The Square and Compasses is the single most identifiable symbol of Freemasonry. Both the square and compasses are architect's tools and are used in Masonic ritual as emblems to teach symbolic lessons. Some Lodges and rituals explain these symbols as lessons in conduct: for example, Duncan's Masonic Monitor of 1866 explains them as: "The square, to square our actions; The compasses, to circumscribe and keep us within bounds with all mankind". However, as Freemasonry is non-dogmatic, there is no general interpretation for these symbols that is used by Freemasonry as a whole.
With a "G"
In many English speaking countries, the Square and Compasses are depicted with the letter "G" in the center. The letter has multiple meanings, representing different words depending on the context in which it is discussed. The most common is that the "G" stands for God. Another is that it stands for Geometry, and is to remind Masons that Geometry and Freemasonry are synonymous terms described as being the "noblest of sciences", and "the basis upon which the superstructure of Freemasonry and everything in existence in the entire universe is erected. In this context, it can also stand for Great Architect of the Universe."
Use of the symbol by other fraternal bodies
The square and compasses has been used as a symbol by several organisations, sometimes with additional symbols:
The Order of Free Gardeners, which adds an open pruning knife within the square and compasses
The Incorporation of Wrights and Masons - Edinburgh Trades. The Wrights' symbol is the square and compasses in a different configuration from the traditional Masonic one. Wright is the Scottish and Northern English term for a Carpenter.
The arms of the former Allan Glen's School, still used by the school club and independent rugby club, incorporate a square and compasses in a similar configuration to the Edinburgh Wrights. Allan Glen was a wright by trade and the school's arms are similar to those formerly used by the Incorporation of Wrights of Glasgow.
Mormonism, which includes separate markings of the square and compass in temple garments.
