St Peter's Church was founded as a chapel of ease associated with Brighton's oldest church and its existing parish church, St Nicholas. The contract to design the new church was won in open competition by Charles Barry, then only in his mid-twenties. It was built in an approximation of the 14th- and 15th-century Perpendicular or Late Gothic style, typical of the so-called Commissioners' churches, of which St Peter's was one. It was not a revival of its style in the manner of Barry's pupil Augustus Pugin, but, as Nikolaus Pevsner described it, " remedies this fault by remarkable inventiveness and boldness". The foundation stone was laid by the Vicar of Brighton, Rev. R. J. Carr, on 8 May 1824, at a location which was at the time "the entrance to the town" but which is now in the city centre, following the rapid development of Brighton since that date. The ceremony of consecration was led by the same man on 25 January 1828. A spire was designed by Barry in 1841, but it was never built. The side aisles originally had galleries, but these were taken down, as were so many, as a result of the cultural and liturgical changes made in the wake of the Oxford Movement. Barry's hexagonal apse was demolished in 1898 to make way for a much larger, straight-ended chancel designed by Somers Clarke and J.T. Mickelthwaite, built in Sussex sandstone, its warm hue contrasting with the cold, white appearance of the Portland stone in which the rest of the church was built. The building work continued until 1906. The new chancel, long and wide, was consecrated in the presence of the then Archbishop of Canterbury, the Most Reverend Randall Thomas Davidson. The church has a selection of stained glass windows, most of which are by Charles Eamer Kempe. The liturgical east side has a window commemorating Queen Victoria, presented to the church on behalf of the people of Brighton using funds raised in the town. St Peter's was listed at Grade II* on 24 March 1950. As of February 2001, it was one of 70 Grade II*-listed buildings and structures, and 1,218 listed buildings of all grades, in the city of Brighton and Hove. St Peter's parish was legally united with that of the Chapel Royal in North Street from 25 July 1978 by means of an Order in Council.
HTB church plant
In December 2007, after a long period of consultation, the Diocesan Pastoral Committee recommended to the Church Commissioners that St Peter's should be made redundant. On 8 May 2009, Holy Trinity Brompton Church in London, an influential Church of England parish church which created the Alpha course, agreed to take over its ownership and running. The parish of St Peter's, previously merged with that of the Chapel Royal, was reconstituted as a separate and smaller parish. Services restarted on Sunday, 1 November 2009. The vicar is Archie Coates and the associate vicar is Jonny Gumbel, the son of Nicky Gumbel who developed the Alpha Course. Since then the church has grown to "almost 1000" and has a focus on social action, especially through a project known as Safehaven to help homeless people. There are four services on a Sunday: a liturgical Holy Communion at 8.00 am, two family services at 9.30 and 11.30, and a student and youth-oriented service at 6:30 pm. St Peter's has a satellite church on the Whitehawk estate, known as St Cuthman's, and has also planted a church in Holy Trinity Church, Hastings. In August 2016, the vicar and 30 parishioners moved to Portsmouth to start Harbour Church, a church plant in the city centre "aimed specifically at students and young adults".
