Saionji Kishi


Saionji Kishi, or more formally Fujiwara no Kishi, was an Empress consort of Japan. She was the consort of Emperor Go-Daigo of Japan. She was given the regnal name Reiseimon-in in 1332 when her husband was banished, but it was abolished when he returned to the chrysanthemum throne in 1333. Later she was given the second regnal name Go-Kyōgoku-in upon her death. She was also an excellent poet, 14 of whose waka poetry are included in chokusen wakashū.

Biography

She was born as the 3rd daughter of Saionji Sanekane. She eloped with then-Crown Prince Takaharu in 1313 and officially got married with him in 1314. Prince Takaharu acceded to the throne as Emperor Go-Daigo in the 2nd lunar month, 1318 and Kishi was made semi-Empress consort in the 4th lunar month of the same year. She was made Empress consort in the 8th lunar month, 1319.
Although vol. 1 of the historical epic Taiheiki tells she lost the emperor's favor because of her lady-in-waiting Ano Renshi, Hiromi Hyodo, a Japanese literature researcher, claims that the story is the imitaion of a poem by Bai Juyi, and in the real history Kishi and Go-Daigo were a close and affectionate couple. Other sources such as vol. 4 of the same epic, Masukagami, several historical documents, and poetry by the couple's own hands, show the deep intimacy between the emperor and empress.
Emperor Go-Daigo was captured and exiled to the Oki Islands by the Kamakura shogunate in the 3rd lunar month, 1332 and Kishi became a Buddhist nun in the 8th month the same year. Emperor Go-Daigo escaped from the Oki Islands and returned to Kyoto in the 6th lunar month, 1333. After that, Kishi resumed the title of Empress consort and a little later was made High Empress. She died on the 10th lunar month 12th, 1333.
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