The Seventh-Kilometer Market, informally known as Tolchok Толчок, or Tolkuchka толкучка, is an outdoormarket outside of Odessa, Ukraine.
Description
Originally, in the 1960s and 1970s, it was open only on Sundays in Slobodka, near the 3rdJewish cemetery on Chemistry Street, at the time a small walled-in area of 150 m wide and 250 m long, hence totally inadequate for a market and where an association with shoving originated. The new version was founded in 1989 during Perestroika reforms; it is now possibly the largest market in Europe. When founded as an Odessaflea market in the 1960s, the market was officially restricted to selling used items only, but entry was charged to anyone entering with anything held in their hands because new items would be sold by traders from their hands walking the market as opposed to used goods sold off the ground displays. The market was open until 3–4 pm, but owing to the difficulty in reaching it, which until 1966 involved a 2 km walk from the nearesttram stop; it was paramount to reach the market very early in the morning as all worthwhile goods were sold by 10–11 am. When relocated in 1989, it was to an area outside the city's limits at the seventh kilometer of the Odessa–Ovidiopol highway, thus acquiring its name. As of 2006, the market covered 170 acres and consists largely of steel shipping containers, which rent for up to US$6,000 or more per month, as well as an increasing number of ordinary shops in buildings. It has roughly 6,000 traders and an estimated 150,000 customers per day. Daily sales, according to the Ukrainian periodical Zerkalo Nedeli, were believed to be as high as US$20 million in 2004. With a staff of 1,200, the market is also the region's largest employer. It is owned by local land and agriculture tycoon Viktor A. Dobriansky and three partners of his. The independent traders on the market sell goods in all price ranges, from authentic merchandise to all sorts of cheap Asianconsumer goods, including many counterfeit Western luxury goods. According to the impressions of S. L. Myers of The New York Times who visited the market in 2006, Zerkalo Nedeli wrote in 2004 that However, Ukrainian presidentViktor Yushchenkoannounced in 2005 that he intended to enforce tax laws on the market's thriving shadow economy.
