Robert Rosenthal (USAAF officer)


Robert "Rosie" Rosenthal was an American lawyer and bomber pilot. A highly decorated officer of the Eighth Air Force of the United States Army Air Forces in World War II, he receiving sixteen awards including the Distinguished Service Cross for "extraordinary heroism in connection with military operations against the enemy," the Silver Star for "gallantry in action," the Distinguished Flying Cross for "heroism or extraordinary achievement during aerial flight," the Air Medal and the Purple Heart, as well as the Distinguished Flying Cross from Great Britain and the Croix de Guerre from France.

Biography

Rosenthal was a graduate of Brooklyn College and Brooklyn Law School, and had been working at a law firm in Manhattan when the Imperial Japanese Navy attacked Pearl Harbor. He enlisted in the United States Army on December 8, 1941 and requested to be trained for combat. In August 1943 he joined the 418th Squadron of the 100th Bombardment Group, stationed at Thorpe Abbotts in England, as a pilot and aircraft commander of a B-17 Flying Fortress crew. In March 1944, Rosenthal's crew, nicknamed "Rosie's Riveters", with their B-17F, serial number 42-30758 bearing the same name, completed their 25-mission combat tour and returned to the United States, but Rosenthal extended his tour, eventually flying a total of 52 missions. He later became commanding officer of the 350th and 418th Bomb Squadrons.
In 2006, he was inducted into the Jewish-American Hall of Fame and medals were made depicting Rosenthal and his crew.

Notable missions

On only his third mission with the 100th BG, out of 13 B-17s on an October 10, 1943 mission over Münster, the Royal Flush B-17F that Rosenthal's crew was flying that day; was the only plane to return, with two engines dead, the intercom and the oxygen system non-functional, and with a large ragged hole in the right wing.
In September 1944, Rosenthal's plane was shot down over German occupied France, in which he broke his right arm and nose. He was rescued by the Free French and returned to duty as soon as he had healed.
On his second to last mission on February 3, 1945, Rosenthal led a mission to bomb Berlin. Although his bomber was in flames from a direct hit, he continued to the target to drop his payload; then stayed with the plane until after the rest of the crew had bailed out, just before it exploded at only 1,000 feet. He was recovered by the Soviet Army and again returned to duty. This raid also ended the life of Roland Freisler, the notorious "hanging judge" of the Third Reich's Volksgerichtshof.
After the war, Rosenthal served as an assistant to the U.S. prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials, where he interrogated Hermann Göring.
Robert Rosenthal died on April 20, 2007, in White Plains, New York.