Sony Music Entertainment Japan
Sony Music Entertainment Inc., often abbreviated as SMEJ or simply SME, and also known as Sony Music Japan for short, is Sony's music arm in Japan. SMEJ is directly owned by Sony Corporation and is operating independently from the United States-based Sony Music Entertainment due to its strength in the Japanese music industry.
Its subsidiaries include the Japanese animation production enterprise, Aniplex, which was established in September 1995 as a joint-venture between Sony Music Entertainment Japan and Sony Pictures Entertainment Japan, but which in 2001 became a wholly owned subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment Japan. It was prominent in the early to mid '90s producing and licensing music for animated series such as Roujin Z from acclaimed Japanese comic artist Katsuhiro Otomo and Capcom's Street Fighter animated series.
Until March 2007, Sony Music Japan also had its own North American sublabel, Tofu Records. Releases of Sony Music Japan now appear on Columbia Records and/or Epic Records in North America.
Sony does not have the trademark rights to the Columbia name in Japan, so releases under Columbia Records from another country appears on Sony Records in Japan, but retains the usage of the "walking eye" logo. The Columbia name and trademark is controlled by Nippon Columbia, which was, in fact, the licensee for the American Columbia Records up until 1968, even though relations were officially severed as far back as World War II. Nippon Columbia also does not have direct relations with the British Columbia Graphophone Company, so the licensee for the British Columbia Graphophone Company was actually Toshiba Musical Industries.
With Sony Corporation of America's buyout of Bertelsmann's stake in Sony BMG, Sony Music Entertainment Japan stepped in to acquire outstanding shares of BMG Music Japan from Sony BMG, making it a wholly owned subsidiary of Sony Music Japan.
History
Sony Music Entertainment Japan was officially incorporated in March 1968 as a Tokyo-based 50/50 joint venture between Sony Corporation and U.S. conglomerate CBS to distribute the latter's music releases in Japan. The company was incorporated as CBS/Sony Records and with Sony co-founder Akio Morita as president.Norio Ohga, who himself was a musician, was part of the management team from the formation of the company and served as president and representative director since April 1970. In 1972, when CBS/Sony was generating robust profits, Ohga was named chairman and at the same time gained further responsibility and influence within Sony. He would continue to work for the music company one morning a week. In 1980, Toshio Ozawa succeeded Ohga as president.
In 1983, the company was renamed CBS/Sony Group.
Sony acquires The CBS Records Group in 1988
In January 1988, after more than a year of negotiations, Sony acquired the CBS Records Group and the 50% of CBS/Sony Group that it did not already own.In March 1988, four wholly owned subsidiaries were folded into CBS/Sony Group: CBS/Sony Inc., Epic/Sony Records Inc., CBS/Sony Records Inc. and Sony Video Software International.
The company was renamed Sony Music Entertainment, Inc.
Shugo Matsuo was named new president in January 1992, replacing Toshio Ozawa, who was appointed to the post of chairman.
Overall sales for the fiscal year ending March 31, 1991 were 83.8 billion yen with a pretax profit of 9.2 billion yen.
In June 1996, Ryokichi Kunugi became the new president. Shugo Matsuo was named chairman.
Shigeo Maruyama was appointed to the new post of CEO on October 1, 1997 and replaced Kunugi as president in February 1998.
As of 2019, Mizuno Michinori is the official CEO of the company.
In May 2018, SMEJ acquired a 39% stake in the Peanuts comic strip franchise from DHX Media.
Unties
Sony Music Entertainment announced the launch of its first video game publishing label, Unties, in October 2017. Unties will publish indie games for the PlayStation 4, PlayStation VR, Nintendo Switch, and PC. The name was selected by Sony as representative of helping to "unleash" the power of independent video game development and "unshackle" such developers from the traditional video game publishing process.Unties’ first release was Tiny Metal, a turn-based tactics video game developed by Area 35, for the Nintendo Switch, PS4, and PC. The game was first premiered at PAX West Indie Megabooth. Published Azure Reflections, a side-scrolling bullet hell developed by Souvenir Circ., on May 15 2018 for the PS4. Published Touhou Gensou Wanderers Reloaded, a roguelike rpg developed by Aqua Style, for the PS4, Nintendo Switch, and PC. Published Necrosphere, a platformer developed by Cat Nigiri, for the PS4, Nintendo Switch, PC, and PSVita. Published Midnight Sanctuary, a VR/3D Novel game developed by CAVYHOUSE, for the PS4, Nintendo Switch and PC. Published Tokyo Dark, a visual novel mystery adventure hybrid developed by Cherrymochi, for the PC. Published Chiki-Chiki Boxy Racers, an arcade racing game developed by Pocket, for the Nintendo Switch on August 30 2018. Scheduled to publish on Last Standard, a 3d action game developed by I From Japan, intended for PC. Scheduled to publish The Good Life, a daily-life rpg developed by White Owls Inc., for the PS4 and PC. Scheduled to publish Merkava Avalanche, a 3d cavalry warfare action game developed by WinterCrownWorks, for the PC. Scheduled to publish Olija, an action adventure game developed by Skeleton Crew Studio, for the PC. Scheduled to publish Deemo Reborn, a music rhythm and urban fantasy game developed by Taiwanese studio Rayak, for the PS4 with PSVR support. Scheduled to publish Giraffe and Anika, a 3d adventure game developed by Atelier Mimina, for the PS4, Nintendo Switch and PC. Scheduled to publish 3rd Eye, a 2d horror exploration game, based on the Touhou franchise, for the PS4, Nintendo Switch, and PC. Scheduled to publish Gensokyo Defenders, a tower-defense game developed by Neetpia, for the PS4 and Nintendo Switch.
Increased competition
The company's leading role on the Japanese market was increasingly challenged by labels such as Avex. Net sales for the fiscal year ending March 31, 1997 were down 10% to 103 billion yen, while net income fell 41% to 7.7 billion yen. The market share at that time was less than 18%. In August 1997, Dreams Come True, until that point Sony Music Entertainment Japan's best-selling act, signed a worldwide multi-album deal with competing U.S. label Virgin Records America.Since then it was said that SMEJ ceded to Avex's challenge, but SMEJ bounced back and regained leadership from its indie rival until 2012. SMEJ netted 22.4 billion yen for 1H 2012 and 14.3% of the market, second behind Avex.
Labels and sublabels
Active
- Aniplex
- Sony Music Labels
- * Sony Music Records
- ** Sony Records - formerly known as CBS/Sony since 1968
- ** gr8! records – founded April 2003
- ** MASTERSIX FOUNDATION
- ** N46Div
- ** Niagara Records – private label of Eiichi Ohtaki
- * Epic Records Japan – formery known as Epic/Sony since 1971
- * Ki/oon Music – launched as Ki/oon Sony Records on April 1, 1992
- * SME Records – founded 1998 and taken over the Japanese anime television series "Pocket Monsters" since 2013.
- * Sony Music Associated Records
- ** onenation – joint venture with LDH
- * Ariola Japan – formerly known as BMG Japan until October 2009.
- * Sacra Music – anison label since 2017
- Sony Music Direct – founded as Sony Music House in 1996. Continues to use "Walking Eye" logo.
- Music Ray'n
- Sony Music Marketing – Oversees distribution of labels which have a distribution contract with SMEJ. Formerly known as Sony Music Distribution until 2014.
Defunct
- Dohb Discs
- Antinos Records was launched in 1994 with Sony Music director Shigeo Maruyama as its president. The first releases on August 21 were a mini-album by indie group Confusion and singles by the groups Aniss, Neverending Story, and Ginji Itoh.
- Studioseven Recordings
- Tofu Records
- DefSTAR Records –
- Pikachu Records -
- VVV records
- OKeh was launched in 1994 and headed by Sony Music deputy president Hiroshi Inagaki.
- Former sublabels of Sony Music Associated Records
- * tributelink - Temporary label in 2001
- * TERRY DOLLAR RECORD$ - formerly private label of Oreskaband
- * Yeah! Yeah! Yeah! Records -
- Former sublabels of Ki/oon Music
- * Fitz Beat
- * Haunted Records
- * Ki/oon Records2
- * NeOSITE
- * Siren Song - formerly private label of X Japan
- * Trefort
Notable artists
- 2AM
- 2PM
- 72
- 9nine
- Access
- Aco
- Aimer
- AKB48
- Aki Toyosaki
- Ami Suzuki
- An Cafe
- Angela Aki
- Aoi Eir
- Aqua Timez
- Asian Kung-Fu Generation
- Automatic Loveletter
- Ayahi Takagaki
- Beat Crusaders
- Boom Boom Satellites
- The Brilliant Green
- Buckethead
- Chai
- Chara
- Chemistry
- Chiaki Kuriyama
- Cinder Road
- ClariS
- Cool Joke
- Crystal Kay
- Dancing Dolls
- Debbie Gibson
- Depapepe
- Denki Groove
- Dir En Grey
- Does
- ecosystem
- EGOIST
- Eric Martin
- Fight Like Apes
- Flow
- Galileo Galilei
- GARNiDELiA
- GOT7
- gr8 Jani!
- Halcali
- Hajime Chitose
- Haruka Tomatsu
- Harumi Tsuyuzaki
- HIMEKA
- Hinatazaka46
- Home Made Kazoku
- Hyde
- I Am Ghost
- LiSA
- I WiSH
- Ikimono Gakari
- Ikue Ōtani
- Jasmine
- Jewel
- Jinn
- Joe Inoue
- ItsLordJoshua
- Jay Sean
- JUDY AND MARY
- June
- JY
- K
- Kalafina
- Kana Hanazawa
- Kana Nishino
- Kelun
- Ken Hirai
- Keyakizaka46
- Kotaro Oshio
- Kung Faux
- Kuroneko Chelsea
- LAMA
- L'Arc-en-Ciel
- Led Zepagain
- Little by Little
- Ling tosite Sigure
- Loick Essien
- LONG SHOT PARTY
- Luna Haruna
- Maboroshi
- Mai Hoshimura
- MAN WITH A MISSION
- Masahiko Kondō
- Masakazu Morita
- Mayu Watanabe
- MBLAQ
- Meisa Kuroki
- MiChi
- Miho Fukuhara
- Mika Nakashima
- milet
- Miliyah Kato
- Minako Kotobuki
- Minami Kuribayashi
- miwa
- Miyu Nagase
- Naniwa Express
- Mucc
- Nami Tamaki
- Nana Kitade
- Natsume Mito
- Nico Touches the Walls
- no3b
- Nobodyknows
- Nogizaka46
- Nothing's Carved in Stone
- Nozomi Sasaki
- NU'EST
- Obi Tenaka
- Orange Range
- Oreskaband
- Piko
- Polysics
- Porno Graffitti
- Prague
- Puffy AmiYumi
- Rei Yasuda
- Rie fu
- Rina Chinen
- Rika Matsumoto
- Rize
- ROOKiEZ is PUNK'D
- Rythem
- Sachiko Kobayashi
- Sambomaster
- Sayaka Kanda
- Scandal
- School Food Punishment
- Seamo
- Secret
- Seiko Matsuda
- Siam Shade
- Shinichi Osawa
- Shion Tsuji
- Shoko Nakagawa
- SID
- Soul'd Out
- Soulhead
- Sowelu
- SPYAIR
- Stance Punks
- Stephanie
- Stereopony
- Subsonic Factor
- SunSet Swish
- Supercell
- T.M.Revolution
- Tacica
- Tamio Okuda
- The Boss
- The Boyz
- The Cro-Magnons
- the GazettE
- TiA
- TOTALFAT
- Tomoko Kawase
- Tomohisa Sako
- Toshinobu Kubota
- The Six Dragons
- U-ka saegusa
- UNLIMITS
- Uri Nakayama
- Utada Hikaru
- UVERworld
- ViViD
- Wonder Girls
- X Japan
- Yellow Generation
- Yoshida Brothers
- Younha
- Yui
- Yuna Ito
- Yuya Matsushita
- Zebrahead
- Zone
- NiziU
Key people
- Norio Ohga
- Akio Morita
- Toshio Ozawa
- Shugo Matsuo
- Ryokichi Kunugi
- Shigeo Maruyama
- Takashi Yoshida†
- Hiroshi Inagaki
- Naoki Kitagawa
- Kazutomo Enomoto
- Yaz Noya
Key rivals
- Avex Group
- Universal Music Japan
- Warner Music Japan