Staveley, Cumbria
Staveley is a village in the South Lakeland district, in Cumbria, England. Historically part of Westmorland, it is situated northwest of Kendal where the River Kent is joined by its tributary the Gowan. It is also known as Staveley-in-Westmorland and Staveley-in-Kendal to distinguish it from Staveley-in-Cartmel. There are three civil parishes – Nether Staveley, Over Staveley and Hugill. Their total population at the 2011 Census was 1,593 but this includes those living in the hamlet of Ings in Hugill parish.
Geography
The village is strategically placed at the junction of the rivers Kent and Gowan, at the mouth of the Kentmere Valley. Three hills overlook the village; Reston Scar on the north side on which much of the village is built, Piked Howe to the northeast known to the locals as Craggy Wood and Lily Fell to the south in the direction of the village of Crook on the opposite side of the A591 bypass. Piked Howe and Reston Scar sit either side of the opening into the Kentmere Valley. Both mark the beginning of a larger horseshoe chain of hills known as the Kentmere Round.The nearest village to the west is Ings, a small settlement which now shares schools and parish minister with Staveley.
To the south of the village is Crook, and to the north Kentmere which can only be accessed by road via Staveley village centre, meaning that the two villages have had a close relationship with each other for many centuries. But the village which had the strongest links to Staveley in more recent years is arguably Burneside which is the next stop on the railway line to the east on the way to Kendal. National Cycle Route 6 and the Dales Way footpath run through Burneside and Staveley.
River Gowan
Gowan beck comes into the village from the west after passing through the village of Ings. There is sometimes flooding at the confluence of the two rivers.History
The area has been inhabited since around 4000 BC when ancient Britons established farms.It has been suggested that the Romans built a road near Staveley to link the Roman forts at Kendal and Ambleside. However, the existence of any Roman road in the immediate vicinity of Kendal is not confirmed. On the other hand, the Roman road at High Street is well evidenced.
Weekly markets and a three-day annual fair were held from 1329 when the village was granted a market charter.
In the 18th century a turnpike road from Kendal to Ambleside was constructed through Staveley. In Dorothy Wordsworth's journal for 1802 there are references to an inn at Staveley. She wrote:
"I am always glad to see Stavely; it is a place I dearly love to think of"
Since the 1840s Staveley has had a railway station on the Windermere Branch Line from Windermere to Oxenholme. It is one of only a few locations in the Lake District National Park to have a station, but in the 19th century most tourists continued their journey to the railhead at Windermere. Staveley remained relatively unaffected by mass tourism until the 20th century.
Another 19th-century project built through Staveley is the Thirlmere Aqueduct, commissioned in 1894. On its way to Manchester, the aqueduct passes under the River Kent at Staveley. Although the Staveley section of the aqueduct was constructed underground, some of the infrastructure associated with it is visible.
As a result of the Storm Desmond flood both the bridges over the River Gowan in the village were closed because of damage to their structures cutting the village in two for vehicular traffic. The Station Road / Abbey Square bridge was reopened after minor repairs. Gowan Old Bridge, a twin arch stone bridge with attached concrete footbridge near the confluence of the rivers, had severe damage to its central pier and remained closed. It was demolished in June 2016, after the re-routing of the gas main. A new single-span concrete beam bridge was constructed to replace it and opened on May 18, 2017.
Governance
within the county of Westmorland, it became part of the new non-metropolitan county of Cumbria in 1974.The area of Staveley is divided into three civil parishes;
- Nether Staveley,
- Over Staveley
- Hugill. Williamson's Monument is situated on the fell above this section of the parish.
Woods
Woods in the area include:
- Beckmickle Ing which is managed by the Woodland Trust
- Craggy Plantation, which belongs to the Lake District National Park Authority and is mainly deciduous. This area was used in the 1990s for testing various measures to control the spread of North American grey squirrels into the native red squirrel habitats.
- Dorothy Farrer's Spring Wood, which is managed by the Cumbria Wildlife Trust. There is a tradition of coppicing, which the trust continues in the interests of biodiversity. Birdlife includes the pied flycatcher.
- Mike's Wood native woodland planted in the 1990s by the organisation Friends of the Lake District.
Mills
While there is no longer any bobbin production, there are a carpentry businesses in the village including Peter Hall.
Staveley Mill Yard
At the weir by Wilf's Cafe visitors can see water being drawn from the River Kent, which originally powered a waterwheel, replaced in 1902 with turbines.Historic buildings
A conservation area protects much of the centre of Staveley. There are proposals to extend the conservation area across the River Kent to include a garden designed by Thomas Mawson.Staveley has a number of listed buildings, including its oldest building, a tower, all that remains of a medieval church dedicated to St Margaret. The structure is maintained as a clock-tower: on it is a plaque commemorating the Staveley men of F Company, Second V B Border Regiment, who served in the South Africa Campaign of 1900–01 under Major John Thompson.
In 1338 the then Lord of the Manor, Sir William Thweng agreed to build a church. Before this the villagers had been expected to travel 7 miles to Kendal each Sunday for services. The church, completed in 1388, was replaced by a new parish church, built in 1864–65 to a design by J. S. Crowther. This Victorian church, dedicated to St James, is notable for the stained glass windows at the east end, which were designed by Sir Edward Burne-Jones and made by Morris and Co. They depict the Crucifixion and Ascension of Christ surrounded by angels and stars. One of the angels was used for the Royal Mail's second class Christmas stamp in 2009.
Other places of worship
There is a small Catholic church, now disused, situated on Station Road.There are two former chapels, which were Wesleyan Methodist and Primitive Methodist prior to Methodist Union in 1932. They have been converted for residential use.