Sri Lanka Artillery


The Sri Lanka Artillery is the artillery arm of the Sri Lanka Army. It is made up of 09 Regular regiments and 2 Volunteer Regiments. The SLA is headquartered at Panagoda Cantonment, Panagoda.

History

The roots of the Sri Lanka Artillery goes back to 1888, when on 12 April 1888 the Ceylon Artillery Volunteers was formed as a gun battery under the command of Capt. C.E.H Symons of the Royal Artillery. During World War I the Ceylon Artillery Volunteers were mobilised, along with the Town Guard Artillery of Colombo, for the defence of Colombo. In 1918 the Ceylon Garrison Artillery was formed by amalgamating the Ceylon Artillery Volunteers and the Town Guard Artillery, coming under the Ceylon Defence Force. During the colonial period the main responsibility of the Ceylon Garrison Artillery was the coastal defence of Ceylon, by manning Coastal artillery batteries.
During World War II, as well as defending Ceylon the CGA was deployed overseas to support the Allied and Commonwealth forces in the Indian Ocean. Equipped with 6 inch Guns, the CGA was deployed in defence of the Seychelles and the Cocos Islands, in which the Cocos Islands mutiny took place. Within Ceylon the CGA expanded in size, with the 1st Coast Regiment raising one field and four coast batteries and the formation of the 2nd Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, headquartered in Trincomalee, and the 3rd Searchlight/Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment based in Colombo. These formations defended Colombo and Trincomalee during the air attacks occurred as part of the Indian Ocean raid by the Imperial Japanese Navy.
In 1949 the CGA became the Ceylon Artillery as part of the Ceylon Army formed under the Army Act of 1949. That year the 1st Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment of the Ceylon Artillery was formed under the command of Lt. Col. F. C. de Saram, OBE. In 1953 it was renamed the 1st Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment. In the same year the 3rd Field Artillery Regiment was formed. The 2nd Volunteer Coastal Artillery / Anti-Aircraft Regiment was formed in 1949, under the command of Lt. Col. J.A.T. Perera, ED. It was made up of officers and men of the Ceylon Garrison Artillery. In 1962, when many officers of the CA, including Colonel De Saram, were associated with the attempted military coup, the government began the rapid reduction of the CA. As a result, in 1962 the 1st Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment was amalgamated with 3rd Field Artillery Regiment and the 4th Regiment, Ceylon Artillery was formed; the 2nd Volunteer Regiment was disbanded and the coastal artillery batteries were decommissioned, thus reducing the Ceylon Artillery to a single regiment. Years after amalgamation of the LAA, the air defence role of the Sri Lankan military was taken over by the Sri Lanka Air Force Regiment, which it carries out to this day. The CA was deployed for counter insurgency operations during the 1971 JVP insurrection, lacking field artillery it initially deployed its troops as infantry until it received mountain guns and anti-tank guns. The CA was renamed in 1972 as the Sri Lanka Artillery when Ceylon became a republic. In 1980 was a new volunteer regiment, the 5th Artillery Regiment was formed. With the escalation of the Sri Lankan Civil War, the regiment grew in size and began deploying field guns and howitzers in combat, later introducing multiple rocket launchers.
At present the Sri Lanka Artillery has 09 Regular regiments, 2 Volunteer regiments and a Regimental band. These units form the Artillery Brigade. Since the start of the Sri Lankan civil war in the 1980s, the SLA has provided fire support for almost all military operations carried out by the Sri Lanka Army against terrorist forces. It also performs a target acquisition role to locate enemy guns. At times the SLA has deployed 1 Regular and 2 Volunteer regiments in an infantry role to meet the shortage of infantry.

Units

Regular Regiments

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During the colonial period the Ceylon Garrison Artillery personnel manned British Coastal artillery batteries. After independence and establishment Artillery Regiment, the corps depended on its World War II-era British BL 6 inch coastal guns, 40 mm anti-aircraft guns, 3.7 inch heavy anti-aircraft guns and 4.2-inch heavy mortars. Following the 1962 coupe, the coastal and anti-aircraft batteries were decommissioned.
With the outbreak of the 1971 JVP insurrection, the Ceylon Artillery received 4 76 mm mountain guns from Yugoslav and 30 85 mm Type 60 anti-tank guns from China. Which were deployed in counter-insurgency operations. These were used again in the 1980's when the Sri Lankan Civil War started and British Ordnance QF 25 pounder Mark III field guns were added.
New sources of weaponry in the 1990s and 2000s included China and the Czech Republic. With the escalation of the Sri Lankan civil war 120 mm, 152 mm, 130 mm howitzers and 120 mm, 82 mm mortars were introduced, and in 2000 RM-70 Multiple rocket launchers were added, increasing SLA’s firepower. Target acquisition systems are also operated by the corps to locate enemy guns.
The air defence role has now been completely taken over by the Sri Lanka Air Force Regiment.
Multiple rocket launchers
Artillery
Artillery
Heavy and Towed mortars