Stone circle (Iron Age)


The stone circles of the Iron Age were a characteristic burial custom of southern Scandinavia and Southwestern Finland, especially on Gotland and in Götaland
Finland court stones are found in Eura, Ulvila and Kokemäki.
They date typically during the Pre-Roman Iron Age and the Roman Iron Age.
In Sweden, they are called Domarringar, Domkretsar or Domarsäten. In Finland they are called Käräjäkivet. In some places in Nordic countries they were used until 17th century
They should not be confused with the Stone circles of the Bronze Age and Britain.

History

A tradition of making stone circles existed on the European continent in Wielbark culture near the mouth of the Vistula River in the first century. The practice suggests Norse influence but may have been established in the area before the arrival of the Goths.
The stone circles were sometimes used as burial grounds.

Shapes

The circles are usually round, or elongated ellipses. The stones may be very large and they are usually between 9 and 12. Sometimes there are as few as 6-8. One stone circle, the circle of Nässja, comprises as many as 24 stones. Excavations have shown burnt coal in the centre of the circles and they are nowadays considered to be incineration graves.

Things

There is a widespread tradition that the circles were used for things, or general assemblies. Similar circles were used for popular assemblies in Denmark until the 16th century, and in Vad parish in Västergötland, the village assemblies were held in a stone circle until the 19th century.

Snorri Sturluson

Even if knowledge that the stone circles were graves was later lost, it was still fresh in the 13th century as testify these lines by Snorri Sturluson in the introduction of the Heimskringla:

Examples