sanders, 'Ling' for Darling, and 'Bar' for Barry. Methinks I see the four loggerheads sitting in consult, like Smectimnius, each gravely contributing a part of his own name, to make up one for their place in the iron-work; and could wish they had been hanged, as well as undone, for their wit."

A lease dated 27 February 1682 from Adam Loftus to Goodwin Swift, Robert Saunders, Richard Barry and Richard Darling of lands in the area was the start of modern iron mining in the district. However iron smelting had been carried on in the area from as early as the Iron Age as recent discoveries in the nearby townland of Tonyquin attest.
The earliest mention of the town seems to be in the will of Richard Darling of Dublin City, dated 4 March 1706, which refers to- the iron works, land and town of Swanlingbar.
Another early mention of the town is in the will of Robert Saunders, a wealthy lawyer, landowner and politician, dated 8 March 1707, which states- I devise to my son Morley Saunders, my estate and interest in the Iron Works, lands and woods at Swanlingbar in the Countys of Cavan and Fermanagh.
It is also mentioned in a lease dated 2 August 1714 where it is spelled Swanlingbar. The lessor was the aforementioned Morley Saunders.
Godwin Swift seems to have supplied most of the finance for the iron works. Deane Swift in his 1755 book entitled An essay upon the life, writings, and character of Dr. Jonathan Swift states- "Godwin Swift pursued fifty kinds of business in the city of Dublin, which he himself was wholly a stranger to, but which indeed were carried on by a parcel of knaves, whose general view was to make a purse for themselves, and afterwards to break and leave their principal in the lurch. These projects from time to time cost Mr. Swift many thousands of pounds. But that project, which above all other brought his family almost to ruin, was a violent push that he made towards raising a new fortune out of an iron-work in the county of Cavan which undoubtedly might have turned to very considerable account, if his other affairs would have permitted him to attend personally upon such kind of business; in the same manner as it proved highly advantageous to three others, that were concerned in partnership with Mr. Swift, whose names are not worth our remembrance. They were all so prodigiously enamoured of this project, that by general agreement they twisted and blended all their own several names together, and gave the title of Swanlingbar to this Peruvian estate. His three partners minded their affairs, and got abundance of wealth by these hammers and forges. But Swift, born to be the greatest dupe that ever lived upon earth, considered these matters in the fame fame light he had been always used to consider every thing else. For notwithstanding these partners had neither money nor credit to engage in a project so various and extensive, they had the assurance to recommend it to Mr. Swift, and to persuade him to lay down the whole purchase money For lands, leases, and woods contiguous to Swanlingbar'. They also prevailed with him to expend out of his own fortune all the costs and charges, requisite to set these iron-works on foot, and afterwards to carry them on successfully. And what is more extraordinary, they had the finesse and dexterity, after these purchases were made, to get themselves enrolled with Mr. Swift as equal sharers in the whole of the profits, he taking their no securities for the payment of their quotas. A madness surely in Swift, that is scarce to be parallelled throughout all history, unless it be in the case of grand alliances among the princes of this world, who are frequently imposed upon just in the same manner. However, these engagements with persons of little or no fortune, how wild and extravagant soever they may be deemed, will still appear to have been wise and prudent in comparison of that wisdom and foresight, which afterwards he exerted. For in the multitude of his great experience being thoroughly convinced that care alone, without any sort of abilities, would be sufficient for all purposes relating to his concerns in the county of Cavan; away he sends down his own coachman Tom with his wife the cook-maid to manage all his affairs at this celebrated forge. The coachman he thought was a good sharp fellow, and therefore not easily to be over-reached by the managers of other people. And really the fellow approved himself to be dexterous enough; for by the confusion and shuffling of accounts, like other great ministers, and particularly by entering into cabals with the greatest knave belonging to the whole confederacy, he contrived it so, that he brought in his master ten or twelve thousand pounds in debt, when money was at ten per cent and at the same time raised a fortune for himself of about fifteen hundred pounds a year. Such was the rise of those people, who live down yonder in the country. This I only mention carelessly by the way, lest hereafter they might forget they were descended from our menial servants. But without raking any further into the ashes of the dead, or exposing the character of a certain egregious rogue to the abomination of men, I shall hasten to conclude this part of my narration and observe, that in the year 1693, immediately after the decease of counsellor Godwin Swift, his heirs were obliged to sell for the payment of his debts such a number of his estates, that not above the eighth part fell to the inheritance of his children".
In his 1732 book "A natural history of the parish of Killesher", the local rector Rev. Wiliam Henry wrote that at the spa in Swanlinbar the local peasantry joined in the festivities with the visiting gentry. He described an idyllic picture of
"the fine beau and the country girl with her hair plaited behind, the nice lady and the ploughman tilting most merrily together in a country dance by five o'clock in a morning, with the bagpiper playing tunes such as 'The Black Joke' or "Westmeath Election'".

By 1750 the name of 'Swanlinbar' was the common usage. Reverend William Henry in his 1739 book "Upper Lough Erne" writes:

"The River Duanim or Stragownagh sweeps by the small market-town of Swanlinbar where once was a great iron-work. Some time ago there were forests of oak along the bank of this river; but they have been so entirely extirpated in order to supply the iron-works at Swanlinbar, that there is scarce a stump left."

However the old people in the district still refer to the town as 'Swadlinbar' and this name is mentioned in John Wesley's journal:

"Thursday 4th May 1769 — I found near Swadlinbar, as artless, as earnest, and as loving a people as even at Tonny-Lommon. About six I preached at the town's end, the very Papists appearing as attentive as the Protestants; and I doubt not thousands of these would soon be zealous Christians, were it not for their wretched Priests, who will not enter into the kingdom of God themselves, and diligently hinder those that would."

The Post-Chaise Companion 1786 states-
"About half a mile from Swanlinbar is the famous spa; the waters of which are excellent for scurvey, nerves, low spirits and bad appetite.They are to be drank as the stomach can bear them, preparing first with gentle physic. You go to bed at ten, without supper, in the morning you appear at the spa well at 6, drink till 9, taking constant exercise, and breakfast a little after 10. At one you return to the well, and drink two or three glasses, returning home at 3, to be dressed for dinner at 4. There is no particular regimen necessary, but to be temperate in wine, and to drink as little Chinese tea as possible. Your chambers are 8s.1d or 11s.4d per week. At Mr.Castle's ordinary, you have a most excellent table. Breakfast at 0.8d. Dinner at 1s.7d. Lady's wine 6d. The gentlemen pay the remainder of the wine bill. Your horse's hay 10d per night. Grass 6d per night. Oats 10d per peck. Servant's lodging 2s.8d. per week. Board 7s.7d. per week. Evening tea 6d per day. Washing very cheap and good. The Post from Dublin comes in Monday, Thursday & Saturday at 11 in the forenoon and goes out on Sunday, Thursday and Friday at 10 at night"

The poet George Sackville Cotter wrote an amusing poem entitled "Epistles from Swanlinbar" in 1788 which recounts the adventures and upsets experienced by visitors to the Spa at Swanlinbar.
In the 1778 Irish Relief of Insolvency Act there is a reference to "Redmond Mc Manus of Swadling-bar in the county of Cavan, merchant".
John Jebb the Protestant curate of Swanlinbar in 1799 wrote of his experiences there in a letter dated 18 January 1800. I began yesterday to write to you, when I was summoned, at no very seasonable hour, to visit a sick parishioner, through snow, and bog, and mountain. So disagreeable a walk I never before experienced. Some of the places through which I passed, were nearly impassable; and, to increase my annoyance, I was obliged to return, partly on foot, partly on horseback, through this bleak and marshy tract, in darkness and intense frost. However, I enjoyed the satisfaction of thinking I was discharging my duty.
Charles Coote in his 1802 "Statistical Survey of County Cavan", wrote-
"It is to be regretted that the ravages of the fire, which happened in the village of Swanlinbar above 15 years ago, have not yet been repaired, in which 22 houses were destroyed. A great deal of harmony and sociability prevails in this retired watering place. The celebrated spa is in an ornamented enclosure, which is very handsomely improved with pleasant walks and neat plantations. The breakfast room is contiguous to the well, and here the company generally partake of this sociable meal, at the same table drink the waters, and ride or walk till dinner, when an excellent ordinary is provided."

The 1836 Ordnance Survey Namebooks state- In this townland is situated the town of Swanlinbar...This small town was in great repute about the year 1800 owing to the healing virtues of its spa water. But this has long ceased to please the public taste, and the town is at present little better than a country village.
Samuel Lewis in his Topographical Dictionary of 1837 states-
"SWANLINBAR, a post-town, in the parish of KinAwley, barony of Tullaghagh, county of Cavan, and province of Ulster, 8 miles from Ballyconnell, to which it has a penny-post; containing 398 inhabitants. This town is supposed to have derived its origin from a rich iron mine in the neighbouring mountain of Cuilcagh, which was worked at a remote period to a very considerable extent. The ore was smelted into pig iron in furnaces about half a mile distant, and manufactured into bars at some works erected upon a powerful mountain stream which flows through the village : these works were continued till all the timber of the mountains was consumed in smelting the ore, when they were necessarily abandoned. In 1786 a considerable part of the town was destroyed by an accidental fire, which consumed 22 houses. It now contains 79 houses, and is situated on the old road from Ballyconnell to Enniskillen, and surrounded by the wild mountains of the barony: it is chiefly distinguished for its mineral waters, which are strongly impregnated with sulphur, earth, sea salt and fossil alkali, and in their medicinal effect are both alterative and diaphoretick and are esteemed highly efficacious as a restorative from debility. From April to September it is the resort of numbers of the gentry of the surrounding district. The spa is situated in an enclosure tastefully laid out in pleasant walks and embellished with thriving plantations. Contiguous to the well is a handsome pumproom, in which the visiters usually take breakfast, and on re-assembling an excellent dinner is provided. The surrounding mountains afford ample scope for the researches of the mineralogist, and contain several natural and artificial caves ; on the neighbouring townlands of Lurgan and Coolagh are strong indications of coal. A few linens are manufactured in the vicinity, besides other articles of clothing for the inhabitants. Fairs are held annually on Feb. 2nd, March 30th, May 18th, June 29th, July 27th, Aug. 18th, Sept. 3rd and 29th, Oct. 26th, and Dec. 1st and 29th. A chief constabulary police station has been established; and petty sessions are held on alternate Wednesdays. On the summit of the mountain of Cuilcagh, is a fine spring of excellent water: on this mountain, which is intimately associated with much of the legendary history of the district, the Maguires anciently invested their chiefs with supreme command over the adjacent country of Fermanagh."''

'By Claddagh's Banks' is a book by Anthony Mckiernan about the history of Swanlinbar.
'That's the Way' is a book by Joe Prior about growing up in Swanlinbar in the 1950s

Notable people

Swanlinbar is served by three bus routes. Leydons Coaches operate route 930 linking Swanlinbar to Bawnboy, Ballyconnell, Belturbet, Cavan and Enniskillen. Ulsterbus route 192 provides a commuter service to Enniskillen with one morning and one evening journey each way Mondays to Saturdays inclusive. Thursday-only Bus Éireann route 464 links Swanlinbar to Enniskillen, Ballinamore and Carrigallen.
Until mid-October 2012 Swanlinbar was served several times daily by Bus Éireann Expressway route 30. Until June 2011 Swanlinbar was served by Ulsterbus Goldline route 296 linking it to Longford and Omagh.

Census

For other years see Furnaceland and Hawkswood.
YearPopulationMalesFemalesTotal HousesUninhabited
18313981872117911
184149222626611321
1851406203203766
1861436214222837
1871314156158671
1881300146154747
1891402179223846