Sadwavirus


Sadwavirus is a genus of viruses in the order Picornavirales, in the family Secoviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are currently five species in this genus, including the type species Satsuma dwarf virus. Diseases associated with this genus include: satsuma dwarf virus disease which causes spoon-shaped leaves on citrus tree. Symptoms are enations, multiple flushing, stunting or dwarfing, reduction in number and size of leaves and fruits. The name of this genus comes from its type species: Satsuma dwarf virus.

Taxonomy

The following subgenera and species are recognized:
Viruses in Sadwavirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=pseudo3 symmetry. The diameter is around 25-30 nm.
The genome is segmented into two parts of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA, 11000-12000 nucleotides in length, where one segment is about 7kb and the second segment is 4.6 to 5.4kb.
GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
SadwavirusIcosahedralPseudo T=3Non-envelopedLinearSegmented

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic, and is lysogenic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement.
Plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector. Transmission routes are vector, seed borne, and grafting.
GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
SadwavirusPlants-Viral movement; mechanical inoculationViral movementCytoplasmCytoplasmNematodes; mites; thrips